Cumberland (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Cumberland
Former County constituency
for the House of Commons
1290–1832
Seatstwo
Replaced by Cumberland East and Cumberland West

Cumberland is a former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It was represented by two Knights of the Shire. It was divided between the constituencies of Cumberland East and Cumberland West in 1832.

Contents

Members of Parliament

MPs 1290–1640

ParliamentFirst memberSecond member
1301 Sir John Wigton
1305 Sir John Wigton
1306 Sir John de Lucy
1312 Andrew Harclay
1313 Sir John Wigton
1316 John de Skelton
1324 Hugh de Lowther
1325 Robert Parning
1327 Robert Parning
1328 Robert Parning
1331 Robert Parning
1332 Robert Parning
1337 Thomas de Skelton
1342 Hugh de Lowther Peter de Tylliol
1344 Hugh de Lowther John de Orreton
1345 Hugh de Lowther Henry de Malton
1368 James Pickering
1377 Richard de Sandys Sir Richard Moubray
1377 John FitzHugh de Lowther
1378 Peter Tilliol
1380 (Jan) Sir William Curwen
1380 (Nov) Peter Tilliol
1383 John de Burgham John de Kirby
1385 Sir Richard de Beaulieu Sir Peter Tilliol
1386 Amand Monceaux John Thirlwall [1]
1388 (Feb) Sir John de Derwentwater Sir John Ireby [1]
1388 (Sep) Amand Monceaux Sir Robert Muncaster [1]
1390 (Jan) Amand Monceaux William de Threlkeld [1]
1390 (Nov) William Stapleton Thomas Sands [1]
1391 Sir Peter Tilliol Robert Lowther [1]
1393 Geoffrey Tilliol William Lowther [1]
1394 Sir Clement Skelton Robert Lowther [1]
1395 William Stapleton Thomas Sands [1]
1397 (Jan) Sir John Ireby Sir Clement Skelton [1]
1397 (Sep) Sir Peter Tilliol William Osmundlaw [1]
1399 Sir William Leigh Roland Vaux [1]
1401 Robert Lowther William Stapleton [1]
1402 Sir Peter Tilliol John Skelton [1]
1404 (Jan) Sir Robert Lowther William Lowther I [1]
1404 (Oct) John More I William Bewley [1]
1406 Sir Robert Lowther Sir John Skelton [1]
1407 William Stapleton William More [1]
1410 Sir Peter Tilliol Christopher Moresby [1]
1411
1413 (Feb)
1413 (May) Sir Peter Tilliol William Bewley [1]
1414 (Apr) (Sir) Robert Lowther Sir William Leigh [1]
1414 (Nov) Sir Christopher Curwen John Eaglesfield [1]
1415
1416 (Mar) (Sir) John Lancaster William Stapleton [1]
1416 (Oct)
1417 Sir Peter Tilliol (Sir) Robert Lowther [1]
1419 Sir Peter Tilliol Richard Restwold I [1]
1420 Sir Peter Tilliol Thomas de la More [1]
1421 (May) Sir John Lamplugh Richard Restwold II [1]
1421 (Dec) Sir Peter Tilliol Sir Nicholas Radcliffe [1]
1422 Sir Peter Tilliol Sir John Skelton
1423 Sir Christopher Curwen
1425 Sir Christopher Curwen Sir Peter Tilliol
1426 Sir Peter Tilliol
1427 Sir Christopher Curwen Sir Nicholas Ratcliffe of Derwentwater
1431 Sir Christopher Curwen
1432 Sir Christopher Curwen
1445 Sir Thomas Parr
1446 Sir John Penington
1467 Sir John Huddleston
1491 Sir Christopher Dacre
1510–1515 No Names Known [2]
1523?Sir Christopher Dacre  ? [2]
1529 Sir Christopher Dacre John Lee I [2]
1536
1539
1542?Sir Thomas Wharton  ?Hon. Sir Thomas Wharton [2]
1545 Hon. Sir Thomas Wharton Cuthbert Hutton [2]
1547 Hon. Sir Thomas Wharton Richard Musgrave [2]
1553 (Mar) (Sir) Richard Musgrave Henry Curwen [2]
1553 (Oct) Hon. Sir Thomas Wharton Thomas Dacre [2]
1554 (Apr) John Lee II Robert Penruddock [2]
1554 (Nov) John Lee II Robert Penruddock [2]
1555 Thomas Threlkeld Henry Curwen [2]
1558 Leonard Dacre John Dalston [2]
1558–1559 Leonard Dacre William Musgrave [3]
1563 (Jan) Leonard Dacre Henry Curwen [3]
1571 Sir Henry Percy,
sat for Northumberland and repl. by ?		 Sir Simon Musgrave [3]
1572 Sir Simon Musgrave Edward Scrope,
died and repl. Nov 1580 by Sir Thomas Boynton? [3]
1584 Thomas Scrope Robert Bowes I [3]
1586 Robert Bowes I Henry Leigh [3]
1588–9 Sir Thomas Scrope Robert Bowes I [3]
1593 Nicholas Curwen Wilfred Lawson [3]
1597 Joseph Pennington (MP) Christopher Pickering [3]
1601 (Oct) William Huddleston Gerard Lowther II [3]
1604–1611 Sir Wilfred Lawson Edward Musgrave
1614 Sir Wilfred Lawson Sir Thomas Penruddock
1621–2 Sir George Dalston Sir Henry Curwen
1624 Sir George Dalston Ferdinando Huddleston
1625 Sir George Dalston Patricius Curwen
1626 Sir George Dalston Patricius Curwen
1628 Sir George Dalston Sir Patricius Curwen, Bt
1629–1640No Parliament summoned

MPs 1640–1832

YearFirst memberFirst partySecond memberSecond party
April 1640 Sir Patricius Curwen, Bt Sir George Dalston
November 1640 Sir George Dalston Royalist
March 1643Curwen and Dalston disabled to sit – both seats vacant
1646 William Armine [4] Richard Tolson
December 1648Tolson excluded in Pride's Purge – seat vacant
1653Cumberland was not separately represented in the Barebones Parliament.
The following were nominated for The Four Northern Counties collectively:
Major-General Charles Howard, Robert Fenwick, Henry Dawson, Henry Ogle
1654 Colonel William Briscoe Major-General Charles Howard
1656
January 1659 Sir Wilfrid Lawson
May 1659 Not represented in the restored Rump, Armine having died in the interim
April 1660 Sir Wilfrid Lawson Charles Howard
1661 Sir Patricius Curwen, Bt Sir George Fletcher, Bt
1665 Sir John Lowther, Bt
February 1679 Richard Lamplugh
August 1679 Viscount Morpeth
1681 Sir George Fletcher, Bt
1685 The Viscount Preston
1689 Sir George Fletcher, Bt
January 1701 Richard Musgrave Gilfrid Lawson
December 1701 Sir Edward Hasell George Fletcher Whig
1702 Richard Musgrave Gilfrid Lawson
1705 George Fletcher Whig
1708 James Lowther Gilfrid Lawson
1722 Sir Christopher Musgrave, Bt
1727 James Lowther
1734 Sir Joseph Pennington, Bt
1745 Sir John Pennington, Bt
1755 Sir William Lowther, Bt
1756 Sir William Fleming
1757 Sir James Lowther, Bt
1761 Sir Wilfrid Lawson, Bt
1762 Sir James Lowther, Bt Tory
March 1768 Henry Curwen Whig
December 1768 Sir Henry Fletcher, Bt [5] Whig
1774 Sir James Lowther, Bt Tory
1784 Sir William Lowther, Bt Tory
1790 Humphrey Senhouse Tory
1796 John Lowther [6] Tory
1806 Viscount Morpeth Tory
1820 John Christian Curwen Whig
1829 Sir James Graham, Bt Whig
1831 William Blamire Whig

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 "History of Parliament" . Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "History of Parliament" . Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "History of Parliament" . Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  4. ↑ Sir William Armine, Bt., from 1651
  5. ↑ At the general election of 1768, Lowther defeated Fletcher by two votes, but on petition the result was overturned and Fletcher declared elected
  6. ↑ Created a baronet as Sir John Lowther, 1824

Elections

The county franchise, from 1430, was held by the adult male owners of freehold land valued at 40 shillings or more. Each elector had as many votes as there were seats to be filled. Votes had to be cast by a spoken declaration, in public, at the hustings, which took place in the town of Cockermouth. The expense and difficulty of voting at only one location in the county, together with the lack of a secret ballot contributed to the corruption and intimidation of electors, which was widespread in the unreformed British political system.

The expense, to candidates, of contested elections encouraged the leading families of the county to agree on the candidates to be returned unopposed whenever possible. Contested county elections were therefore unusual.

Election results

Election results taken from the History of Parliament Trust series.

Elections in the 18th century

General election 1715: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Nonpartisan James Lowther UnopposedN/AN/A
Nonpartisan Gilfrid Lawson UnopposedN/AN/A
General election 1722: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Nonpartisan Christopher Musgrave UnopposedN/AN/A
Nonpartisan Gilfrid Lawson UnopposedN/AN/A
General election 1727: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Nonpartisan James Lowther UnopposedN/AN/A
Nonpartisan Gilfrid Lawson UnopposedN/AN/A
General election 1734: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Nonpartisan James Lowther UnopposedN/AN/A
Nonpartisan Joseph PenningtonUnopposedN/AN/A
General election 1741: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Nonpartisan James Lowther UnopposedN/AN/A
Nonpartisan Joseph PenningtonUnopposedN/AN/A
By-Election 8 January 1745: Cumberland
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Nonpartisan John PenningtonUnopposedN/AN/A
General election 1747: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Nonpartisan James Lowther UnopposedN/AN/A
Nonpartisan John PenningtonUnopposedN/AN/A
General election 1768: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Henry Curwen 2,13926.8N/A
Tory James Lowther 1,97724.8N/A
Whig Henry Fletcher 1,97524.7N/A
Tory Humphrey Senhouse 1,89123.7N/A
General election 1774: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory James Lowther 97645.2N/A
Whig Henry Fletcher 87640.6N/A
Tory Joseph Pennington30514.1N/A
General election 1820: Cumberland (2 seats)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Lowther 16641.5N/A
Whig John Christian Curwen13834.5N/A
Tory George Howard 9624.0N/A

See also

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References

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