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The DX number is a number which uniquely identifies the type and manufacturer (sensitizer) of a film emulsion. These DX numbers were assigned by the International Imaging Industry Association (I3A), which published and sold a proprietary list of DX numbers for APS and 135 film yearly or as needed. The last edition of the list, entitled DX Codes for 135-Size Film, was published in January 2009.
A DX number has two parts separated by a dash: CCC-SS
For example, Agfa Perutz 3-color ISO 200/24° film is assigned 115-4, while the equivalent Perutz 3-color ISO 100/21° film is assigned 115-3. [1] : 12
DX Part 1 numbers, from the 2008 DX Codes document: [1]
| No. | Assignee | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | — | |
| 1 | Agfa-Gevaert | Agfapan, Scala |
| 2 | Konica Minolta | ? |
| 3 | Agfa-Gevaert | Agfachrome |
| 4 | Eastman Kodak | Technical Pan |
| 5 | Agfa-Gevaert | Agfachrome |
| 6 | Eastman Kodak | Infrared (HS & Ektachrome) |
| 7 | Agfa-Gevaert | ? |
| 8 | Fujifilm | Superia, Reala |
| 9 | Svema | DS-100 |
| 10 | Fujifilm | Fujicolor Pro |
| 11 | Eastman Kodak | Traffic Surveillance |
| 12 | Fujifilm | Superia |
| 13 | Eastman Kodak | ? |
| 14 | Eastman Kodak | ? |
| 15 | Ferrania | ? |
| No. | Assignee | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 16 | Konica Minolta | Chrome |
| 17 | Agfa-Gevaert | Agfacolor |
| 18 | Ferrania | Scotch Color |
| 19 | Eastman Kodak | ? |
| 20 | Eastman Kodak | Ektachrome |
| 21 | — (was Tudor) | |
| 22 | — (was Tudor) | |
| 23 | Eastman Kodak | Ektachrome, Elite Chrome |
| 24 | Ferrania | Imation Chrome |
| 25 | Konica Minolta | ? |
| 26 | Konica Minolta | Centuria |
| 27 | — | |
| 28 | Konica Minolta | VX |
| 29 | — | |
| 30 | Konica Minolta | ? |
| 31 | Agfa-Gevaert | Perutz Primera |
| No. | Assignee | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 32 | Fujifilm | Sensia, Astia, Velvia, Provia |
| 33 | Fujifilm (APS) | ? |
| 34 | Fujifilm | Sensia, Astia, Provia |
| 35 | Fujifilm | Superia |
| 36 | Fujifilm | NPH, Super G, Superia, Reala |
| 37 | Fujifilm (APS) | ? |
| 38 | Fujifilm (APS) | ? |
| 39 | Fujifilm | Superia |
| 40 | Konica Minolta | Impresa |
| 41 | — | |
| 42 | Fujifilm | Fujichrome RSP |
| 43 | Eastman Kodak | MAX / Supra 800 |
| 44 | Agfa-Gevaert (APS) | Agfacolor Futura |
| 45 | Agfa-Gevaert (APS) | Perutz Primera |
| 46 | Agfa-Gevaert | Agfacolor, Polaroid Plus |
| 47 | Agfa-Gevaert | Perutz Primera, Agfacolor |
| No. | Assignee | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 48 | Konica Minolta | ? |
| 49 | Agfa-Gevaert | Agfacolor Optima |
| 50 | Konica Minolta | Monochrome, Centuria, XG, LV, VX, JX |
| 51 | Agfa-Gevaert | ? |
| 52 | Eastman Kodak | Ektachrome |
| 53 | Eastman Kodak | Ektachrome |
| 54 | — | |
| 55 | — | |
| 56 | — | |
| 57 | — | |
| 58 | — | |
| 59 | — | |
| 60 | China Lucky Film | Color Chrome |
| 61 | — | |
| 62 | — | |
| 63 | — | |
| No. | Assignee | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 64 | Eastman Kodak | Plus-X, Tri-X |
| 65 | — (was 3M) | |
| 66 | Ferrania | ? |
| 67 | Eastman Kodak | T-MAX |
| 68 | Era Photo | Era Color |
| 69 | — | |
| 70 | Eastman Kodak | ? |
| 71 | — | |
| 72 | Konica Minolta (APS) | ? |
| 73 | — | |
| 74 | — | |
| 75 | — | |
| 76 | — | |
| 77 | Konica Minolta | ? |
| 78 | Eastman Kodak | B&W+, Gold, Proimage, Profoto |
| 79 | Eastman Kodak | BW400CN, Kodacolor, Portra |
| No. | Assignee | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 80 | Eastman Kodak | ? |
| 81 | Eastman Kodak | ? |
| 82 | Eastman Kodak | Max, Gold, Ultima |
| 83 | Eastman Kodak | ? |
| 84 | Eastman Kodak | Kodachrome |
| 85 | Ferrania | Imation Color |
| 86 | Ferrania (APS) | ? |
| 87 | Ferrania | Color FG |
| 88 | Shanghai General | Shenguang, Shanghai, Seagull, Rainbow |
| 89 | — | |
| 90 | China Lucky Film | B/W SHD |
| 91 | Eastman Kodak (APS) | ? |
| 92 | Eastman Kodak | ? |
| 93 | Eastman Kodak | Plus Digital |
| 94 | Eastman Kodak (APS) | ? |
| 95 | Eastman Kodak | Professional, High Definition, Traffic |
| No. | Assignee | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 96 | Eastman Kodak | MAX, Portra, Gold, Kodacolor |
| 97 | Eastman Kodak | B&W, Color Negative |
| 98 | Xiamen Fuda | Pan, GA |
| 99 | — | |
| 100 | China Lucky Film | Color Super |
| 101 | — | |
| 102 | — | |
| 103 | — | |
| 104 | — | |
| 105 | Ilford Photo | ? |
| 106 | Ilford Photo | ? |
| 107 | Ilford Photo | ? |
| 108 | Ilford Photo | Universal, Delta |
| 109 | Ilford Photo | Pan, Delta, HP5, FP4 |
| 110 | Ilford Photo | XP1, XP2 |
| 111 | — | |
| No. | Assignee | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 112 | Eastman Kodak | Portra |
| 113 | Agfa-Gevaert | Agfacolor HDC / Vista |
| 114 | — | |
| 115 | Agfa-Gevaert | Perutz SC / Primera |
| 116 | Eastman Kodak | Kodachrome |
| 117 | — | |
| 118 | — | |
| 119 | — (was ORWO) | |
| 120 | ORWO Media | Color CNS |
| 121 | ORWO Media | Color CNS |
| 122 | ORWO Media | Color CNN / OCN |
| 123 | ORWO Media | Orwopan |
| 124 | — | |
| 125 | — | |
| 126 | — | |
| 127 | — | |
The DX film canister barcode is printed in human-readable text and also represented as an Interleaved 2 of 5 barcode, located between the electrically read silver and black DX Camera Auto-Sensing Code and the film cartridge exit lip. The size and position conform to the ANSI/NAPM IT1.14:1994 standard. Some film-processing machines optically scan the barcode when the cartridge is inserted for developing. [2]
This film canister barcode is a six-digit number in the format PHHHHE, where:
For 135 film cartridges the DX number is hashed to produce the four-digit code HHHH. To generate this code, the combination code (aka DX Number Part 1) is multiplied by 16 and added to the specifier number (aka DX Number Part 2). The result is prefixed with zeroes, if necessary, to make four digits. For the Agfa film assigned DX number 115-4 above, the hashed 4-digit code would be 1844:
The DX number can be recovered from the hashed code by dividing by 16, which gives the Part 1 number as the largest whole integer and the Part 2 number as the remainder:
The suffix digit E is a code digit for the number of full-frame exposures: 1 is for 12 exposures, 2 for 20 exposures, 3 for 24, 4 for 36, 5 for 48, 6 for 60, 0 for 72 and 7 for non-standard lengths such as 24 + 3.
Most film produced since 1983 contains barcodes along the bottom edge of the film, recorded in two parallel tracks. The upper track (closer to the sprocket holes) is called the "clock track" and the lower track (along the edge of the film) is called the "data track"; the data track contains the unhashed DX number. [1] [3] However, unlike the film canister DX number bar code, each frame or half-frame's data track code does not provide information about the total number of frames available in the roll.
The data track consists of: [4] [5] : §6
This information identifies manufacturers and chemistry associated with their various film types. If the manufacturer and type of film negative is unknown, the data track can be examined to identify this information. The frame number and half-frame indicator are extensions to the original data track, added by Kodak in 1990. [4]
| Position: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | — | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | — | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Entry code | Film product class (79 in this example) | — | Film specifier (e.g., 15) | Frame no. (e.g., 23) | Half- frame | — | Parity | Exit code | ||||||||||||||||||||||
For each of the three encoded numerals, the most significant digit is on the left and the least significant digit is on the right; for example, the film class is a seven-bit number encoded in positions 2 through 8; position 8 is the least significant digit, and position 2 is the most significant digit. In this example, the binary number encoded (1001111) for the film class is equal to 79 (base-10). The parity bit is set or left blank to ensure the total number of "1" bits in positions 1 through 12 plus the parity bit is even. In this example, there are nine "1" bits in positions 1 through 12, so the parity bit is set.
In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunications, error detection and correction (EDAC) or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels. Many communication channels are subject to channel noise, and thus errors may be introduced during transmission from the source to a receiver. Error detection techniques allow detecting such errors, while error correction enables reconstruction of the original data in many cases.
Keykode is an Eastman Kodak Company advancement on edge numbers, which are letters, numbers and symbols placed at regular intervals along the edge of 35 mm and 16 mm film to allow for frame-by-frame specific identification. It was introduced in 1990.
In computer science and telecommunications, Hamming codes are a family of linear error-correcting codes. Hamming codes can detect one-bit and two-bit errors, or correct one-bit errors without detection of uncorrected errors. By contrast, the simple parity code cannot correct errors, and can detect only an odd number of bits in error. Hamming codes are perfect codes, that is, they achieve the highest possible rate for codes with their block length and minimum distance of three. Richard W. Hamming invented Hamming codes in 1950 as a way of automatically correcting errors introduced by punched card readers. In his original paper, Hamming elaborated his general idea, but specifically focused on the Hamming(7,4) code which adds three parity bits to four bits of data.
A two-out-of-five code is a constant-weight code that provides exactly ten possible combinations of two bits, and is thus used for representing the decimal digits using five bits. Each bit is assigned a weight, such that the set bits sum to the desired value, with an exception for zero.
The Universal Product Code is a barcode symbology that is used worldwide for tracking trade items in stores.
A barcode or bar code is a method of representing data in a visual, machine-readable form. Initially, barcodes represented data by varying the widths, spacings and sizes of parallel lines. These barcodes, now commonly referred to as linear or one-dimensional (1D), can be scanned by special optical scanners, called barcode readers, of which there are several types.
A vehicle identification number is a unique code, including a serial number, used by the automotive industry to identify individual motor vehicles, towed vehicles, motorcycles, scooters and mopeds, as defined by the International Organization for Standardization in ISO 3779 and ISO 4030.
135 film, more popularly referred to as 35 mm film or 35 mm, is a format of photographic film with a film gauge of 35 mm (1.4 in) loaded into a standardized type of magazine for use in 135 film cameras.
126 film is a cartridge-based film format used in still photography. It was introduced by Kodak in 1963, and is associated mainly with low-end point-and-shoot cameras, particularly Kodak's own Instamatic series of cameras.
Advanced Photo System (APS) is a film format for still photography first marketed in 1996 and discontinued in 2011. It was sold by various manufacturers under several brand names, including Eastman Kodak (Advantix), FujiFilm (Nexia), Agfa (Futura) and Konica (Centuria).
DX encoding is a standard for marking 35 mm and APS photographic film and film cartridges, originally introduced by Kodak in 1983. It includes multiple markings, which are a latent image barcode on the bottom edge of the film, below the sprocket holes, a conductive pattern on the cartridge used by automatic cameras, and a barcode on the cartridge read by photo-finishing machines.
Roll film or rollfilm is any type of spool-wound photographic film protected from white light exposure by a paper backing. The term originated in contrast to sheet film. Confusingly, roll film was originally often referred to as "cartridge" film because of its resemblance to a shotgun cartridge.
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Interleaved 2 of 5 (ITF) is a continuous two-width barcode symbology encoding digits. It is used commercially on 135 film, for ITF-14 barcodes, and on cartons of some products, while the products inside are labeled with UPC or EAN. ITF was created by David Allais, who also invented barcodes Code 39, Code 11, Code 93, and Code 49.
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The Intelligent Mail Barcode (IMb) is a 65-bar barcode for use on mail in the United States. The term "Intelligent Mail" refers to services offered by the United States Postal Service for domestic mail delivery. The IM barcode is intended to provide greater information and functionality than its predecessors POSTNET and PLANET. An Intelligent Mail barcode has also been referred to as a One Code Solution and a 4-State Customer Barcode, abbreviated 4CB, 4-CB or USPS4CB. The complete specification can be found in USPS Document USPS-B-3200. It effectively incorporates the routing ZIP Code and tracking information included in previously used postal barcode standards.
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Industrial 2 of 5. is a variable length, discrete, two width symbology. Industrial 2 of 5 is a subset of two-out-of-five codes.
