Related Research Articles
Genocide is violence that targets individuals because of their membership of a group and aims at the destruction of a people.
Genocide denial is the attempt to deny or minimize the scale and severity of an instance of genocide. Denial is an integral part of genocide and includes the secret planning of genocide, propaganda while the genocide is going on, and destruction of evidence of mass killings. According to genocide researcher Gregory Stanton, denial "is among the surest indicators of further genocidal massacres".
Sinhalisation is a term derived from Sinhala that has a number of meanings in Sri Lanka. It mainly refers to the assimilation into Sinhalese culture in which the members of another ethno-cultural group are steadily integrated or absorbed into established Sinhalese culture.
Indigenous decolonization describes ongoing theoretical and political processes whose goal is to contest and reframe narratives about indigenous community histories and the effects of colonial expansion, cultural assimilation, exploitative Western research, and often though not inherent, genocide. Indigenous people engaged in decolonization work adopt a critical stance towards western-centric research practices and discourse and seek to reposition knowledge within Indigenous cultural practices.
Ecocide is the destruction of the environment by humans. Ecocide threatens all human populations who are dependent on natural resources for maintaining ecosystems and ensuring their ability to support future generations. The Independent Expert Panel for the Legal Definition of Ecocide describes it as "unlawful or wanton acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of severe and either widespread or long-term damage to the environment being caused by those acts".
The genocide of indigenous peoples, colonial genocide, or settler genocide is the elimination of indigenous peoples as a part of the process of colonialism.
Settler colonialism is a logic and structure of displacement by settlers, using colonial rule, over an environment for replacing it and its indigenous peoples with settlements and the society of the settlers.
Indigenous feminism is an intersectional theory and practice of feminism that focuses on decolonization, Indigenous sovereignty, and human rights for Indigenous women and their families. The focus is to empower Indigenous women in the context of Indigenous cultural values and priorities, rather than mainstream, white, patriarchal ones. In this cultural perspective, it can be compared to womanism in the African-American communities.
Anthony Dirk Moses is an Australian scholar who researches various aspects of genocide. In 2022 he became the Anne and Bernard Spitzer Professor of Political Science at the City College of New York, after having been the Frank Porter Graham Distinguished Professor of Global Human Rights History at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He is a leading scholar of genocide, especially in colonial contexts, as well as of the political development of the concept itself. He is known for coining the term racial century in reference to the period 1850–1950. He is editor-in-chief of the Journal of Genocide Research.
Green grabbing or green colonialism is the foreign land grabbing and appropriation of resources for environmental purposes, resulting in a pattern of unjust development. The purposes of green grabbing are varied; it can be done for ecotourism, conservation of biodiversity or ecosystem services, for carbon emission trading, or for biofuel production. It involves governments, NGOs, and corporations, often working in alliances. Green grabs can result in local residents' displacement from land where they live or make their livelihoods. It is considered to be a subtype of green imperialism.
Settler colonialism in Canada refers to the process and effects of colonization on the Indigenous peoples of Canada. As colonization progressed, Indigenous peoples were subject to policies of forced assimilation and cultural genocide. Governments in Canada in many cases ignored or chose to deny the aboriginal title of First Nations. The traditional governance of many of the First Nations was replaced with government-imposed structures. Many Indigenous cultural practices were banned.
The connection between colonialism and genocide has been explored in academic research. According to historian Patrick Wolfe, "[t]he question of genocide is never far from discussions of settler colonialism." Historians have commented that although colonialism does not necessarily directly involve genocide, research suggests that the two share a connection.
The Problems of Genocide: Permanent Security and the Language of Transgression is a 2021 book by Australian historian A. Dirk Moses. The book explores what Moses sees as flaws in the concept of genocide, which he argues allows killings of civilians that do not resemble the Holocaust to be ignored. Moses proposes "permanent security" as an alternative to the concept of genocide. The book was described as important, but his emphasis on security is considered only one factor to be causing mass violence.
This is a select annotated bibliography of scholarly English language books and journal articles about the subject of genocide studies; for bibliographies of genocidal acts or events, please see the See also section for individual articles. A brief selection of English translations of primary sources is included for items related to the development of genocide studies. Book entries may have references to journal articles and reviews as annotations. Additional bibliographies can be found in many of the book-length works listed below; see Further Reading for several book and chapter-length bibliographies. The External links section contains entries for publicly available materials on the development of genocide studies.
Denial of genocides of Indigenous peoples consists of a claim that has denied any of the multiple genocides and atrocity crimes, which have been committed against Indigenous peoples. The denialism claim contradicts the academic consensus, which acknowledges that genocide was committed. The claim is a form of denialism, genocide denial, historical negationism and historical revisionism. The atrocity crimes include genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and ethnic cleansing.
Indigenous response to colonialism has varied depending on the Indigenous group, historical period, territory, and colonial state(s) they have interacted with. Indigenous peoples have had agency in their response to colonialism. They have employed armed resistance, diplomacy, and legal procedures. Others have fled to inhospitable, undesirable or remote territories to avoid conflict. Nevertheless, some Indigenous peoples were forced to move to reservations or reductions, and work in mines, plantations, construction, and domestic tasks. They have detribalized and culturally assimilated into colonial societies. On occasion, Indigenous peoples have formed alliances with one or more Indigenous or non-Indigenous nations. Overall, the response of Indigenous peoples to colonialism during this period has been diverse and varied in its effectiveness. Indigenous resistance has a centuries-long history that is complex and carries on into contemporary times.
Ragnhild Sollund is a Norwegian professor and author. She is professor of Criminology at the University of Oslo. Sollund has published widely in the area of migration, violence, police racial profiling and green criminology particularly relating to wildlife conservation. She is internationally recognized as one of the pioneers of green criminology, which studies the relationship between nature and society in a eco-global perspective, as well as the harms and crimes humans cause the natural environment and nonhuman animals.
Apologies to Indigenous peoples refer to apologies extended by political leaders or representatives, acting on behalf of a political entity or nation, to acknowledge and express remorse for some historical wrong.
David Samuel Trigger is an Australian anthropologist, author, and academic. He is a Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at the University of Queensland (UQ) as well as adjunct professor at the University of Western Australia (UWA). He is a Member and previous Co-Chair of the Professor Ronald Berndt and Dr. Catherine Berndt Research Foundation at UWA and has served as the Co-Director of the Centre for Native Title Anthropology at the Australian National University. He is the Principal Partner in David S. Trigger & Associates consulting anthropologists.
Throughout the history of Canada, the Canadian government have been accused of many atrocities variously described as ethnic cleansing, crimes against humanity, ethnocide and genocide, against the Indigenous peoples in Canada. There is debate among scholars about the designation used and if the term genocide even applies to Canada's experience.
References
- 1 2 3 https://commonwealth.sas.ac.uk/people/professor-damien-short
- ↑ https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/fjhr20/about-this-journal#editorial-board
- 1 2 https://research.london.ac.uk/search/staff/113/professor-damien-short/
- ↑ https://www.rightsofnaturetribunal.org/judges/damien-short/
- ↑ https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/13624806100140010503?download=true&journalCode=tcra
- ↑ https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0020715216686849?journalCode=cosa
- ↑ Duerr, Glen (1 June 2009). "Book Review: Reconciliation and Colonial Power". Ethnopolitics. 8 (2): 263–266. doi:10.1080/17449050902808524. S2CID 142245070.
- ↑ Krieken, Robert van (March 2009). "Reconciliation and Colonial Power: Indigenous Rights in Australia". Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews. 38 (2): 178–179. doi:10.1177/009430610903800240. S2CID 144168446.
- ↑ Kößler, R. (2017). Rezension: Damien Short: Redefining Genocide. Settler Colonialism, Social Death and Ecocide. [Rezension des Buches Redefining genocide: settler colonialism, social death and ecocide, von D. Short]. PERIPHERIE - Politik, Ökonomie, Kultur, 37(3), 523-526. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-58852-1
- ↑ McClanahan, Bill (1 September 2018). "Thinking and Doing Green Criminology". Critical Criminology. 26 (3): 443–446. doi:10.1007/s10612-018-9395-x. ISSN 1572-9877. S2CID 254416503.
- ↑ Docker, John (2017). "Reconceptualising Settler-Colonialism and Genocide with Special Reference to Palestine, Sri Lanka and Australia: Reflections on Damien Short's Redefining Genocide: Settler Colonialism, Social Death and Ecocide". Journal of Holy Land and Palestine Studies. 16 (1): 27–45. doi:10.3366/hlps.2017.0151.
- ↑ Redefining Genocide: Settler Colonialism, Social Death and Ecocide Stevenson, Shaun A. Studies in Social Justice; Windsor Vol. 11, Iss. 2, (2017): 400. https://journals.library.brocku.ca/index.php/SSJ/article/view/1523/1486