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Daniel Bernhofen is a professor of international economics in the School of International Service at American University.
Bernhofen previously was professor of international economics and director of the Globalisation and Economic Policy Research Centre at the University of Nottingham. Bernhofen's research has included work that uses the opening of Japan to foreign trade in the 19th century to test comparative advantage and international trade theory. [1]
Bernhofen has published articles on the theoretical, empirical and historical aspects of international trade in peer-reviewed journals such as the American Economic Review , the Journal of Political Economy and the Journal of International Economics . He is co-editor of the Palgrave Handbook of International Trade. His research has been funded by the National Science Foundation, the Leverhulme Trust, the British Academy and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. [2]
Bernhofen received a PhD in Economics and a Master in Science in Mathematics from the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse University, and a Diplom from the University of Ulm. [1]
Comparative advantage in an economic model is the advantage over others in producing a particular good. A good can be produced at a lower relative opportunity cost or autarky price, i.e. at a lower relative marginal cost prior to trade. Comparative advantage describes the economic reality of the gains from trade for individuals, firms, or nations, which arise from differences in their factor endowments or technological progress.
Development economics is a branch of economics that deals with economic aspects of the development process in low- and middle- income countries. Its focus is not only on methods of promoting economic development, economic growth and structural change but also on improving the potential for the mass of the population, for example, through health, education and workplace conditions, whether through public or private channels.
International political economy (IPE) is the study of how politics shapes the global economy and how the global economy shapes politics. A key focus in IPE is on the power of different actors such as nation states, international organizations and multinational corporations to shape the international economic system and the distributive consequences of international economic activity. It has been described as the study of "the political battle between the winners and losers of global economic exchange."
International economics is concerned with the effects upon economic activity from international differences in productive resources and consumer preferences and the international institutions that affect them. It seeks to explain the patterns and consequences of transactions and interactions between the inhabitants of different countries, including trade, investment and transaction.
New trade theory (NTT) is a collection of economic models in international trade theory which focuses on the role of increasing returns to scale and network effects, which were originally developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The main motivation for the development of NTT was that, contrary to what traditional trade models would suggest, the majority of the world trade takes place between countries that are similar in terms of development, structure, and factor endowments.
In economics, the Leontief's paradox is that a country with a higher capital per worker has a lower capital/labor ratio in exports than in imports.
The gravity model of international trade in international economics is a model that, in its traditional form, predicts bilateral trade flows based on the economic sizes and distance between two units. Research shows that there is "overwhelming evidence that trade tends to fall with distance."
Applied economics is the application of economic theory and econometrics in specific settings. As one of the two sets of fields of economics, it is typically characterized by the application of the core, i.e. economic theory and econometrics to address practical issues in a range of fields including demographic economics, labour economics, business economics, industrial organization, agricultural economics, development economics, education economics, engineering economics, financial economics, health economics, monetary economics, public economics, and economic history. From the perspective of economic development, the purpose of applied economics is to enhance the quality of business practices and national policy making.
Alan V. Deardorff is the John W. Sweetland Professor Emeritus of International Economics and a Professor Emeritus of Public Policy at the University of Michigan Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, Ann Arbor. Deardorff received his Ph.D. in Economics from Cornell University in 1971.
Ricardian economics are the economic theories of David Ricardo, an English political economist born in 1772 who made a fortune as a stockbroker and loan broker. At the age of 27, he read An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith and was energised by the theories of economics.
Pranab Bardhan is an Indian economist who has taught and worked in the United States since 1979. He is Professor Emeritus of Economics at the University of California, Berkeley.
Stephen Charles Smith is an economist, author, and educator. He is Chair of the Department of Economics, and Professor of Economics and International Affairs at George Washington University. He is also a Research Fellow of the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
Colm Kearney (1954–2018) was an Irish economist and academic, who was dean of the Faculty of Business and Economics at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, until 2017, shortly before his death on 28 March 2018.
International trade theory is a sub-field of economics which analyzes the patterns of international trade, its origins, and its welfare implications. International trade policy has been highly controversial since the 18th century. International trade theory and economics itself have developed as means to evaluate the effects of trade policies.
Masahiko Aoki was a Japanese economist, Tomoye and Henri Takahashi Professor Emeritus of Japanese Studies in the Economics Department, and Senior Fellow of the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research and Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University. Aoki was known for his work in comparative institutional analysis, corporate governance, the theory of the firm, and comparative East Asian development.
Martin Carnoy is an American labour economist and Vida Jacks Professor of Education at the Stanford Graduate School of Education. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Education as well as of the International Academy of Education. Professor Carnoy has graduated nearly 100 PhD students, a record at Stanford University.
Peter H. Egger is an Austrian economist who currently works as Professor of Applied Economics at the ETH Zurich. His research areas are industrial economics, innovation and international competition. In 2011, he was awarded the Gossen Prize for his contributions to economic research. His brother Hartmut is professor of economics at the University of Bayreuth.
Ann E. Harrison was the 15th Dean of the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley, and the second woman to head the top-ranked business school. Dean Harrison is an economist and one of the most highly-cited scholars on foreign investment and multinational firms.
Matilde Bombardini is an Italian economist, who is a professor of Economics of International Trade at the Vancouver School of Economics at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver. She is a fellow of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) in the Institutions, Organisations & Growth Program since June 2007 and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) for the Political Economy Program since April 2009.
Robert Christopher Feenstra is an American economist, academic and author. He is the C. Bryan Cameron Distinguished Chair in International Economics at University of California, Davis. He served as the director of the International Trade and Investment Program at the National Bureau of Economic Research from 1992 to 2016. He also served as Associate Dean in the Social Sciences at the University of California, Davis from 2014 to 2019.
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