| Danish Runic Inscription 66 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Created | c. 1000 |
| Discovered | Aarhus, Jutland, Denmark |
| Rundata ID | DR 66 |
| Runemaster | unknown |
| Text – Native | |
| Old Norse : See article. | |
| Translation | |
| See article. | |
Danish Runic Inscription 66 or DR 66, also known as the Mask stone, is a granite Viking Age memorial runestone that was discovered in Aarhus, Denmark. The inscription features a facial mask and memorializes a man who died in a battle.
The runestone is famous for bearing a depiction of a facial mask and an Old Norse runic inscription mentioning a battle between kings, which also appears on Västergötland Runic Inscription 40. There is insufficient evidence to establish which battle the inscription refers to, but the Battle of Svolder (c.1000) [1] and the Battle of Helgeån (1026) have been proposed as candidates. [2] The mask depicted has been explained by the Moesgård Museum as "probably intended to be protection against evil spirits". [1] Other inscriptions using a facial mask, which was a common motif, include DR 62 in Sjelle, DR 81 in Skern, DR 258 in Bösarp, the now-lost DR 286 in Hunnestad, DR 314 in Lund, DR 335 in Västra Strö, Vg 106 in Lassegården, Sö 86 in Åby ägor, Sö 112 in Kolunda, Sö 167 in Landshammar, Sö 367 in Släbro, Nä 34 in Nasta, U 508 in Gillberga, U 670 in Rölunda, U 678 in Skokloster, U 824 in Holms, U 1034 in Tensta, and U 1150 in Björklinge, and on the Sjellebro Stone. [3]
The stone may have originally been located along the important road into Aarhus from the west, as it was found with most of the other runestones in Aarhus in buildings adjoining this important road. [1] In the Mask Stone's case, it was discovered beneath Aarhus Mill in 1850, [4] where the city park Mølleparken ("The Mill Park") now exists. [1] The stone is currently on exhibition at the Moesgård Museum, the logo of which was inspired by the stone's mask. [1]
The runic text indicates that the stone was raised by four men as a memorial to a man named Fúl. The relationship between the men is described as a félag , which was a joint financial venture between partners during the Viking Age. [5] Other runestones that use a form of the term félag include Sö 292 in Bröta, Vg 112 in Ås, Vg 122 in Abrahamstorp, the now-lost Vg 146 in Slöta, Vg 182 in Skattegården, U 391 in Villa Karlsro, the now-lost U 954 in Söderby, DR 1 in Haddeby, DR 68 in Århus, DR 125 in Dalbyover, DR 127 in Hobro, DR 262 in Fosie, DR 270 in Skivarp, DR 279 in Sjörup, DR 316 in Norra Nöbbelöv, DR 318 in Håstad, DR 321 in Västra Karaby, DR 329 and DR 330 in Gårdstånga, DR 339 in Stora Köpinge, and X UaFv1914;47 in Berezanj, Ukraina.
⁑
kunulfʀ
Gunnulfr
Gunulfʀ
⁑
auk
ok
ok
⁑
augutr
Eygautr/Auðgautr
Øgotr/Øþgotr
⁑
auk
ok
ok
⁑
aslakʀ
Áslakr
Aslakʀ
⁑
auk
ok
ok
⁑
rulfʀ
Hrólfr
Rolfʀ
⁑
risþu
reistu
resþu
Gunnulfr and Eygautr/Auðgautr and Áslakr and Hrólfr raised
⁑
stin
stein
sten
⁑
þansi
þenna
þænsi
⁑
eftiʀ
eptir
æftiʀ
×
ful
Fúl/Full/Fyl,
Ful/Full/Fyl,
⁑
fela(k)a
félaga
felaga
⁑
sin
sinn,
sin,
⁑ ¶ ⁑
iaʀ
er
æʀ
⁑
uarþ
varð
warþ
(⁑)
…y--
…
…
×
tuþr
dauðr,
døþr,
⁑
this stone in memory of Fúll/Fullr/Fylr, their partner, who died
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The Sædinge Runestone or DR 217 is a Viking Age runestone engraved in Old Norse with the Younger Futhark runic alphabet. It is in granite and measures 174 cm in height, 79 m in width and it is 69 cm thick, and it is dated to the period 970–1020. The style of the runestone is the runestone style RAK. It was discovered in 1854, during the plowing of a field near an old ford. However, it was split in nine pieces and spread around before it was noticed that there were runes on them. It took several searches to find all the pieces. Only the top piece is missing but it is known from an old drawing. The stone is presently located at the Stiftsmuseum in Maribo on Lolland, Denmark. In 2014, it was moved inside the building.
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