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This article is about the current party. For the party of the early 19th century that was also called Republican, see Democratic-Republican party.
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Discrimination based on skin color, also known as colorism or shadeism, is a form of prejudice and discrimination in which people of certain ethnic groups or people who are perceived as belonging to a darker-skinned race are treated differently based on their darker skin color.
A political campaign is an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making progress within a specific group. In democracies, political campaigns often refer to electoral campaigns, by which representatives are chosen or referendums are decided. In modern politics, the most high-profile political campaigns are focused on general elections and candidates for head of state or head of government, often a president or prime minister.
Political polarization is the divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes.
Canvassing, also known as door knocking or phone banking, is the systematic initiation of direct contact with individuals, commonly used during political campaigns. Canvassing can be done for many reasons: political campaigning, grassroots fundraising, community awareness, membership drives, and more. Campaigners knock on doors to contact people personally. Canvassing is used by political parties and issue groups to identify supporters, persuade the undecided, and add voters to the voters list through voter registration, and it is central to get out the vote operations. It is the core element of what political campaigns call the ground game or field.
"Get out the vote" or "getting out the vote" (GOTV) describes efforts aimed at increasing the voter turnout in elections. In countries that do not have or enforce compulsory voting, voter turnout can be low, sometimes even below a third of the eligible voter pool. GOTV efforts typically attempt to register voters, then get them to vote, by absentee ballot, early voting or election day voting. GOTV is generally not required for elections when there are effective compulsory voting systems in place, other than perhaps to register first time voters.
Field experiments are experiments carried out outside of laboratory settings.
A "welfare queen" is a derogatory term used in the United States to describe individuals who are perceived to misuse or abuse the welfare system, often through fraudulent means, child endangerment, or manipulation. The media's coverage of welfare fraud began in the early 1960s and was featured in general-interest publications such as Reader's Digest. The term gained widespread recognition following media reporting in 1974 regarding the case of Linda Taylor. It was further popularized by Ronald Reagan during Reagan's 1976 presidential campaign when he frequently used the term and cited Taylor's story in his speeches.
Jonathan David Haidt is an American social psychologist and author. He is the Thomas Cooley Professor of Ethical Leadership at the New York University Stern School of Business. His main areas of study are the psychology of morality and moral emotions.
Joshua David Angrist is an Israeli–American economist and Ford Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Angrist, together with Guido Imbens, was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 2021 "for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships".
Low information voters, also known as misinformation voters, are people who may vote yet are generally poorly informed about issues. The phrase is mainly used in the United States and has become popular since the mid-1990s.
Voter ID laws in the United States are laws that require a person to provide some form of official identification before they are permitted to register to vote, receive a ballot for an election, or to actually vote in elections in the United States.
Donald Philip Green is a political scientist and quantitative methodologist at Columbia University. Green's primary research interests lie in the development of statistical methods for field experiments and their application to American voting behavior.
"When contact changes minds: An experiment on transmission of support for gay equality" is a fraudulent article by then-UCLA political science graduate student Michael LaCour and Columbia University political science professor Donald Green. The article was published in the academic journal Science in December 2014, and retracted in May 2015 after it emerged that the data in the study had been forged by LaCour. The article purported to demonstrate that people's minds on the issue of gay marriage could be changed by conversations with gay canvassers, but not with straight canvassers.
The Berkeley Initiative for Transparency in the Social Sciences, abbreviated BITSS, is an academic initiative dedicated to advancing transparency, reproducibility, and openness in social science research. It was established in 2012 by the University of California, Berkeley's Center for Effective Global Action. It has worked with the Center for Open Science to define and promote a set of best practices for social scientists to maximize transparency in their research. BITSS has also worked to promote registered reports, supporting journals like the Journal of Development Economics in taking up the review track.
Political polarization is a prominent component of politics in the United States. Scholars distinguish between ideological polarization and affective polarization, both of which are apparent in the United States. In the last few decades, the U.S. has experienced a greater surge in ideological polarization and affective polarization than comparable democracies.
Deep canvassing is a structured interview that uses long empathic conversations with the intention of shifting participant's beliefs. Though deep canvassing emerged from traditional political canvassing, deep canvassing has been shown to be an effective way to change political beliefs. Deep canvassing has been used by researchers and activists for decades to garner support for political and/or social ideologies. Deep canvassing has been used for years to gain traction for issues surrounding the LGBTQ+ community, animal rights, and racial justice.
References
- ↑ Broockman, David E. (2015). Public Opinion and Political Representation (Thesis). UC Berkeley.
- 1 2 "Biography". news.berkeley.edu. 11 February 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ↑ Edsall, Thomas (2021-09-29). "How Much Does How Much We Hate Each Other Matter?". New York Times. Retrieved 2023-09-16.
- 1 2 "The Case of the Amazing Gay-Marriage Data: How a Graduate Student Reluctantly Uncovered a Huge Scientific Fraud". www.thecut.com. 29 May 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- 1 2 Carey, Benedict; Belluck, Pam (20 May 2015). "Retraction Sought in Study on Views of Gay Marriage". www.nytimes.com. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- 1 2 3 Carey, Benedict; Belluck, Pam (26 May 2015). "Doubts About Study of Gay Canvassers Rattle the Field". www.nytimes.com. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- 1 2 3 Denizet-Lewis, Benoit (7 April 2016). "How Do You Change Voters' Minds? Have a Conversation". www.nytimes.com. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- 1 2 "How Do You Change Voters' Minds? Have a Conversation". washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- 1 2 "The Case of the Amazing Gay-Marriage Data: How a Grad Student Uncovered a Huge Fraud". slate.com. June 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ↑ Resnick, Brian (2020-01-29). "How to talk someone out of bigotry". Vox.
- ↑ Knight, Heather (2021-11-06). "S.F. Supervisor Dean Preston invited YIMBYs to look at his housing record. They panned it". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
- 1 2 "David Broockman". polisci.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
- ↑ Daniel D'Addario, "Skull and Bones, 2010-2011"", http://wakeup2010.blogspot.com/2010/05/skull-and-bones-2010-2011.html
- ↑ "Fellows". hoover.org. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ↑ Hao, Rongzhang; Zhao, Rongtao; Qiu, Shaofu; Wang, Ligui; Song, Hongbin (5 June 2015). "The Case of the Amazing Gay-Marriage Data: How a Graduate Student Reluctantly Uncovered a Huge Scientific Fraud". Science. sciencemag.org. 348 (6239): 1100–1101. doi:10.1126/science.348.6239.1100-d. PMID 26045427 . Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- 1 2 "Leamer-Rosenthal Prize". bitss.org. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ↑ Broockman, David; Kalla, Joshua (2016). "Durably reducing transphobia: A field experiment on door-to-door canvassing". Science. sciencemag.org. 352 (6282): 220–224. Bibcode:2016Sci...352..220B. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9713 . PMID 27124458. S2CID 206645910.
- ↑ Kalla, Joshua L.; Broockman, David E. (February 2018). "The Minimal Persuasive Effects of Campaign Contact in General Elections: Evidence from 49 Field Experiments". American Political Science Review. 112 (1): 148–166. doi:10.1017/S0003055417000363. S2CID 149306936.
- ↑ "One study explains why it's tough to pass liberal laws". washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ↑ Klein, Ezra (2014-07-08). "No one's less moderate than moderates". Vox.
- ↑ Broockman, David; Kalla, Joshua; Westwood, Sean (2020-12-22). "Does Affective Polarization Undermine Democratic Norms or Accountability? Maybe Not". doi:10.31219/osf.io/9btsq. S2CID 241065420.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ Manjoo, Farhad (6 September 2017). "Silicon Valley's Politics: Liberal, With One Big Exception". www.nytimes.com. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ↑ Fruchtman, David Broockman and Robert (2022-04-07). "A wall of skyscrapers along Ocean Beach? It could happen if S.F. doesn't stop bungling its planning process". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2022-08-30.
- ↑ Kalla, David Broockman and Joshua (2020-02-25). "Bernie Sanders looks electable in surveys — but it could be a mirage". Vox. Retrieved 2022-08-30.
- ↑ "Analysis | Persuading voters is hard. That doesn't mean campaigns should give up". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved 2022-08-30.
- ↑ "110th Annual APSA Meeting" (PDF).
- ↑ "Cialdini Prize - SPSP". www.spsp.org.
- ↑ "Joseph L Bernd JOP Best Paper Award – Southern Political Science Association". spsa.net.
- ↑ "Awards – Elections, Public Opinion, and Voting Behavior, Section 32".