Dalyare Sool-Daryare Dariali | |
---|---|
Nugaal Valley | |
Type | Anti-colonial fort |
Site information | |
Condition | Partially intact |
Site history | |
Built | 1911 |
Built by | Ali Jalah |
In use | Abandoned |
Dalyare fort is an open-top Dhulbahante garesa of the Darawiish era which was ordered built by the Dervish as a strategy for countering the colonization efforts of the Europeans [ citation needed ]. The building is located in the Nugaal Valley a few miles east of Las Anod. The purpose of the Dalyare fort was to serve as a refuge and escape route for Darawiish retreating from colonial forces who intend to head south towards the Shabelle River. However, retrospectively, some analysts have described the building as a setback to the previous tactic of maneuverability on the part of the Darawiish. Cali Jalax was the builder. The native Darawiish referred to the building as Sool-Daryare. On the other hand, the colonialists who launched attacks against the Darawiish referred to the building as Dariali. [1] [2]
The book Ferro e fuoco in Somalia by former Italian Somalia governor Francesco Caroselli, it records the causes and circumstances of the Darawiish abandonment of Dalyare and other forts. The letter, originally in Arabic, but since translated to Italian and Somali records correspondance between the Sayid and the Italian Somali governor Giacomo De Martino stating that the forts were abandoned because the Dhulbahante tribe, one of the clans the Dervishes comprised, [3] had by and large surrendered. [4] [5]
Bisha Abriil, horraanteedii, waxaa ka yimid Daraawiishta Beled Weyne, warqad dhambaal Wadaadku ku soo toosiyey Talyaaniga, una nisbeynaayo kala tagga dadkiisa raacsanaa ee Dhulbahante ahaa, codsanayana inaan u dhex galno isaga iyo Ingiriiska. | At the beginning of April, a letter was sent from the Darawiish base at Beledweyne, containing a message from the Sayid to the Italians, wherein he clarifies the dispersal of the mainstay tribe of the Darawiish, i.e. the Dhulbahante, and where he seeks Italian mediation between the British and himself. |
Battle of Dul Madoba It is the location of a famous battle in which the Dervishes won a victory against the British, during which Ibraahin Xoorane killed Richard Corfield. A native Somali account of the battle is found in the poem Annagoo Taleex naal.
The Ogaden is one of the major Somali clans.
Aw Jama Omar Issa commonly known as Aw Jaamac, was a Somali scholar, historian and collector of oral literature of Somalia. He wrote the first authoritative study of Dervishes, the polity of monarch Diiriye Guure.
Dodai, also called Doddi or Dodhais is a border-locality in the Sool region of Somaliland, opposite to Geida Debabo which is across the border in the Garowe District in Somalia.
Taleh is a historical town in the eastern Sool region of Somalia. As of September 2015, both Puntland and Somalia had nominal influence or control in Taleh and it's vicinity. The town served as the capital of the pre-independence Dervish movement.
Goryasan, also known as Goriasan was the headquarters of the Dervish movement in 1910, and is contemporarily a ruin and vestige located seven kilometers to the northeast of the town of Taleh. It was the former location of the Xarun in 1910 after it moved from Gaulo, which is also in the Taleh District. There are also other Darawiish heritage sites immediately to the east of Taleh such as Halin, and Dhummay which is halfway between Taleh and Halin, both of which used to have Darawiish fortifications. The year when the Darawiish xarun was settled at Goryasan was known as the Xaaraamacune era.
Richard Conyngham Corfield was a British colonial police officer who saw service in South Africa, Nigeria, India, Kenya and Somalia in the early 20th century. His death at the hands of Darawiish Ibraahin Xoorane and Axmed Aarey was chronicled in the poem Annagoo Taleex naal.
Garad Saleban Garad Mohamed was a Somali clan leader. He was the supreme Garad of the Mohamoud Garad and the second most senior traditional leader of the Dhulbahante clan.
Docmo or Damot is a town in Werder Zone of the Somali Region in Ethiopia. The exact district or woreda of Docmo is Bookh also called Boh. The locality is often incorrectly transliterated in various ways, including Damot by Europeans, or as Domo or Domco by the Somalis. Docmo is adjacent to the nearby locality of Las Suban, which is slightly north. It is located a few miles southwest of the border of Dharkeyn Genyo. The first stand-off between the main Darwiish army and the British army occurred in June 1901 in the town of Domco after the Darwiish army retreated from Baran in Sool province, formerly known as Nugaal territory and made Docmo their headquarters with 3,000 men being stationed there.
Gumburka Cagaare, or simply Cagaare is a town in the Somali Region of Ethiopia, near the border with Somaliland.
Haroun, also called Fadhiweyn, and natively transliterated as Xarunta in Somali, was a government and headquarters of the Dervishes, headed by Faarax Mahmud Sugulle. According to Claude Edward Marjoribanks Dansey, the political officer in the British Somali Coast Protectorate consisted of 400 individuals. The capture of the haroun was regarded as conceivably resulting in the Sayyid's surrender. In the third expedition, major Paul Kenna was tasked "by every means" to find where the haroun is.
Haji Yusuf Barre was the commander at the battle of Jidbali, the largest and deadliest engagement between the dervishes and the British empire in the Horn of Africa. Haji Yusuf Barre is also noted for being the person whom held the last stand at the Dhulbahante garesa at Taleh, in the aftermath of the bombings at Taleh wherein Taleh became the first place to be targeted in Africa through aerial attacks.
Kaladi Madlay was the head of a portion of the Huwan region in the early 1900s decade as well as the highest ranked avowed Ogaden within the Darawiish in the early years of this decade until his purported desertion in 1903. He was succeeded as leader of the Huwan region by Hamed Sultan.
Ciid or 'Iid is an archaic native geographic name for the land between the region of Mudug and the Nugaal Valley, roughly congruous with the northern Bookh district in Ethiopia. As such, Ciid constitutes the tripoint of the former three colonial powers Abyssinia, Britain and Italy, thus situating Mudug immediately southeast of Ciid, the Nugaal Valley immediately north of Ciid, and Haud to the west of Ciid. One historian referred to it as the syrup-colored land and it is today embodied by Ciid towns such as Xamxam, Magacley, Qoriley, Biriqodey, Beerdhiga and Gumburka Cagaare.
Jidali fort was a cross-shaped fort of the Dervish era located in the town of Jidali in Sanaag, Somalia and is also the first place in Africa to be bombed via aerial bombardment by a tally of four sorties of De Havilland DH-9's on 21 January 1920. An April 1920 letter between the Sayid and Italian-Somali governor Giacomo De Martino states that the Dervishes built a total of twenty-seven forts which are described as Dhulbahante garesas.
Adan Ali Gurey was a political advisor in the Darawiish, an anti-colonial instigator, the commander of Golaweyne, a chieftain of the Dhulbahante, and an arms supplier.
Dhowre Ali Sheneeleh was the castellan of the Darawiish fort / Dhulbahante garesa of Eyl, whilst the governor of Nugaaleed-Bari for the Darawiish was Ali Meggar. He was also the primary commander which spearheaded opposition to Abyssinian expansionism towards the east in the 1900s.
The Mohamoud Garad is a Somali clan. Its members form a part of the Dhulbahante, a sub-division of the Harti/Darod clan-family. The clan is divided into three main sub-clans ― namely the Jama Siad, the Ugaadhyahan and Omar Wa’eys.
The Baho Nugaaleed, is a division of Somali clan that is part of the Dhulbahante clan-family. The primary homeland of these clans include the regions of Sool and Togdheer in Somaliland, the Lower Juba region in Somalia and the Dollo Zone in Ethiopia. The Bah Nugaaleed are composed of three major sub-groups in accordance with their locality in the SSCD regions. These groups are Qayaad, the Ugaasyo, the Reer Aymeed and Reer Oodeed.
The Dhulbahante Garadship is presumed to have began in the 16th century with Garad Shishore assuming the royal title in approximately 1530. During the 19th century, the Dhulbahante garadate morphed into a dual monarchy. The current Garad, Garad Jama Garad Ali hails from this long line of succession.