Corn Exchange, Salisbury

Corn Exchange, Salisbury
Corn Exchange, Salisbury
Location	Market Place, Salisbury
Coordinates	51°04′11″N1°47′48″W / 51.0697°N 1.7968°W / 51.0697; -1.7968
Built	1859
Architect	John Strapp
Architectural style(s)	Neoclassical style
Listed Building – Grade II
Official name	The Market Hall
Designated	1 April 1970
Reference no.	1259888
Shown in Wiltshire

The Corn Exchange, formerly the Market Hall, is a commercial building in the Market Place, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. The structure, which accommodates a small shopping mall, a public library and an art gallery, is a Grade II listed building. ^[1]

History

Salisbury Railway and Market House Act 1856
Act of Parliament
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long title	An Act for incorporating the Salisbury Railway and Market House Company; for authorizing them to make and maintain a Railway and a Market House at Salisbury; and for other Purposes.
Citation	19 & 20 Vict. c. xciii
Other legislation
Repealed by	Salisbury Railway and Market House Act 1969
Status: Repealed

Salisbury Railway and Market House Act 1864
Act of Parliament
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Citation	27 & 28 Vict. c. xxi
Other legislation
Repealed by	Salisbury Railway and Market House Act 1969
Status: Repealed

In the mid-19th century, a group of local businessmen decided to form a private company, known as the "Salisbury Railway and Market House Company", to finance and commission a purpose-built market hall for the town. ^[2] The site they chose, on the west side of the Market Place, had been occupied by the Maidenhead Inn, and was enclosed at the back by the River Avon. In order to maximise use of the market hall, they decided to build a branch railway line between Salisbury railway station and the market hall. ^[3] The scheme was authorised by the Salisbury Railway and Market House Act 1856 (19 & 20 Vict. c. xciii).

The new building was designed by the chief engineer of the London and South Western Railway, John Strapp, in the neoclassical style, built in ashlar stone and was officially opened on 24 May 1859. ^{[4] [5]} The design involved a symmetrical main frontage of three bays facing onto the Market Place. The central bay featured a large round headed opening with voussoirs, flanked by banded pilasters supporting an entablature and a pediment with a clock in the tympanum. The outer bays contained slightly smaller openings with voussoirs and cast iron gates made by Hill & Smith, flanked by pilasters supporting an entablature, a cornice and a parapet. Internally, the principal room was the main hall. ^[1]

The 1st Corps, Wiltshire Rifle Volunteer Corps, part of the Volunteer Force, used the market hall for drill practice after it was raised in 1860. ^[6] The building was subsequently re-branded as the "Corn Exchange", although the use of the building as a corn exchange declined significantly in the wake of the Great Depression of British Agriculture in the late 19th century. ^[7] The branch railway line was not affected by the nationalisation of British Railways in 1948, but was closed, following the implementation of the Beeching cuts, in 1964. ^{[8] [9]}

Salisbury Railway and Market House Act 1969
Act of Parliament
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long title	An Act to confirm an agreement between the Salisbury Railway and Market House Company Limited in liquidation and the mayor, aldermen and citizens of the city of New Sarum for the sale of the Market House, Salisbury, and certain other property; to relieve the Company of its statutory obligations to provide a market; to provide for the repeal of the enactments relating to the Company; and for other purposes.
Citation	1969 c. xviii
Dates
Royal assent	16 May 1969
Status: Current legislation
Text of statute as originally enacted

The building continued to sell agricultural products, albeit in smaller volumes, until the site was sold to New Sarum City Council in 1969 by the Salisbury Railway and Market House Act 1969 (c. xviii), and then redeveloped in the early 1970s. ^[10] The façade was retained and a small shopping mall known as the "Market Walk" was created through the left-hand opening. The central and right-hand bays were used to accommodate a public library and an art gallery, both of which relocated from buildings in Chipper Lane. ^{[11] [12]} The art gallery, known as the "Young Gallery", had been established to exhibit a collection of paintings assembled by a collector, Edwin Young, which had been donated to the city in 1912. ^[13]

See also

• Corn exchanges in England

References

1. Historic England. "The Market Hall (1259888)". National Heritage List for England . Retrieved 10 July 2023.
2. Backinsell, William G. C. (1977). The Salisbury Railway and Market House Company. South Wiltshire Industrial Archaeology Society. ISBN   978-0906195000.
3. Rabbitts, Paul; Gordon, Liz (2021). Salisbury in 50 Buildings. Amberley Publishing. ISBN   978-1445699332.
4. Crittall, Elizabeth (1962). "'Salisbury: The market place', in A History of the County of Wiltshire". London: British History Online. pp. 85–87. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
5. "Demolishing library would wipe out part of our past". The Salisbury Journal. 30 December 2010. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
6. Westlake, Ray (2010). Tracing the Rifle Volunteers. Pen and Sword. ISBN   978-1844686940.
7. Fletcher, T. W. (1973). 'The Great Depression of English Agriculture 1873-1896' in British Agriculture 1875-1914. London: Methuen. p. 31. ISBN   978-1136581182.
8. "Salisbury". Southern Railway Email Group. 6 January 2008. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
9. Awdry, Christopher (1990). Encyclopaedia of British Railway Companies. Stephens. p. 233. ISBN   978-1852600495.
10. "'Major Secular Buildings', in Ancient and Historical Monuments in the City of Salisbury". London: British History Online. 1977. pp. 46–59. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
11. "Bygone: The history of the Chipper Lane library". The Salisbury Journal. 1 December 2022. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
12. Pevsner, Nikolaus; Cherry, Bridget (2002). Wiltshire (Buildings of England Series). Yale University Press. p. 59. ISBN   978-0300096590.
13. Johnson, Sue. "An art gallery for Salisbury". The Young Gallery. Retrieved 10 July 2023.