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Papua New Guinea is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia. Officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea,it shares its only land border with Indonesia to the west and it is directly adjacent to Australia to the south and the Solomon Islands to the east. Its capital,located along its southeastern coast,is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest island country,with an area of 462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi).
The politics of Papua New Guinea takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic multi-party system,whereby the prime minister is the head of government. Papua New Guinea is an independent Commonwealth realm,with the monarch serving as head of state and a governor-general,nominated by the National Parliament,serving as their representative. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament.
Manus Island is part of Manus Province in northern Papua New Guinea and is the largest of the Admiralty Islands. It is the fifth-largest island in Papua New Guinea,with an area of 2,100 km2 (810 sq mi),measuring around 100 km × 30 km. Manus Island is covered in rugged jungles which can be broadly described as lowland tropical rain forest. The highest point on Manus Island is Mt. Dremsel,718 metres (2,356 ft) above sea level at the centre of the south coast. Manus Island is volcanic in origin and probably broke through the ocean's surface in the late Miocene,8 to 10 million years ago. The substrate of the island is either directly volcanic or from uplifted coral limestone.
Sir Mekere Morauta was a Papua New Guinean politician and economist who served as the 7th Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 1999 to 2002. Inheriting a depressed economy and a fractious legislature,he embarked on fundamental reforms of the country's economy and political system.
Sir Michael Thomas Somare was a Papua New Guinean politician. Widely called the "father of the nation",he was the first Prime Minister after independence. At the time of his death,Somare was also the longest-serving prime minister,having been in office for 17 years over three separate terms:from 1975 to 1980;from 1982 to 1985;and from 2002 to 2011. His political career spanned from 1968 until his retirement in 2017. Besides serving as PM,he was minister of foreign affairs,leader of the opposition and governor of East Sepik Province.
Don Pomb Polye is a Papua New Guinean politician from Enga Province. He has been a Cabinet Minister under two Prime Ministers,and was briefly Deputy Prime Minister from July to December 2010. He has held Foreign Affairs,Immigration,Transport,Civil Aviation,Finance and Treasury portfolios.
James Marape is a Papua New Guinean politician who has served as the prime minister of Papua New Guinea since May 2019. He has been a member of the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea since July 2007,representing the electorate of Tari-Pori Open in Hela Province in the New Guinea Highlands. He has held Cabinet Posts as Minister of Education (2008–2011),Minister of Finance (2012–2019),and Minister of Foreign Affairs (2023–present). Marape entered the 2022 elections under the banner of the Pangu Party and won more seats than any other party. He was therefore entitled to form the government. His new government was elected unopposed by the new parliament.
Ivo Cappo was a Papua New Guinean court magistrate. He was originally from Laiagam District in the Enga Province of Papua New Guinea.
The monarchy of Papua New Guinea is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Papua New Guinea. The current Papua New Guinean monarch and head of state,since 8 September 2022,is King Charles III. As sovereign,he is the personal embodiment of the Papua New Guinean Crown. Although the person of the sovereign is equally shared with 14 other independent countries within the Commonwealth of Nations,each country's monarchy is separate and legally distinct. As a result,the current monarch is officially titled King of Papua New Guinea and,in this capacity,he and other members of the royal family undertake public and private functions domestically and abroad as representatives of Papua New Guinea. However,the King is the only member of the royal family with any constitutional role.
The Royal Papua New Guinea Constabulary (RPNGC) is a national police force with jurisdiction throughout Papua New Guinea.
Sir Salamo Injia is a retired Judge and former Chief Justice of Papua New Guinea. Injia was knighted in 2006 and appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea in 2008,succeeding Mari Kapi. In 2018,Sir Gibbs Salika replaced him as the Chief Justice of Papua New Guinea. In August 2019,Injia was appointed chair of a commission of inquiry into a controversial state loan of US$1,200,000,000 from the Swiss bank UBS used by the PNG government to buy a stake in the resource company Oil Search.
Peter Charles Paire O'Neill is a Papua New Guinean politician who served as the seventh Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 2011 to 2019. He has been a Member of Parliament for Ialibu-Pangia since 2002. He was a former cabinet minister and the leader of the People's National Congress between 2006 and 2022. He resigned his position as prime minister to avoid a vote of no confidence,and he was succeeded by James Marape. O'Neill won re-election to the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea in 2022 in the first round with a large majority,which is unusual in the country.
Belden Namah is a Papua New Guinean politician. Namah is a member of the National Parliament for the Papua New Guinea Party,and has represented Vanimo-Green River District since 2007. He served in the Cabinet from 2007 to 2010,and as Deputy Prime Minister from 2011 to 2012. In 2012,Namah became a member of the opposition. After retaining his seat in the 2022 election,he said that he would not rejoin the opposition.
2011–2012 Papua New Guinean constitutional crisis was a dispute between Sir Michael Somare and Peter O'Neill. Both claimed to be Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea.
Corruption is rife in Papua New Guinea (PNG). According to The Economist,"PNG's governments are notorious for corruption,and ever run the risk of turning the state into a fully-fledged kleptocracy".
Ezekiel Anisi was a Papua New Guinean politician. He was a member of the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea from August until October 2012,when he was unseated by the National Court,and from a December 2013 by-election until his death,representing the electorate of Ambunti-Dreikikir Open in East Sepik Province. He was the youngest MP in Papua New Guinea.
Moses Maladina is a former Deputy Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea. He is a qualified lawyer,agriculturalist and businessman with investments in PNG and various parts of the Asia Pacific region. He is also a published author which includes his fiction novel Tabu. His present residence is in Baiyer River,Western Highlands Province,in PNG where he has a coffee plantation.
Samuel H. Basil was a Papua New Guinean politician. He was a member of the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea from 2007,representing the electorate of Bulolo Open,until his death in 2022. From 8 June 2019,to August 2019 Basil served as the Treasurer of Papua New Guinea.
Bryan Jared Kramer is a Papua New Guinea politician and Member of the 10th and 11th Parliament of Papua New Guinea. Formerly a member of the Pangu Party,he founded the Allegiance Party,of which he was the sole MP,in 2018. He ran nine candidates in the 2022 National Elections,including one in each of Madang's seven electorates. Kramer was returned with a sizeable majority,but was unsuccessful in securing the election of another Party member. He was suspended from office on 30 September 2022 pending the outcomes of a leadership tribunal. On Tuesday 28 February 2023 the three-man bench unanimously found Kramer guilty of seven counts against him. A three-man bench recommended dismissal for two counts of "scandalising the judiciary" and fines totalling K10,000 (USD3,000) for five counts related to use of district funds. Kramer was dismissed from office by the Governor General on 24 May 2023. He will not be able to re-contest an election for five years,allowing him to compete in the 2032 election. A by-election for Madang Open will be held in 2024.
The COVID-19 pandemic in Papua New Guinea is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus was confirmed to have reached Papua New Guinea on 20 March 2020. On 4 May 2020,Papua New Guinea was declared COVID-19 free. However,on 20 June,the government confirmed another case of COVID-19,meaning that the disease was present again within the country.
References
- ↑ "Staunch against PNG corruption". The Sydney Morning Herald . 9 September 2008. Retrieved 28 September 2008.
- 1 2 "David Manning". LinkedIn. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- 1 2 "PNG court orders police chief David Manning to vacate office". Asia Pacific Report. 25 January 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ↑ "PNG court rules police chief Manning can stay pending appeal". Asia Pacific Report. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ↑ "Manning still police chief". The National. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ↑ "AUS-PNG Network: In Conversation with PNG Pandemic Controller David Manning". Lowy Institute. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ↑ Ewart, Richard (11 May 2020). "Papua New Guinea's Commissioner of Police under pressure on all fronts". ABC Australia. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ↑ "Governor- General Appoints Manning as Controller". PNG COVID 19. 18 June 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ↑ "Police Commissioner Manning Refutes Allegations Against PNG Police". Solomon Times. Retrieved 19 February 2022.