Diamond Shamrock and Kwik Stop Boycott

Last updated
Protestors hold signs outside the Diamond Shamrock and Kwik Stop in Dallas where 26-year-old Marcus Phillips was shot and killed by a staff member. Dontstopdontshop.JPG
Protestors hold signs outside the Diamond Shamrock and Kwik Stop in Dallas where 26-year-old Marcus Phillips was shot and killed by a staff member.

The Diamond Shamrock and Kwik Stop Boycott was a protest organized by the Nation of Islam against the Diamond Shamrock gas station in Dallas, Texas. [1] [2] The gas station was located near a local mosque and liquor store, in the center of a food desert. [3] [4] Using the slogan Don't Stop, Don't Shop, [3] the organization picketed the Kwik Stop convenience store located at 1909 Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd. [5] in the first half of 2012, lasting for several months. [2]

The protest was organized after an incident in which the Korean owner of the convenience store, Thomas Pak, refused to waive a $5 minimum charge for debit card transactions for the African-American leader of the local Nation of Islam chapter, Jeffrey Muhammad, which was allegedly followed by an exchange of racial epithets between the two men. [6] [7] [8] The South Korean consul general from Houston was dispatched in an attempt to resolve the issue. [2] In 2010, a Korean employee of the store shot and killed Marcus Phillips, a 26-year-old African-American who appeared to be attempting to steal the cash register. [6] No arrests were made despite several eyewitness reports. [3]

Muhammad gathered local African American community leaders following the argument to organize the boycott. [3] Many South Dallas black leaders met to discuss the protests such as Reverend Marion Barnett and the Wright Brothers of the Justice Seekers, Peter Johnson of the Peter Johnson Foundation for Nonviolence, Curtis Wilbert of the Texas Alliance for the Formerly Incarcerated (TAFFI), among others. [3]

Dallas has one of the largest Korean American communities in the United States, and many of them have established businesses which are central to the local black population. [6] Many of the protesters found this relationship between the two groups to be exploitative on the Korean side. [6] "We're saying to our own people that we need to pool our resources and then begin to open up businesses in our own community and shut their businesses down," said Muhammad. [3] One of the major efforts by the boycotters was to find a black investor who would be willing to buy out Pak. [3]

The protest was supported by the president of the Dallas chapter of the NAACP, Juanita Wallace. [6] The organization itself had no involvement in the boycott, and Wallace even received backlash from her superiors for her efforts. [9] Anthony Bond, the founder of the Irving chapter of the NAACP, has called for the protest to end and has contacted the United States Department of Justice to request assistance from a Community Relations Service representative. Bond met with Pak to discuss the situation, asking him about the argument which sparked the protest. Pak admitted to calling Muhammad the N-word and provided more detail to the story which Muhammad had told earlier. [3] Meanwhile, the president of the Dallas NAACP chapter and Nation of Islam activists vowed to continue protesting, although they came to an end in the middle of 2012. [10]

The Diamond Shamrock petrol station and Kwik Stop convenience store was demolished in autumn 2018 and it is currently an empty lot.

Related Research Articles

7-Eleven, Inc. is an American convenience store chain, headquartered in Irving, Texas and owned by Japanese Seven & i Holdings through Seven-Eleven Japan Co., Ltd. The chain was founded in 1927 as an ice house storefront in Dallas. It was named Tote'm Stores between 1928 and 1946. After Ito-Yokado, a Japanese supermarket chain and the parent company of Seven-Eleven Japan, acquired a 70% stake in the company in 1991, the company became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Seven-Eleven Japan in November, 2005.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Valero Energy</span> American energy company

Valero Energy Corporation is an American-based downstream petroleum company mostly involved in manufacturing and marketing transportation fuels, other petrochemical products, and power. It is headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, United States. Throughout the United States and Canada, the company owns and operates 15 refineries, and one in Wales, with a combined throughput capacity of approximately 3 million barrels (480,000 m3) per day, 11 ethanol plants with a combined production capacity of 1.2 billion US gallons (4,500,000 m3) per year, and a 50-megawatt wind farm. A Fortune 500 company, before the 2013 spinoff of CST Brands, Valero was one of the United States' largest retail operators with approximately 6,800 retail and branded wholesale outlets in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Mexico and Peru under the Valero, Diamond Shamrock, Shamrock, Beacon, and Texaco brands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Speedway (store)</span> American convenience store and fuel station chain owned by Japanese Seven & I Holdings

Speedway is an American convenience store and fuel station chain headquartered in Enon, Ohio, with locations primarily in the Midwest and the East Coast regions of the United States wholly owned and operated by 7-Eleven. Speedway stations are located in 36 states, up significantly from its core seven-state region in the Midwest since 2012. Prior to 2021, the company was a wholly owned subsidiary of the Marathon Petroleum Corporation. It is the largest convenience store chain in central Ohio.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SuperAmerica</span>

SuperAmerica was a chain of gasoline stations and convenience stores in the Upper Midwest, based in Woodbury, Minnesota. It was owned by Marathon Petroleum. The first convenience store opened in the 1960s. SuperAmerica had 278 stores with 271 in Minnesota, 11 in Wisconsin and 2 in South Dakota.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sheetz</span> American retail chain

Sheetz, Inc. is an American chain of convenience stores and coffee shops owned by the Sheetz family. The stores sell custom food, beverages and convenience store items, with all locations having offered 24/7 service since the 1980s. Nearly all of them sell gasoline; a few locations are full-scale truck stops, including showers and a laundromat. Sheetz's headquarters is in Altoona, Pennsylvania, with their corporate offices located there as well, with over 700 stores located in Central and Western Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland, Ohio, Virginia, and North Carolina, with plans to expand into Michigan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kwik Shop</span>

Kwik Shop is a chain of convenience stores and gas stations located throughout Kansas, Nebraska, and Iowa. They offer cold beverages, coffee, snack items, general foods, lottery tickets, and gasoline. It is owned by EG America, which is headquartered in Westborough, MA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diamond Shamrock</span>

Diamond Shamrock Corp. or Diamond Shamrock Refining and Marketing was an oil refinery and gas station company in the United States, headquartered in San Antonio, Texas.

Uni-Mart was a Pennsylvania-based company that owned, operated and franchised numerous convenience stores in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States (US). In 2008, the company operated 283 convenience stores and gas stations in the US states of Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio, and, as of 1995, its annual sales totaled $327.01 million. Henry Sahakian was Uni-Mart's founder and, as of 1997, the company consisted of 2,700 employees.

Loaf 'N Jug is a chain of convenience stores/gas stations, owned by EG America, headquartered in Westborough, MA. Kroger owned Loaf 'N Jug and its respective brands for over two decades before exiting the convenience store business and selling them to EG Group. Some Kroger supermarket locations, such as King Soopers and Smith's, have retained the Kroger convenience store signage that is still used at Loaf 'N Jug today.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kwik Trip</span> Midwestern convenience store and gas station chain

Kwik Trip is a chain of convenience stores founded in 1965 with locations throughout Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin under the name Kwik Trip, and in Illinois, Iowa, and South Dakota under the name Kwik Star. The company also operates stores under the name Tobacco Outlet Plus, Tobacco Outlet Plus Grocery, Hearty Platter, Kwik Spirits, and Stop-N-Go. Kwik Trip, Inc. is a privately held company headquartered in La Crosse, Wisconsin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Refining Company</span> American oil company

The United Refining Company (URC) is an oil company in Warren, Pennsylvania. The company operates an oil refinery in Warren that can process 70,000 barrels of oil into gasoline, diesel fuel and other petroleum distillates per day. It distributes gasoline under the Kwik Fill and Keystone brands. In early 2019, the American Automobile Association noted that Warren had the most expensive gasoline in Western Pennsylvania, despite the presence of the refinery in the town and a gasoline station just outside the refinery, the root cause of which remains undetermined.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">QuikTrip</span> American convenience store chain

The QuikTrip Corporation, more commonly known as QuikTrip (QT), is an American chain of convenience stores based in Tulsa, Oklahoma that operates in the Midwestern, Southern, and Western United States. QuikTrip is one of two convenience store chains based in Oklahoma.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NAACP</span> Civil rights organization in the United States

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey, and Ida B. Wells. Over the years, leaders of the organization have included Thurgood Marshall and Roy Wilkins.

The Dockum Drug Store sit-in was one of the first organized lunch counter sit-ins for the purpose of integrating segregated establishments in the United States. The protest began on July 19, 1958 in downtown Wichita, Kansas, at a Dockum Drug Store, in which protesters would sit at the counter all day until the store closed, ignoring taunts from counter-protesters. The sit-in ended three weeks later when the owner relented and agreed to serve black patrons. Though it wasn't the first sit-in, it is notable for happening before the well known 1960 Greensboro sit-ins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden Frinks</span>

Golden Asro Frinks was an American civil rights activist and a Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) field secretary who represented the New Bern, North Carolina SCLC chapter. He is best known as a principal civil rights organizer in North Carolina during the 1960s.

National Convenience Stores Incorporated is a convenience store company headquartered in Houston, Texas. Its primary subsidiary, Stop-N-Go Foods Inc., is/was the company controlling the convenience stores.

This is a timeline of the civil rights movement in the United States, a nonviolent mid-20th century freedom movement to gain legal equality and the enforcement of constitutional rights for people of color. The goals of the movement included securing equal protection under the law, ending legally institutionalized racial discrimination, and gaining equal access to public facilities, education reform, fair housing, and the ability to vote.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Murder of Pete Shrum</span> 1993 robbery and murder

On March 27, 1993, in Mesquite, Texas, convenience store clerk Pete Shrum was shot and killed by two armed robbers. Shrum cooperated with the robbers' demands and made no attempt to fight back against them. Despite his compliance, the robbers shot and killed him. The crime was recorded by two security cameras in the store. Footage of the murder was shown on television to help identify the killers. Since then, the footage has been featured in many documentaries relating to crime, making it well known. The murder was described as a rare death penalty case, and was the first of only two such cases expected to be tried in Dallas County in 1993. Both suspects were spared the death penalty but were convicted and sentenced to life in prison for the murder.

The Savannah Protest Movement was an American campaign led by civil rights activists to bring an end to the system of racial segregation in Savannah, Georgia. The movement began in 1960 and ended in 1963.

References

  1. Howard, Greg (3 February 2012). "In South Dallas, the Neighborhood Wants to Buy Out That Shamrock Gas Station's Owner". Dallas Observer. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 Jackson, Gordon (10 February 2012). "South Dallas convenience store protestors remain defiant". Dallas Weekly. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Howard, Greg. "How a Battle Over a Korean-Owned Kwik Stop Divided, Then United, South Dallas". Dallas Observer. Retrieved 2023-05-19.
  4. Howard, Greg. "The Diamond Shamrock Protest May Be Canceled Due to Lack of Interest. 'Bout Time". Dallas Observer. Retrieved 2023-05-19.
  5. "Diamond Shamrock Owner Speaks Out — The Dallas Weekly: News: social issues, black people, kwik stop, diamond shamrock, kwik stop store". The Dallas Weekly. Retrieved 2012-05-10.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 "Black-Korean Tensions Flare in Dallas". New America Media. 9 February 2012. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
  7. Schurmann, Peter; Lee, Aruna (9 March 2012). "Racial Tensions Flare in Dallas" . Retrieved 6 March 2012.
  8. Robberson, Tod (February 6, 2012). "South Dallas protest fails to articulate the real problem". The Dallas Morning News. Dallas, Texas. Retrieved March 7, 2012.
  9. "Editorial: Apology and forgiveness". Dallas News. 2012-03-07. Retrieved 2023-05-19.
  10. Howard, Greg (February 29, 2012). "As Shamrock Protests Near An End, Local NAACP President May Be On Her Way Out — Dallas News — Unfair Park". Blogs.dallasobserver.com. Retrieved May 10, 2012.

32°45′50.10″N96°46′29.81″W / 32.7639167°N 96.7749472°W / 32.7639167; -96.7749472