The Crown Film Unit was an organisation within the British Government's Ministry of Information during the Second World War; until 1940, it was the GPO Film Unit. Its remit was to make films for the general public in Britain and abroad. Its output included short information and documentary films, as well as longer drama-documentaries, as well as a few straight drama productions.
Music was an important element. The conductor Muir Mathieson was the director of music for many productions, and notable composers commissioned to write original scores included Walter Leigh, Benjamin Britten, Ernst Meyer, Richard Addinsell, Benjamin Frankel, Christian Darnton, Guy Warrack and Arthur Benjamin. [1]
The Crown Film Unit continued to produce films, as part of the Central Office of Information (COI), until it was disbanded in 1952.
Title | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|
Royal Scotland | 1952 | Oscar-nominated documentary |
Mary's Birthday | 1951 | Animation by Lotte Reiniger |
Out of True | 1951 | Directed by Philip Leacock |
Daybreak in Udi | 1949 | Directed by Terry Bishop, Oscar-winning documentary |
School in Cologne | 1948 | Directed by Graham Wallace, short film in the British Zone of Germany |
Worth the Risk? | 1948 | British road safety public information film |
Instruments of the Orchestra | 1946 | Scored by Benjamin Britten, later published as The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra |
A Defeated People | 1946 | Directed by Humphrey Jennings, filmed in Occupied Germany |
A Diary for Timothy | 1945 | Directed by Humphrey Jennings, written by E. M. Forster, featuring Michael Redgrave, Dame Myra Hess and John Gielgud |
Two Fathers | 1944 | Directed by Anthony Asquith, written by V. S. Pritchett, starring Bernard Miles and Paul Bonifas |
Western Approaches | 1944 | Docufiction directed by Pat Jackson, Crown Film Unit's first Technicolor production |
The Silent Village | 1943 | Directed by Humphrey Jennings |
Before the Raid | 1943 | Directed by Jirí Weiss, written by Laurie Lee |
Fires Were Started | 1943 | Directed by Humphrey Jennings |
The True Story of Lili Marlene | 1944 | Directed by Humphrey Jennings, featuring Marius Goring and Lucie Mannheim |
Coastal Command | 1942 | Directed by J.B. Holmes |
A Letter From Ulster | 1942 | Directed by Brian Desmond Hurst |
Listen to Britain | 1942 | Directed by Humphrey Jennings, featuring Dame Myra Hess and Flanagan and Allen |
Malta G.C. | 1942 | Directed by Eugeniusz Cekalski and Derrick De Marney, narrated by Laurence Olivier |
Target for Tonight | 1941 | Directed by Harry Watt, winner of Special Award Certificate from AMPAS |
The Heart of Britain (also known as This Is England) | 1941 | Directed by Humphrey Jennings, narrated by Edward R. Murrow |
Men of the Lightship | 1940 | Directed by David MacDonald |
Musical Poster Number One | 1940 | Written and directed by Len Lye |
Brian Easdale was a British composer of operatic, orchestral, choral and film music, best known for his ballet film score The Red Shoes of 1948.
The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra, Op. 34, is a 1945 musical composition by Benjamin Britten with a subtitle Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Purcell. It was based on the second movement, "Rondeau", of the Abdelazer suite. It was originally commissioned for the British educational documentary film called Instruments of the Orchestra released on 29 November 1946, directed by Muir Mathieson and featuring the London Symphony Orchestra conducted by Malcolm Sargent; Sargent also conducted the concert première on 15 October 1946 with the Liverpool Philharmonic in the Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool, England.
Arthur Leslie Benjamin was an Australian composer, pianist, conductor and teacher. He is best known as the composer of Jamaican Rumba (1938) and of the Storm Clouds Cantata, featured in both versions of the Alfred Hitchcock film The Man who Knew Too Much, in 1934 and 1956.
Clifton Parker was a British composer, particularly noted for his film scores. During his career, he composed scores for over 50 feature films, as well as numerous documentary shorts, radio and television scores, over 100 songs and music for ballet and theatre.
Kelville Ernest Irving was an English music director, conductor and composer, primarily remembered as a theatre musician in London between the wars, and for his key contributions to British film music as music director at Ealing Studios from the 1930s to the 1950s.
James Muir Mathieson, OBE was a Scottish conductor and composer. Mathieson was almost always described as a "Musical Director" on many British films.
Night Mail is a 1936 British documentary film directed and produced by Harry Watt and Basil Wright, and produced by the General Post Office (GPO) Film Unit. The 24-minute film documents the nightly postal train operated by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) from London to Scotland and the staff who operate it. Narrated by John Grierson and Stuart Legg, the film ends with a "verse commentary" written by W. H. Auden to a score composed by Benjamin Britten. The locomotive featured in the film is LMS Royal Scot Class 6115 Scots Guardsman.
Basil Wright was a documentary filmmaker, film historian, film critic and teacher.
Beaconsfield Film Studios is a British television and film studio in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire. The studios were operational as a production site for films in 1922, and continued producing films - and, later, TV shows - until the 1960s. Britain's first talking movie was recorded there, as were films starring British actors Gracie Fields, Peter Sellers and John Mills.
The Documentary Film Movement is the group of British filmmakers, led by John Grierson, who were influential in British film culture in the 1930s and 1940s.
Guy Douglas Hamilton Warrack was a Scottish composer, music educator and conductor. He was the son of John Warrack of the Leith steamship company, John Warrack & Co., founded by Guy's grandfather, also called John.
A Defeated People is a 1946 British documentary short film made by the Crown Film Unit, directed by Humphrey Jennings and narrated by William Hartnell. The film depicts the shattered state of Germany, both physically and as a society, in the immediate aftermath of World War II. The narration explains what is being done – and what needs to be done – both by the occupying Allied forces and the German people themselves to build a better Germany from the ruins.
The Story of a Flemish Farm is an orchestral suite by British composer Ralph Vaughan Williams, based on the score for the 1943 film The Flemish Farm - a wartime drama set in occupied Europe, and written when Vaughan Williams was 70.
Hermione Maria Louise Darnborough, later Hermione Mathieson, was an English principal ballerina who made her name at Sadler's Wells in the 1930s. She retired at a young age after marrying the conductor and composer Muir Mathieson.
This is a summary of 1975 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year.
John Hollingsworth was a British orchestral conductor prominent in the concert hall, the ballet and opera theatre, and the film studio. He was Sir Malcolm Sargent's assistant conductor at The Proms, where he conducted over 60 times including some world and British premieres. He also conducted at the Royal Opera and Sadlers Wells, and became associated with music for British horror films of the 1950s and early 1960s.
The London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) has been associated with the cinema since the days of silent film. During the 1920s the orchestra played scores arranged and conducted by Eugene Goossens to accompany screenings of The Three Musketeers (1922), The Nibelungs (1924), The Constant Nymph (1927) and The Life of Beethoven (1929).
Andrée Howard, originally Louise Andréa Enriqueta Howard, was a British ballet dancer and choreographer. She created over 30 ballets.
Edward Aneurin Williams was a British composer and electronic music pioneer, best known for his work on the BBC Television series Life on Earth, and as the creator of Soundbeam. Two of the documentaries he composed scores for were Academy Award winners, including Dylan Thomas (1961), which won an Oscar in 1963, and Wild Wings (1965), which won an Oscar in 1967.
Elaine Fifield was an Australian ballerina, perhaps best known for creating the title role in John Cranko's comic ballet Pineapple Poll in 1951.