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The Maldives, officially the Republic of Maldives, is an archipelagic state and country in South Asia, situated in the Indian Ocean. It lies southwest of Sri Lanka and India, about 750 kilometres from the Asian continent's mainland. The Maldives' chain of 26 atolls stretches across the equator from Ihavandhippolhu Atoll in the north to Addu Atoll in the south.
The history of the Maldives is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions, comprising the areas of South Asia and Indian Ocean; and the modern nation consisting of 26 natural atolls, comprising 1194 islands. Historically, the Maldives had a strategic importance because of its location on the major marine routes of the Indian Ocean. The Maldives' nearest neighbours are the British Indian Ocean Territory, Sri Lanka and India. The United Kingdom, Sri Lanka and some Indian kingdoms have had cultural and economic ties with the Maldives for centuries. In addition to these countries, Maldivians also traded with Aceh and many other kingdoms in, what is today, Indonesia and Malaysia. The Maldives provided the main source of cowrie shells, then used as a currency throughout Asia and parts of the East African coast. Most probably Maldives were influenced by Kalingas of ancient India who were earliest sea traders to Sri Lanka and the Maldives from India and were responsible for the spread of Buddhism. Stashes of Chinese crockery found buried in various locations in the Maldives also show that there was direct or indirect trade contact between China and the Maldives. In 1411 and 1430, the Chinese admiral Zheng He 鄭和 visited the Maldives. The Chinese also became the first country to establish a diplomatic office in the Maldives, when the Chinese nationalist government based in Taipei opened an embassy in Malé in 1966. This office has since been replaced by the embassy of the People's Republic of China.
The Burid dynasty was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Oghuz Turkic origin which ruled over the Emirate of Damascus in the early 12th century.
Kudahuvadhoo is one of the inhabited islands of Dhaalu Atoll in the Maldives. It is also the capital of Dhaalu Atoll
Utheemu is one of the inhabited islands of Haa Alif Atoll administrative division and geographically part of Thiladhummathi Atoll in the north of the Maldives. It is an island-level administrative constituency governed by the Utheemu Island Council.
The Isdhoo dynasty was a Maldivian dynasty that lasted for three years, from 1701 to 1704 AD. During this period there were three rulers. It was followed by the Dhiyamigili dynasty.
Theemuge is the site of the former presidential palace of Maldives in the Maafannu Ward of the capital, Malé. Upgraded to presidential standards in 1992 by then-president Maumoon Abdul Gayyoom, Theemuge served as the presidential palace until 2008, when Gayyoom was overthrown in the country's first democratic election. Mohamed Nasheed, the newly elected president deemed Theemuge of too high maintenance and re-declared Muliaage, the old presidential palace as the new Official Residence of the Maldives. Today, Theemuge houses the Supreme Court of the Maldives.
Maldivian mythology or Maldivian folklore is the body of myths, tales and anecdotes belonging to the oral tradition of Maldivians. Even though some of the Maldivian myths were already mentioned briefly by British commissioner in Ceylon HCP Bell towards the end of the 19th century, their study and publication were carried out only quite recently by Spanish writer and artist Xavier Romero-Frias, at a time when that ancestral worldview was quickly disappearing.
Dhovemi Kalaminja Siri Thiribuvana-aadiththa Maha Radun or Donei Kalaminjaa was the second king of the Maldives from 1141 to 1166 or 1176 according to the Raadhavalhi and the Loamaafaanu copper plate writings. The Tarikh chronicles however, calls this king Sultan Muhammad al-Adil which is probably the Muslim name of the king after his conversion to Islam in the 12th year of his reign. Later on the title of Dharumavantha (Dharumas) Rasgefaanu or the Benevolent King was bestowed upon him. He is also known as the first ruler of the Theemuge Dynasty. This name was derived from his house's name, Theemuge, some sourced refer to the royal house as the Maalei Dharikolhu. Though it was being called Theemuge Darikolhu they were descendants of the Buddhist Kings of the Lunar Dynasty or Soma Vansa.
Al-Sultan Hali Kalaminjaa I Siri Singaa Abaarana Maha Radun or Al-Sultan Ali II Siri Singaa Abaarana Mahaa Radun was the Sultan of Maldives from 1266 to 1268. He was the 11th sultan to ascend the throne of Maldives from the Lunar dynasty. His father was Vengeheli Kalo of Kendhoo and his mother was Aidage Maavaa Kilege daughter of Fathahiriya Maavaa Kilege. He reigned for 1 year and six months.
Al-Sultan Salis Kalaminjaa Siri Meesuvara Mahaa Radun, also known as as-Sulṭān Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Ṣāliḥ al-Bangālī was the Sultan of Maldives from 1293 to 1302. He succeeded to the throne after the death of his father Sultan Yoosuf I, by becoming the 15th sultan to ascend the throne of Maldives from the Lunar dynasty. However, according to Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta, he was not the son of Yoosuf, but rather was a Bengali who had founded a new dynasty.
Al-Sultan Abul Fath Jalaaluddin Omar Veeru Siri Abaarana Mahaa Radun was the Sultan of the Maldives from 1306 to 1341. He was the son of Sultan Salis. According to Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta, his father was a Bengali and the founder of a new dynasty. Sultan Omar I ruled the country for 35 years until his death in 1341. He had a son named Ahmed Shihaabuddheen and two daughters Khadhijah and Raadhafathi, all of whom later became rulers of the Maldives. He was succeeded by his son Ahmed Shihaabuddheen.
Al-Sultana Khadeejah Sri Raadha Abaarana Mahaa Rehendhi or more famously known as just Rehendhi Khadeejah meaning, Queen Khadeejah, was the Sultana of the Maldives from 1347 to 1380. She was one of the few female rulers in the recorded history of Maldives.
Koimala Siri Mahaabarana Mahaa Radun or Koimala or Koimala Kalo is the last pre-Islamic and the earliest verifiable ruler of the Maldives. He reigned from A.D. 1117 to A.D. 1141.
Maldives has been known by many different names during its long history of more than two thousand years. Although several different names are given, the location and the description of the islands confirm the fact that they are part of the Maldives Archipelago.
Ghiyath al-Din, also transcribed as Ghiyāthu'd-Dīn, Ghiyasuddin, etc. is the name of many persons in the Islamic world. It may refer to:
Maziya Sports and Recreation Club is a Maldivian professional football club based in Malé. They compete in the Dhivehi Premier League, the country's top division. The club was formed in 1996 and was promoted to the first division for the first time in 2006.
The Dhevvadhoo dynasty was a Maldivian dynasty that lasted for nine years, from 1692 to 1701 AD. It was followed by the Isdhoo dynasty.
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References
- ↑ "Dynastic profile of Muslim rulers in Maldives | By Dr Rajkumar Singh, Bihar". Pakistan Observer. 2022-08-18. Retrieved 2023-10-02.
- 1 2 3 "Maldive Sovereigns from AD 1117".
- ↑ Luthufee, Mohamed Ibrahim (May 1987). "Dhivehi thaareekhuge therein hoadhun : Dhiyamigilee dharikolhu. Faiythoora 91. 8(7), 5-9". Dhivehi Bahaai Thaareekhah Khidhumaiykuraa Qaumee Marukazu.
- ↑ C. S. Peacock, Andrew (2020). "History, piety and factional politics in the Arabic chronicle of the Maldives: Ḥasan Tāj al-Dīn's Ta'rīkh and its continuations". Études Asiatiques. 74 (1): 195–220. doi:10.1515/asia-2020-0015. hdl: 10023/21732 . S2CID 229165420.
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