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Calumet Charter Township is a charter township of Houghton County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 6,263 at the 2020 census. Even with a decreasing population, the township remains the largest township by population in Houghton County.
Allouez Township is a civil township of Keweenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,340 at the 2020 census.
Eagle Harbor Township is a civil township of Keweenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 308 at the 2020 census. The township is located on the Keweenaw Peninsula and also includes the southwestern portion of Isle Royale National Park.
The Keweenaw Peninsula is the northernmost part of Michigan's Upper Peninsula. It projects into Lake Superior and was the site of the first copper boom in the United States, leading to its moniker of "Copper Country." As of the 2000 census, its population was roughly 43,200. Its major industries are now logging and tourism, as well as jobs related to Michigan Technological University and Finlandia University.
Copper Harbor is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located in Keweenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located within Grant Township. The population of the CDP was 136 as of the 2020 census.
Douglass Houghton was an American geologist and physician, primarily known for his exploration of the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan. It was the site of a copper boom and extensive copper mining beginning in the 19th century. He was appointed in 1839 as the first state geologist of Michigan, after it was admitted to the union, and served in that position for the rest of his life.
The Quincy Mine is an extensive set of copper mines located near Hancock, Michigan. The mine was owned by the Quincy Mining Company and operated between 1846 and 1945, although some activities continued through the 1970s. The Quincy Mine was known as "Old Reliable," as the Quincy Mine Company paid a dividend to investors every year from 1868 through 1920. The Quincy Mining Company Historic District is a United States National Historic Landmark District; other Quincy Mine properties nearby, including the Quincy Mining Company Stamp Mills, the Quincy Dredge Number Two, and the Quincy Smelter are also historically significant.
William Alfred Paine was an American businessman who co-founded the brokerage firm Paine Webber. He was also instrumental in the creation of the mining venture Copper Range Consolidated Company.
Freda is an unincorporated community fifteen miles west of Houghton, United States in the Stanton Township.
The Calumet and Hecla Mining Company was a major copper-mining company based within Michigan's Copper Country. In the 19th century, the company paid out more than $72 million in shareholder dividends, more than any other mining company in the United States during that period.
The Ontonagon Boulder is a 3,708 pounds (1,682 kg) boulder of native copper originally found in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, United States, and now in the possession of the Department of Mineral Sciences, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. In 1843 the boulder was purchased from a local entrepreneur and shipped to Washington D.C.
Copper mining in Michigan became an important industry in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Its rise marked the start of copper mining as a major industry in the United States.
White Pine is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Ontonagon County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The CDP had a population of 474 at the 2010 census. White Pine is located within Carp Lake Township.
The Copper Country strike of 1913–1914 was a major strike affecting all copper mines in the Copper Country of Michigan. The strike, organized by the Western Federation of Miners, was the first unionized strike within the Copper Country. It was called to achieve goals of shorter work days, higher wages, union recognition, and to maintain family mining groups. The strike lasted just over nine months, including the Italian Hall disaster on Christmas Eve, and ended with the union being effectively driven out of the Keweenaw Peninsula. While unsuccessful, the strike is considered a turning point in the history of the Copper Country.
The Quincy Smelter, also known as the Quincy Smelting Works, is a former copper smelter located on the north side of the Keweenaw Waterway in Ripley, Michigan. It is a contributing property of the Quincy Mining Company Historic District, a National Historic Landmark District. The smelter was built in 1898 by the Quincy Mining Company, operating from 1898 to 1931 and again from 1948 to 1971. The smelter was part of a Superfund site from 1986 to 2013.
The Michigan Smelter was a copper smelter located at Cole's Creek on the Keweenaw Waterway north-west of Houghton, Michigan near the old Atlantic mill. The smelter was created in 1903-4 as a joint effort between the Copper Range Company and Stanton group of mines. An Atlantic dam on the site was reused by the smelter as a water source. In 1905, the smelter broke a world record by casting 292,000 pounds of fine copper in seven hours with a single furnace and only ten men. The smelter operated through World War II and stopped all operations in 1948.
Tamarack/Osceola Smelter was a copper smelter jointly built by the Tamarack and Osceola mining companies in 1888 in Dollar Bay, Michigan. The smelting was merged in 1891 with the Detroit and Lake Superior Company to form the Lake Superior Smelting Company.
Arcadian mine was a copper mine developed in 1898 near Paavola, in Franklin Township, a short distance northeast of Hancock, in Houghton County, Michigan. The initial public offering was managed by Boston financier Thomas W. Lawson. The mine was owned and managed by Arcadian Copper Company in which some Standard Oil directors had a significant interest. Although there was a significant amount of investment in the mine, it was not rich in copper. By 1908, the mine was thought to be one of the most spectacular failures in the region. The mine was operated as a tourist destination from the 1950s to the 1970s. In a 2020 interview, Margaret Hamilton recalled her teen years when she worked at Arcadian mine giving tours, and during which time the mine was used to store bananas.
The Atlantic Mill was located on the east side of Redridge, Michigan near the Redridge Steel Dam. It was constructed in 1892 and closed in 1912. It was connected to the Atlantic mine via a 9 mile long Atlantic and Lake Superior Railroard. The previous path of the railroad is now a scenic tree-covered road. It is thought that currents have moved the stamp sand produced by this mill to the current site of the North Canal Township Park.
The Kaleva Temple is a commercial building located on Trimountain Avenue in South Range, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
References
- ↑ Lankton, Larry. Hollowed Ground: Copper Mining and Community Building on Lake Superior, 1840-1990. Google Books Page 40
- ↑ Lankton, Larry. Hollowed Ground: Copper Mining and Community Building on Lake Superior, 1840-1990. Google Books Page 90
- ↑ Morin, Bode J. (2013). The Legacy of American Copper Smelting: Industrial Heritage versus Environmental Policy. Univ. of Tennessee Press. p. 157. ISBN 9781572339866.
Coordinates: 47°07′32.2″N88°34′13.3″W / 47.125611°N 88.570361°W
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