General elections were held in the Netherlands on 3 July 1918. They were the first elections held after a series of reforms that introduced universal male suffrage and pure proportional representation, replacing the previous system using first-past-the-post voting in single member constituencies. This change was known as the Great Pacification, which also included the introduction of state financing of religious schools, and led to the start of consociational democracy.
The Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement is a centre-right conservative-liberal political party in Panama.
Parliamentary elections were held in Moldova on 6 March 2005. The result was a victory for the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM), which won 56 of the 101 seats.
Sramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal is a Marxist-Leninist political party in Bangladesh. The SKSD was formed in 1969 by sympathizers of the Revolutionary Socialist Party of India in East Pakistan.
The Socialist Party-1 is a socialist political party in Bolivia.
General elections were held in Turkey on 29 November 1987. This election is important for two events; the Military junta's restrictions on former politicians were lifted so they joined to the political scene again, whilst the Motherland Party retained its majority in the parliament by losing votes but gaining more seats, thanks to the electoral system of the country. Voter turnout was 93.3%.
Aurel Croissant is Professor of Political Science at the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg.
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 24 October 1921. This was the first election to use proportional representation, which replaced previous two round system. The result was a victory for the Conservative Party-Free-minded Liberal Party alliance, which won 57 of the 150 seats in the Storting.
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in El Salvador on 17 December 1961. The result was a victory for the National Conciliation Party, which won all 54 seats.
General elections were held in Venezuela on 5 December 1993. The presidential elections were won by Rafael Caldera of National Convergence, who received 30.5% of the vote. Democratic Action remained the largest party in the Chamber of Deputies and Senate, which were elected on separate ballots for the first time. Voter turnout was 60.2%, the lowest since World War II.
General elections were held in Turkey on 12 October 1969. The electoral system used was party-list proportional representation using the D'Hondt method in 66 electoral districts. The result was a victory for the Justice Party, which won 256 of the 450 seats. Voter turnout was 64.3%.
General elections were held in Turkey on 15 October 1961. The electoral system used was party-list proportional representation with the D'Hondt method in 67 electoral districts. In order to receive seats in a district, parties needed to win a Hare quota in that district. The Republican People's Party (CHP) emerged as the largest party, winning 173 of the 450 seats. It was the first time the CHP had won the most seats since the 1946 elections. Voter turnout was 81.4%.
General elections were held in Turkey on 21 July 1946, the first multi-party elections in the country's history. The multiple non-transferable vote electoral system was used. The result was a victory for the Republican People's Party, which won 395 of the 465 seats. This election was held on the basis of open voting, secret counting and majority system, with the exception of judicial supervision. Due to these irregularities, it has also been referred to as a "fraudulent election".
General elections were held in Turkey on 14 May 1950, using the multiple non-transferable vote electoral system. The result was a landslide victory for the opposition Democrat Party, which won 408 of the 487 seats.
General elections were held in Turkey on 2 May 1954.The electoral system used was the multiple non-transferable vote. The result was a victory for the Democrat Party, which won 503 of the 541 seats. Voter turnout was 88.6%.
General elections were held in Turkey on 27 October 1957. The electoral system used was the multiple non-transferable vote, with each electoral district electing an average of nine members. The result was a victory for the Democrat Party, which won 424 of the 610 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Austria on 24 April 1927. The result was a victory for the Unity List (Einheitsliste), an alliance of the Christian Social Party and the Greater German People's Party, which won 85 of the 165 seats. However this brief coalition failed to result in any larger proportion of the votes than when the CSP ran alone, losing votes to the Landbund. Voter turnout was 89.3%.
Mongolian National Democratic Party shortened as MNDP was a Mongolian political party established in 1992 with the merger of Mongolian National Progress Party and Mongolian Democratic Party (1990).
Julio Cabral Teehankee is a Filipino political scientist. He is Full Professor of Political Science and International Studies at De La Salle University (DLSU) where he served as Chair of the Political Science Department (1994–2007); Chair of the International Studies Department (2008–2013); and Dean of the College of Liberal Arts (2013–2017).
