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Eau de Cologne, or simply cologne, is a perfume originating from Cologne, Germany. Originally mixed by Johann Maria Farina in 1709, it has since come to be a generic term for scented formulations in typical concentration of 2–5% and also more depending upon its type of essential oils or a blend of extracts, alcohol, and water. In a base of dilute ethanol (70–90%), eau de cologne contains a mixture of citrus oils, including oils of lemon, orange, tangerine, clementine, bergamot, lime, grapefruit, blood orange, bitter orange, and neroli. It can also contain oils of lavender, rosemary, thyme, oregano, petitgrain, jasmine, olive, oleaster, and tobacco.
Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils or aroma compounds (fragrances), fixatives and solvents, usually in liquid form, used to give the human body, animals, food, objects, and living-spaces an agreeable scent. Perfumes can be defined as substances that emit and diffuse a pleasant and fragrant odor. They consist of manmade mixtures of aromatic chemicals and essential oils. The 1939 Nobel Laureate for Chemistry, Leopold Ružička stated in 1945 that "right from the earliest days of scientific chemistry up to the present time, perfumes have substantially contributed to the development of organic chemistry as regards methods, systematic classification, and theory."
Chypre is the name of a family of perfumes that are characterised by an accord composed of citrus top notes, a middle centered on cistus labdanum, and a mossy-animalic set of basenotes derived from oakmoss. Chypre perfumes fall into numerous classes according to their modifier notes, which include but are not limited to leather, florals, fruits, and amber.
With Love... Hilary Duff is the first fragrance by American singer and actress Hilary Duff. It was launched at Macy's department stores in the United States on September 14, 2006.
Chanel No. 19 perfume was first marketed in 1971. The number 19 was chosen to commemorate Coco Chanel's birthday, 19 August. The perfume was launched a year before she died. The scent was created by Henri Robert.
Eau de toilette is a lightly scented perfume. It is also referred to as aromatic waters and has a high alcohol content. It is usually applied directly to the skin after bathing or shaving. It is traditionally composed of alcohol and various volatile oils. Traditionally these products were named after a principal ingredient; some being geranium water, lavender water, lilac water, violet water, spirit of myrcia and 'eau de Bretfeld'. Because of this, eau de toilette was sometimes referred to as "toilet water".
Lacoste Essential is the name of a men's cologne produced by high-end apparel company Lacoste. The original Lacoste Essential for men contains aquatics citrus, tomato leaves, cassis, black pepper, rose, patchouli, sandalwood and “wood accord.” The popular fragrance is recognized by its distinctly shaped glass container, bearing a brushed aluminum atomizer and the trademark Lacoste crocodile emblem engraved into the glass, as well as the liquid's warm yellow-green tint.
Creed is an Anglo-French multi-national niche perfume house, based in Paris.
Because of You... is a perfume endorsed by American singer, songwriter Jordin Sparks, which she created alongside Belmay Fragrances. The product was released exclusively to Dots Department Stores on October 6, 2010. Because of You... was followed by two additional releases. Fascinate was intended to be more of a daytime fragrance, and Ambition. Each scent was followed with its own Eau De Parfum release and multiple gift sets.
Glowing by JLo is a women's fragrance endorsed by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez. It was created by Givaudan's Calice Becker and Caroline Sabas. It was released through Coty on May 10, 2012. It was released ten years after her initial fragrance, Glow by JLo (2002) and was also in turn her tenth anniversary with Coty. Prior to its release, Lopez called it a homage and the "evolution of Glow". The bottle was noted for lighting up when in use and Lopez has promoted the fragrance through her music video for "Dance Again".
Ambition is the third women's fragrance created by American pop/R&B singer, songwriter Jordin Sparks alongside CPL Aromas & Preferred Fragrance, endorsed by Jordin Sparks. The product was released exclusively to Bon-Ton Department Stores nationwide on November 8, 2012 in store and online. Ambition... was Preceded by two additional releases. her first fragrance "Because of You..." and her second fragrance "Fascinate". Each scent was followed with its own Eau De Parfum release and multiple gift sets.
Kouros is a perfume for men produced by Yves Saint Laurent. The perfume was introduced in 1981. It was created by perfumer Pierre Bourdon. It is also known as "The Scent of the Gods."
Elixir is a women's fragrance by Colombian singer songwriter Shakira, developed in a collaboration with international fashion company Puig. After the release of her first two fragrances, Puig enlisted several perfumers to work on Shakira's third fragrance, which she claimed would capture her "most sensual and exotic side." The final product was Elixir, an amber perfume based on various spicy and woody sources. The flacon of the perfume is inspired by apothecary bottles and is made to resemble a magical potion, featuring a light golden colour scheme.
Xyrena is an Austin, Texas perfumery founded in Los Angeles specializing in cruelty-free and vegan products certified by PETA and Leaping Bunny. Xyrena describes itself as "a defiant cosmetics startup that includes the world's first celebrity-partnered on-demand perfumery". Xyrena only releases fragrances in water-free Extrait de Parfum form.
Terre d'Hermès is a fragrance launched by French luxury brand Hermès in March 2006. It was created by Jean-Claude Ellena, who was the exclusive in-house perfumier of Hermès.
Jo Loves is a British niche perfume brand founded by perfumer Jo Malone in 2011, following her 2006 departure from Jo Malone London. She had founded that brand in 1994, and subsequently sold it to Estée Lauder Companies in 1999.
Aventus is an eau de parfum launched by Paris-based perfume house Creed. The fragrance was released in September 2010 as part of the celebrations for Creed's 250th anniversary.
Le Male is a men's fragrance created by Francis Kurkdjian for Jean Paul Gaultier in 1995. It has been manufactured by Puig since 2016, and was previously manufactured by Shiseido subsidiary Beauté Prestige International from 1995 until 2015. The fragrance was developed as a counterpart to the women's fragrance Classique, which was introduced in 1993.
Christina Aguilera Fragrances is a perfume brand by American singer-songwriter Christina Aguilera. It was founded in 2007 in a deal with Procter & Gamble (P&G), who manufactured the products until 2016, after its production and distribution rights were bought out by Elizabeth Arden, Inc. In addition to fragrances, the brand has also worked with the production and sale of other cosmetics, including body lotions, body sprays, bath gels, and deodorants.
References
- ↑ "The best men's fragrances under $20" Archived 2016-09-17 at the Wayback Machine . FashionBeans Lee Kynaston 28 October 2015.
- ↑ "Interview with Mark Crames Demeter Fragrance library". fragrantica.com.
- ↑ "Demeter launches in UK next week as "Library of Fragrance"". basenotes.net.
- ↑ "The perfume you always wanted: Dirt, earthworms and gin & tonic scents". The Independent. 2 September 2014.
- ↑ "Boots is going to be selling 'Dirt' and 'Gin & Tonic' perfume - Metro News". Metro. September 2014.
- ↑ "Absolutely Gorgeous Beauty Products for Sale Online for Women & Men". Archived from the original on 2006-09-18. Retrieved 2007-02-13.
- ↑ "UK Make up and Beauty Blog | absolutebeaut.com: Bespoke fragrance that's actually affordable: The Library of Fragrance". Archived from the original on 2015-03-09. Retrieved 2016-08-25.