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References
- 1 2 3 4 Geoffrey Wigoder (1970). The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia. W. H. Allen. p. 1249.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Fred Skolnik; Michael Berenbaum (2007). Encyclopaedia Judaica. Macmillan Reference USA. p. 292. ISBN 978-0-02-865941-1.
- ↑ Tamar Lewinsky; Sandrine Mayoraz (14 October 2013). East European Jews in Switzerland. De Gruyter. p. 48. ISBN 978-3-11-030071-0.
- ↑ Leon Shapiro (April 1980). The history of ORT: a Jewish movement for social change. Schocken Books. p. 87.
- ↑ Union of Russian Jews (1969). Russian Jewry, 1917-1967. T. Yoseloff. p. 42.