Richard Green Lugar was an American politician who served as a United States Senator from Indiana from 1977 to 2013. He was a member of the Republican Party.
Jesse Francis "Jeff" Bingaman Jr. is an American retired politician who served as a United States Senator from New Mexico from 1983 to 2013. A member of the Democratic Party,he previously served as the 25th Attorney General of New Mexico from 1979 to 1983. During his time in the Senate,Bingaman served as Chairman of Committee Outreach for the Senate Democratic Caucus and was the longtime chair of the Senate Energy Committee.
Jeffry Lane Flake is an American politician and diplomat who served in the United States House of Representatives from 2001 to 2013 and in the United States Senate from 2013 to 2019,representing Arizona. A member of the Republican Party,Flake later served as the United States ambassador to Turkey from 2022 to 2024 under President Joe Biden.
Thomas Gerard Tancredo is an American politician from Colorado,who represented the state's sixth congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1999 to 2009 as a Republican. He ran for President of the United States during the 2008 election,and was the Constitution Party's unsuccessful nominee for Governor of Colorado in 2010.
Barack Hussein Obama II is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party,he was the first African-American president in U.S. history. Obama previously served as a U.S. senator representing Illinois from 2005 to 2008 and as an Illinois state senator from 1997 to 2004.
James Warren DeMint is an American businessman,author,and retired politician who served as a United States Senator from South Carolina and as president of The Heritage Foundation. A leading figure in the Tea Party movement,DeMint is a member of the Republican Party and is the founder of the Senate Conservatives Fund.
The 2004 Democratic National Convention convened from July 26 to 29,2004 at the FleetCenter in Boston,Massachusetts,and nominated Senator John Kerry from Massachusetts for president and Senator John Edwards from North Carolina for vice president,respectively,in the 2004 presidential election.
The Joint Inquiry into Intelligence Community Activities before and after the Terrorist Attacks of September 11,2001,is the official name of the inquiry conducted by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence and the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence into the activities of the U.S. Intelligence Community in connection with the attacks of September 11,2001. The investigation began in February 2002 and the final report was released in December 2002.
Reforming the immigration policy of the United States is a subject of political discourse and contention. Immigration has played an essential part in American history,as except for the Native Americans,everyone in the United States is descended from people who migrated to the United States. Some claim that the United States maintains the world's most liberal immigration policy.
Douglas Lawrence Lamborn is an American attorney and politician who served as the U.S. representative for Colorado's 5th congressional district from 2007 to 2025. He is a member of the Republican Party. His district was based in Colorado Springs.
The 2008 presidential campaign of Tom Tancredo,a Congressman from Colorado began on April 2,2007 with a formal announcement. The campaign garnered grassroots support and endorsements from conservative Republicans concerned about illegal immigration and border security. However,Tancredo remained low in the polls and was criticized for his nativist campaign,which had been described as "single-issued." Tancredo stated that he probably would not win the nomination but hoped his campaign would bring forth more debate on his issue of concern,immigration. On December 20,2007 Tancredo withdrew from the presidential race,and endorsed Mitt Romney.
The United States Senate career of Barack Obama began on January 3,2005,and ended on November 16,2008. A member of the Democratic Party from the state of Illinois,Obama previously served three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2005. He resigned his seat in the U.S. Senate upon being elected President of the United States.
The family of Barack Obama,the 44th president of the United States,is a prominent American family active in law,education,activism and politics. Obama's immediate family circle was the first family of the United States from 2009 to 2017,and are the first such family of African-American descent. His immediate family includes his wife Michelle Obama and daughters Malia and Sasha.
Barack Obama's tenure as the 44th president of the United States began with his first inauguration on January 20,2009,and ended on January 20,2017. Obama,a Democrat from Illinois,took office following his victory over Republican nominee John McCain in the 2008 presidential election. Four years later,in the 2012 presidential election,he defeated Republican nominee Mitt Romney,to win re-election. Obama is the first African American president,the first multiracial president,the first non-white president,and the first president born in Hawaii. Obama was succeeded by Republican Donald Trump,who won the 2016 presidential election. Historians and political scientists rank him among the upper tier in historical rankings of American presidents.
Michael Farrand Bennet is an American attorney,businessman,and politician serving as the senior United States senator from Colorado,a seat he has held since 2009. A member of the Democratic Party,he was appointed to the seat when Senator Ken Salazar became Secretary of the Interior. Bennet previously worked as a managing director for the Anschutz Investment Company,chief of staff to Denver mayor John Hickenlooper,and superintendent of Denver Public Schools.
David Boris Rivkin Jr. was an American attorney,political writer,and conservative media commentator on matters of constitutional and international law,as well as foreign and defense policy. Rivkin gained national recognition as a representative of conservative viewpoints,frequently testifying before congressional committees,and appearing as an analyst and commentator on a variety of television and radio stations. He was a visiting fellow at the Center for the National Interest,and a recipient of the U.S. Naval Proceedings Annual Alfred Thayer Mahan Award for the best maritime affairs article. He was a fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies,and was a member of the Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights.
The 2012 United States elections took place on November 6,2012. Democratic President Barack Obama won reelection to a second term and the Democrats gained seats in both chambers of Congress,retaining control of the Senate even though the Republican Party retained control of the House of Representatives. As of 2024,this is the most recent election cycle in which neither the presidency nor a chamber of Congress changed partisan control,and the last time that the party that won the presidency simultaneously gained seats in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.
The economic policy of the Barack Obama administration,or in its colloquial portmanteau form "Obamanomics",was characterized by moderate tax increases on higher income Americans designed to fund health care reform,reduce the federal budget deficit,and decrease income inequality. President Obama's first term (2009–2013) included measures designed to address the Great Recession and subprime mortgage crisis,which began in 2007. These included a major stimulus package,banking regulation,and comprehensive healthcare reform. As the economy improved and job creation continued during his second term (2013–2017),the Bush tax cuts were allowed to expire for the highest income taxpayers and a spending sequester (cap) was implemented,to further reduce the deficit back to typical historical levels. The number of persons without health insurance was reduced by 20 million,reaching a record low level as a percent of the population. By the end of his second term,the number of persons with jobs,real median household income,stock market,and real household net worth were all at record levels,while the unemployment rate was well below historical average.
The Almanac of American Politics (2008) rated Barack Obama's overall social policies in 2006 as more conservative than 21% of the Senate,and more liberal than 77% of the Senate.
Robert Patrick Casey Jr. is an American lawyer and politician who served from 2007 to 2025 as a United States senator from Pennsylvania. He is a member of the Democratic Party.
