Related Research Articles
The Silurian is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at 443.8 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, 419.2 Mya. The Silurian is the shortest period of the Paleozoic Era. As with other geologic periods, the rock beds that define the period's start and end are well identified, but the exact dates are uncertain by a few million years. The base of the Silurian is set at a series of major Ordovician–Silurian extinction events when up to 60% of marine genera were wiped out.
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers, and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies. Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago.
Cooksonia is an extinct grouping of primitive land plants. The earliest Cooksonia date from the middle of the Silurian ; the group continued to be an important component of the flora until the end of the Early Devonian, a total time span of 433 to 393 million years ago. While Cooksonia fossils are distributed globally, most type specimens come from Britain, where they were first discovered in 1937. Cooksonia includes the oldest known plant to have a stem with vascular tissue and is thus a transitional form between the primitive non-vascular bryophytes and the vascular plants.
The rhyniophytes are a group of extinct early vascular plants that are considered to be similar to the genus Rhynia, found in the Early Devonian. Sources vary in the name and rank used for this group, some treating it as the class Rhyniopsida, others as the subdivision Rhyniophytina or the division Rhyniophyta. The first definition of the group, under the name Rhyniophytina, was by Banks, since when there have been many redefinitions, including by Banks himself. "As a result, the Rhyniophytina have slowly dissolved into a heterogeneous collection of plants ... the group contains only one species on which all authors agree: the type species Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii". When defined very broadly, the group consists of plants with dichotomously branched, naked aerial axes ("stems") with terminal spore-bearing structures (sporangia). The rhyniophytes are considered to be stem group tracheophytes.
Poritiinae is a subfamily of butterflies, the larvae of which are unusual for feeding on algae and foliate lichen.
Polysporangiophytes, also called polysporangiates or formally Polysporangiophyta, are plants in which the spore-bearing generation (sporophyte) has branching stems (axes) that bear sporangia. The name literally means many sporangia plant. The clade includes all land plants (embryophytes) except for the bryophytes whose sporophytes are normally unbranched, even if a few exceptional cases occur. While the definition is independent of the presence of vascular tissue, all living polysporangiophytes also have vascular tissue, i.e., are vascular plants or tracheophytes. Fossil polysporangiophytes are known that have no vascular tissue, and so are not tracheophytes.
Cooksonia is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1905. Cooksonia is endemic to the Afrotropical realm.
Guangnania was a genus of Early Devonian land plant with branching axes. It is thought to be related to the zosterophylls.
Serrulacaulis was a genus of early land plant with branching axes. Known fossils are of Late Devonian age.
Tarella was a genus of Early Devonian land plant with branching axes. Fossils came from Pragian age rocks.
Anisophyton was a genus of Early Devonian land plant with branching axes. Known fossils are of Emsian age.
Aberlemnia is a genus of extinct vascular plants of the Early Devonian, which consisted of leafless stems with terminal spore-forming organs (sporangia). Fossils found in Scotland were initially described as Cooksonia caledonica. A later review, which included new and more complete fossils from Brazil, showed that the specimens did not fit the circumscription of the genus Cooksonia; accordingly a new genus Aberlemnia was proposed.
Hollandophyton is a genus of extinct plants known from fossils found in Shropshire, England, in rocks of upper Silurian age. The specimens are fragmentary, consisting of leafless stems (axes) which branched dichotomously and bore kidney-shaped spore-forming organs or sporangia, apparently at their tips. The internal structure of the stems is unknown.
Cooksonia aliciae is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Malawi.
Cooksonia neavei, or Neave's tiger mimic, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. The species was first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1912. It is found in Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The habitat consists of Brachystegia woodland.
Cooksonia trimeni is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1905. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Cooksonia abri is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Cameroon.
This timeline of Silurian research is a chronological listing of events in the history of geology and paleontology focused on the study of earth during the span of time lasting from 443.4–419.2 million years ago and the legacies of this period in the rock and fossil records.
This timeline of Devonian research is a chronological listing of events in the history of geology and paleontology focused on the study of earth during the span of time lasting from 419.2 to 358.9 million years ago and the legacies of this period in the rock and fossil records.
References
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cooksonia ginettae . |
 | Wikispecies has information related to Cooksonia ginettae . |
- ↑ Cooksonia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms
- ↑ African Butterfly Database
| This Poritiinae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |