Exponential growth occurs when a quantity grows at a rate directly proportional to its present size. For example, when it is 3 times as big as it is now, it will be growing 3 times as fast as it is now.
In geometry, the 5-cell is the convex 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {3,3,3}. It is a 5-vertex four-dimensional object bounded by five tetrahedral cells. It is also known as a C5, hypertetrahedron, 'pentachoron, pentatope, pentahedroid, tetrahedral pyramid, or 4-simplex (Coxeter's polytope), the simplest possible convex 4-polytope, and is analogous to the tetrahedron in three dimensions and the triangle in two dimensions. The 5-cell is a 4-dimensional pyramid with a tetrahedral base and four tetrahedral sides.
The term bed load or bedload describes particles in a flowing fluid that are transported along the stream bed. Bed load is complementary to suspended load and wash load.
In celestial mechanics, the mean anomaly is the fraction of an elliptical orbit's period that has elapsed since the orbiting body passed periapsis, expressed as an angle which can be used in calculating the position of that body in the classical two-body problem. It is the angular distance from the pericenter which a fictitious body would have if it moved in a circular orbit, with constant speed, in the same orbital period as the actual body in its elliptical orbit.
In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque. Torsion could be defined as strain or angular deformation, and is measured by the angle a chosen section is rotated from its equilibrium position. The resulting stress is expressed in either the pascal (Pa), an SI unit for newtons per square metre, or in pounds per square inch (psi) while torque is expressed in newton metres (N·m) or foot-pound force (ft·lbf). In sections perpendicular to the torque axis, the resultant shear stress in this section is perpendicular to the radius.
In geometry, the rhombidodecadodecahedron is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron, indexed as U38. It has 54 faces (30 squares, 12 pentagons and 12 pentagrams), 120 edges and 60 vertices. It is given a Schläfli symbol t0,2{5⁄2,5}, and by the Wythoff construction this polyhedron can also be named a cantellated great dodecahedron.
In statistics, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient, commonly referred to as Kendall's τ coefficient, is a statistic used to measure the ordinal association between two measured quantities. A τ test is a non-parametric hypothesis test for statistical dependence based on the τ coefficient. It is a measure of rank correlation: the similarity of the orderings of the data when ranked by each of the quantities. It is named after Maurice Kendall, who developed it in 1938, though Gustav Fechner had proposed a similar measure in the context of time series in 1897.
This uniform polyhedron compound is a composition of 2 icosahedra. It has octahedral symmetry Oh. As a holosnub, it is represented by Schläfli symbol β{3,4} and Coxeter diagram .
The compound of five icosahedra is uniform polyhedron compound. It's composed of 5 icosahedra, rotated around a common axis. It has icosahedral symmetry Ih.
In geometry, this uniform polyhedron compound is a composition of 5 cuboctahedra. It has icosahedral symmetry Ih.
The compound of five truncated tetrahedra is a uniform polyhedron compound. It's composed of 5 truncated tetrahedra rotated around a common axis. It may be formed by truncating each of the tetrahedra in the compound of five tetrahedra. A far-enough truncation creates the compound of five octahedra. Its convex hull is a nonuniform snub dodecahedron.
This uniform polyhedron compound is a composition of 10 truncated tetrahedra, formed by truncating each of the tetrahedra in the compound of 10 tetrahedra. It also results from composing the two enantiomers of the compound of 5 truncated tetrahedra.
This uniform polyhedron compound is a composition of 5 truncated cubes, formed by truncating each of the cubes in the compound of 5 cubes.
This uniform polyhedron compound is a symmetric arrangement of 10 hexagonal prisms, aligned with the axes of three-fold rotational symmetry of an icosahedron.
This uniform polyhedron compound is a symmetric arrangement of 6 decagonal prisms, aligned with the axes of fivefold rotational symmetry of a dodecahedron.
The compounds of ten octahedra UC15 and UC16 are two uniform polyhedron compounds. They are composed of a symmetric arrangement of 10 octahedra, considered as triangular antiprisms, aligned with the axes of three-fold rotational symmetry of an icosahedron. The two compounds differ in the orientation of their octahedra: each compound may be transformed into the other by rotating each octahedron by 60 degrees.
The compound of twenty octahedra with rotational freedom is a uniform polyhedron compound. It's composed of a symmetric arrangement of 20 octahedra, considered as triangular antiprisms. It can be constructed by superimposing two copies of the compound of 10 octahedra UC16, and for each resulting pair of octahedra, rotating each octahedron in the pair by an equal and opposite angle θ.
This uniform polyhedron compound is a symmetric arrangement of 12 pentagonal antiprisms. It can be constructed by inscribing one pair of pentagonal antiprisms within an icosahedron, in each of the six possible ways, and then rotating each by an equal and opposite angle θ.
In actuarial science and applied probability, ruin theory uses mathematical models to describe an insurer's vulnerability to insolvency/ruin. In such models key quantities of interest are the probability of ruin, distribution of surplus immediately prior to ruin and deficit at time of ruin.
In probability and statistics, a compound probability distribution is the probability distribution that results from assuming that a random variable is distributed according to some parametrized distribution, with the parameters of that distribution themselves being random variables. If the parameter is a scale parameter, the resulting mixture is also called a scale mixture.
