Doctor Dolittle

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Doctor Dolittle
The Story of Doctor Dolittle title page.jpg
Portrait from the title page of The Story of Doctor Dolittle.
First appearance The Story of Doctor Dolittle (1920)
Created by Hugh Lofting
Portrayed by
Voiced by Bob Holt
{1970}
John Stephenson (The Voyages of Dr. Dolittle, 1984)
In-universe information
AliasKing Jong Thinkalot
GenderMale
OccupationDoctor, naturalist
FamilyLisa Dolittle (wife, 1998 series)
Charisse Dolittle (daughter, 1998 series)
Maya Dolittle (daughter, 1998 series)
Lily Dolittle (wife, 2020 series)
RelativesSarah Dolittle (sister)
Archer Dolittle (father, 1998 series)
Nationality British
American
(1998–2001)
Puddleby-on-the-Marsh The Story of Doctor Dolittle frontispiece.jpg
Puddleby-on-the-Marsh

Doctor John Dolittle is the central character of a series of children's books by Hugh Lofting starting with the 1920 The Story of Doctor Dolittle . He is a physician who shuns human patients in favour of animals, with whom he can speak in their own languages. He later becomes a naturalist, using his abilities to speak with animals to better understand nature and the history of the world. [1]

Contents

Doctor Dolittle first appeared in the author's illustrated letters to his children, written from the trenches during World War I when actual news, he later said, was either too horrible or too dull. The stories are set in early Victorian England, where Doctor John Dolittle lives in the fictional English village of Puddleby-on-the-Marsh in the West Country. [1]

Doctor Dolittle has a few close human friends, including Tommy Stubbins and Matthew Mugg, the Cats'-Meat Man. The animal team includes Polynesia (a parrot), Gub-Gub (a pig), Jip (a dog), Dab-Dab (a duck), Chee-Chee (a monkey), Too-Too (an owl), the Pushmi-pullyu, and a white mouse later named simply "Whitey". [1] Later on, in the 1925 novel Doctor Dolittle's Zoo , Whitey founds (with the doctor's help) the Rat and Mouse Club, whose membership eventually reaches some 5,000 rats and mice.

Inspiration

One inspiration for his character appears to be the Scottish surgeon John Hunter. [2] [3]

Stories

The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle.djvu
The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle

The Story of Doctor Dolittle: Being the History of His Peculiar Life at Home and Astonishing Adventures in Foreign Parts Never Before Printed (1920) begins the series. The sequel The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922) won the prestigious Newbery Medal. The next three, Doctor Dolittle's Post Office (1923), Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924), and Doctor Dolittle's Caravan (1926) take place during and/or after the events of The Story of Doctor Dolittle. Five more novels followed, and after Lofting's death in 1947, two more volumes of short, previously unpublished pieces appeared.

The stories, in order of publication, are:

  1. The Story of Doctor Dolittle (1920)
  2. The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922)
  3. Doctor Dolittle's Post Office (1923)
  4. Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924)
  5. "Doctor Dolittle Meets a Londoner in Paris" (1925)
  6. Doctor Dolittle's Zoo (1925)
  7. Doctor Dolittle's Caravan (1926)
  8. Doctor Dolittle's Garden (1927)
  9. Doctor Dolittle in the Moon (1928)
  10. Gub Gub's Book: An Encyclopaedia of Food (1932)
  11. Doctor Dolittle's Return (1933)
  12. Doctor Dolittle's Birthday Book (1936)
  13. Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake (copyrighted 1923, but not published until 1948)
  14. Doctor Dolittle and the Green Canary (1950)
  15. Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952)
    • "The Sea Dog"
    • "Dapple"
    • "The Dog Ambulance"
    • "The Stunned Man"
    • "The Crested Screamers"
    • "The Green Breasted Martins"
    • "The Story of the Maggot"
    • "The Lost Boy"

Gub Gub's Book: An Encyclopaedia of Food (1932) is purportedly written by the pig Gub-Gub. It is a series of food-themed animal vignettes. In the text, the pretence of Gub-Gub's authorship is dropped; Tommy Stubbins, Dr. Dolittle's assistant, explains that he is reporting a series of Gub-Gub's discourses to the other animals of the Dolittle household around the evening fire. Stubbins also says that the full version of Gub-Gub's encyclopaedia, which was an immense and poorly-organized collection of scribblings written by the pig in a language for pigs invented by Dr. Dolittle, was too long to translate into English.

Doctor Dolittle's Birthday Book (1936) is a little day-book illustrated with pictures and quotations from the earlier stories. It appeared between Doctor Dolittle's Return and Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake.

"Doctor Dolittle Meets a Londoner in Paris" is a short story included in The Flying Carpet, pp. 110–19 (1925), an anthology of children's short stories and poems with illustrations by Cynthia Asquith.

In April 2021, the Japanese biologist Shinichi Fukuoka created a new story Dr. Dolittle Saves Galápagos Islands which appeared in The Asahi Shimbun. [4]

Chronology

The main events of The Story of Doctor Dolittle take place in 1819 or 1820, [5] although the events of the early chapters seem to be spread over several years. The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle begins in 1839. [6]

Dolittle returned from his journey to the moon in Doctor Dolittle's return during a full lunar eclipse that was visible low in the sky one late evening in spring. This was the first full lunar eclipse for a couple of years, and it took place in May 1844 in real life. [7] [8]

Backstory references indicate that Dr. Dolittle travelled to the North Pole in April 1809, and already knew how to speak to some species of animals at that date, suggesting that the early chapters of The Story of Doctor Dolittle take place before that date. [9] However, it is possible that the internal chronology is not consistent.

The internal chronology of the books is somewhat different from the publishing order. The first book is followed by Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924), Doctor Dolittle's Caravan (1926), and Doctor Dolittle and the Green Canary (1950). Only then follows the second book, The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922), continued by Doctor Dolittle's Zoo (1925). After that, the publishing order is restored; Doctor Dolittle's Garden (1927) is followed by Doctor Dolittle in the Moon (1928) and Doctor Dolittle's Return (1933), ending with Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake (1948). [10]

Doctor Dolittle's Post Office (1923) can't be placed anywhere in the internal chronology without creating contradictions. Doctor Dolittle's Circus contains references to events that occurred in Post Office, indicating that Post Office must precede Circus. [11] But the Prologue of Post Office indicates just as definitely that it must happen sometime after Circus. [12] Furthermore, in the narrative sequence that stretches from the end of the first book, through Circus and Caravan, to Green Canary, there's no gap into which Post Office could be inserted. For the sake of a reading order, the most logical options are to place Post Office immediately before Circus, or immediately after Green Canary.

The stories, in order of internal chronology, are:

  • "The Crested Screamers" (takes place within Part One, Chapter 12 of Doctor Dolittle's Caravan; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))
  • "The Lost Boy" (takes place within Part One, Chapter 12 of Doctor Dolittle's Caravan; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))
  • "The Sea Dog" (takes place at the beginning of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))
  • "Dapple" (takes place at the beginning of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))
  • "The Dog Ambulance" (takes place at the beginning of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))
  • "The Stunned Man" (takes place at the beginning of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))
  • "The Story of the Maggot" (given a greatly reduced summary at the conclusion to early printings of Part Two, Chapter 4 of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))

Adaptations

There have been a number of adaptations of the Doctor Dolittle stories in other media:

Animation:

Audio:

Stages

Film:

Video games:

Appearances in other languages

A Russian children's novel Doctor Aybolit (Doctor Oh-it-hurts) by Korney Chukovsky (first published in 1924) was loosely based on the stories of Doctor Dolittle. The original novel credited Lofting's work, [23] as did Chukovsky in his memoirs. [24]

Norwegian playwright, songwriter, and illustrator Thorbjørn Egner made an album called Doktor Dyregod (Doctor good-toward-animals) with songs and story based on Doctor Dolittle.

All the books in the series have been translated into Japanese by Ibuse Masuji and into Lithuanian by Pranas Mašiotas.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugh Lofting</span> English American childrens writer

Hugh John Lofting was an English American writer, trained as a civil engineer, who created the classic children's literature character Doctor Dolittle. The fictional physician to talking animals, based in an English village, first appeared in illustrated letters to his children which Lofting sent from British Army trenches in the First World War. Lofting settled in the United States soon after the war and before his first book was published.

<i>Doctor Dolittle</i> (1967 film) 1967 American musical film directed by Richard Fleischer

Doctor Dolittle is a 1967 American musical comedy film directed by Richard Fleischer and starring Rex Harrison, Samantha Eggar, Anthony Newley, and Richard Attenborough. It was adapted by Leslie Bricusse from the Doctor Dolittle novel series by Hugh Lofting, primarily The Story of Doctor Dolittle (1920), The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922), and Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924).

<i>The Story of Doctor Dolittle</i> 1920 novel by Hugh Lofting

The Story of Doctor Dolittle, Being the History of His Peculiar Life at Home and Astonishing Adventures in Foreign Parts (1920), written and illustrated by the British author Hugh Lofting, is the first of his Doctor Dolittle books, a series of children's novels about a man who learns to talk to animals and becomes their champion around the world. It was one of the novels in the series which was adapted into the 1967 film Doctor Dolittle.

<i>The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle</i> 1922 book by Hugh Lofting

The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle is the second of Hugh Lofting's Doctor Dolittle books. Published in 1922, the writing style is aimed at a more mature audience and features more sophisticated illustrations than its predecessor. The novel's scope is vast; it is nearly five times as long as its predecessor and is divided into six parts. It won the Newbery Medal for 1923.

<i>Doctor Dolittles Zoo</i> Fifth work of Doctor Dolittle Books, the author was Hugh Lofting

Doctor Dolittle's Zoo was written and illustrated by Hugh Lofting in 1925. In the book, Doctor Dolittle returns from his voyages and sets his house in order. This includes expanding his zoo to include a home for crossbred dogs and a club for rodents. Doctor Dolittle's Zoo is different from all others because there are no cages; the animals stay there voluntarily and are free to leave whenever they want. The doctor also takes time to solve a mystery with the aid of Kling, the Dog Detective.

<i>Doctor Dolittles Garden</i> The seventh work of Doctor Dolittle Books, the author was Hugh Lofting

Doctor Dolittle's Garden (1927) is the eighth book in Hugh Lofting's Doctor Dolittle series of children's books.

<i>Doctor Dolittles Return</i> The ninth work of Doctor Dolittle books authored by Hugh Lofting

Doctor Dolittle's Return, published in 1933, is the ninth book in Hugh Lofting's Doctor Dolittle series. The book was published five years after the publication of Doctor Dolittle in the Moon and continues the plot line begun in that book. Lofting originally intended to end the series with Doctor Dolittle in the Moon, but for some reason changed his mind and the book was published.

<i>Dr. Dolittle</i> (1998 film) 1998 film directed by Betty Thomas

Dr. Dolittle is a 1998 American fantasy comedy film directed by Betty Thomas, written by Larry Levin and Nat Mauldin, and starring Eddie Murphy in the title role along with Ossie Davis and Oliver Platt. The film was based on the series of children's stories of the same name by Hugh Lofting, but used no material from any of the novels; the main connection is the titular character Dr. John Dolittle and his ability to talk to animals, although the Pushmi-Pullyu, a much-loved feature of the books, notably makes a very brief appearance in a couple of scenes. The first novel, The Story of Doctor Dolittle (1920) had originally and previously been filmed in 1967 as a musical of the same name, which was a closer adaptation of the book. The film was a box-office success, although it received mixed reviews from critics upon release.

<i>Gub Gubs Book</i> The spin-off of Doctor Dolittle Books, the author was Hugh Lofting

Gub Gub's Book: An Encyclopedia of Food: In Twenty Volumes is a 1932 children's book in the Doctor Dolittle series by Hugh Lofting.

Doctor Dolittle is a 1970–1971 Saturday morning animated series produced by DePatie–Freleng Enterprises in association with 20th Century Fox Television. The series is loosely based on the books by Hugh Lofting, as well as the 1967 film of the same title which center around Doctor Dolittle, an animal doctor who has the ability to talk to animals.

<i>Doctor Dolittles Post Office</i> The third Doctor Dolittle book by Hugh Lofting

Doctor Dolittle's Post Office is the third of Hugh Lofting's Doctor Dolittle books. Set on the West Coast of Africa, the 1923 book follows the episodic format of most other books in the series. In the beginning of the book, Doctor Dolittle helps to capture a slave trader's ship, then organizes the postal service of a small African kingdom, Fantippo, ruled over by King Koko. Mobilizing migrating birds to carry people's mail from continent to continent, Doctor Dolittle effectively anticipates the 20th century invention of air mail. Over the course of later chapters, he discovers a hidden island populated by prehistoric creatures, gets thrown into another African jail, invents animal alphabets, and defeats at least two armies. Each of the animals in the Dolittle family also tells a personal story. The postal program grows into a worldwide postal and publishing service for the benefit of animals everywhere.

<i>Doctor Dolittles Circus</i> The fourth Doctor Dolittle book by Hugh Lofting

Doctor Dolittle's Circus, written by Hugh Lofting and published in 1924 by Frederick A. Stokes, is set in England sometime between the original story and the later voyages narrated by Stubbins. It was one of the novels in the series which was adapted into the film Doctor Dolittle.

<i>Doctor Dolittles Caravan</i> Sixth work of Doctor Dolittle Books, the author was Hugh Lofting

Doctor Dolittle's Caravan is a novel written by Hugh Lofting and published in 1926 by Frederick A. Stokes. It deals with the titular character's bird opera, centering on a female green canary named Pippinella. It is one of many books Hugh Lofting authored about Doctor John Dolittle.

<i>Doctor Dolittle and the Green Canary</i> Eleventh work of Doctor Dolittle Books, the author was Hugh Lofting

Doctor Dolittle and the Green Canary is a Doctor Dolittle book written by Hugh Lofting. Although much of the material had been printed originally in 1924 for the Herald Tribune Syndicate, Lofting planned to complete the story in the book form but never finished before he died. Lofting's wife's sister, dancer Olga Fricker, completed the book and was published posthumously in 1950. Everything except the first and last chapter are by Lofting.

<i>Doctor Dolittles Puddleby Adventures</i> Final work of Doctor Dolittle Books short stories, the author was Hugh Lofting

Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures is a collection of short stories written and illustrated by Hugh Lofting, published posthumously as twelfth and last in the Doctor Dolittle series of children's fiction. The stories and illustrations were distributed during the 1920s by the Herald Tribune Syndicate and all may been published in the New York Herald Tribune newspaper, among others. The 1952 collection was their first appearance in book form.

<i>Dolittle</i> (film) 2020 film by Stephen Gaghan

Dolittle is a 2020 American fantasy adventure film directed by Stephen Gaghan from a screenplay by Gaghan, Dan Gregor, and Doug Mand, based on a story by Thomas Shepherd. Dolittle is based on the title character created by Hugh Lofting and is primarily inspired by the author's second Doctor Dolittle book, The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922). Robert Downey Jr. stars as the title character, alongside Antonio Banderas and Michael Sheen in live-action roles, with Emma Thompson, Rami Malek, John Cena, Kumail Nanjiani, Octavia Spencer, Tom Holland, Craig Robinson, Ralph Fiennes, Selena Gomez, and Marion Cotillard voicing an array of creatures.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olga Fricker</span> Canadian Dancer

Olga Marguerite Fricker was a Canadian-born dancer, educator and choreographer, a proponent of the Cecchetti method of ballet training. She is also associated with the Doctor Dolittle children's stories of her brother-in-law, Hugh Lofting.

The Dr. Dolittle franchise consists of American feature-length family films, based on the book series written by Hugh Lofting, Doctor Dolittle. Like their source material, the plot of each respective film follows the titular characters' adventures given their abilities to communicate with animals. The series consists of the original fantasy-period piece musical movie, a contemporary comedy remake, and a period piece fantasy-adventure reboot.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Schmidt, G. D. (1992). Hugh Lofting. New York: Twayne Publishing
  2. Goddard, J. (2005). "The Knife Man: the Extraordinary Life and Times of John Hunter, Father of Modern Surgery". J R Soc Med. 98 (7): 335. doi:10.1177/014107680509800718. PMC   1168927 .
  3. Conniff, Richard (27 February 2011). "How Species Save Our Lives". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-03-31.
  4. https://www.asahi.com/special/dolittle/ (in Japanese)
  5. "I can never be quite sure of my age", said Polynesia. "It's either a hundred and eighty-three or a hundred and eighty-two. But I know that when I first came here from Africa, King Charles was still hiding in the oak-tree — because I saw him. He looked scared to death". ... "Dear old Africa!" sighed Polynesia. "It's good to get back. Just think — it'll be a hundred and sixty-nine years to-morrow since I was here!" — The Story of Doctor Dolittle
  6. "Of course now, when almost everybody in the whole world has heard about Doctor Dolittle and his books, if you were to go to that little house in Puddleby where my father had his cobbler's shop you would see, set in the wall over the old-fashioned door, a stone with writing in it which says: 'JOHN DOLITTLE, THE FAMOUS NATURALIST, PLAYED THE FLUTE IN THIS HOUSE IN THE YEAR 1839'". — The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle, part 1, chapter 6.
  7. "Total Lunar Eclipse of 31 May, 1844". 31 July 2021.
  8. "There were several high trees near the house; and at half-past ten the moon looked as though it might very soon be hidden by their top branches—that is, if one tried to watch the eclipse from the garden". — Doctor Dolittle"s return, chapter 3
  9. "Yes, I discovered the North Pole in April, 1809. But shortly after I got there the polar bears came to me in a body and told me there was a great deal of coal there, buried beneath the snow. They knew, they said, that human beings would do anything, and go anywhere, to get coal. So would I please keep it a secret". — The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle, part 2, chapter 11.
  10. Schmidt, G.D. (1992). Hugh Lofting. New York: Twayne Publishing
  11. In Part 1, Chapter 1 of Circus, Matthew Mugg says to Dolittle, "I got your letter about the sparrow." This refers to a letter written in Part 2, Chapter 1 of Post Office. In Circus Part 1, Chapter 6, Sophie the seal says she heard about the Doctor through the animals' post office. Part 1, Chapter 7, concerns a seagull who brought Dolittle "the warning about Cape Stephen Light," an incident from Post Office.
  12. Circus begins with the pushmi-pullyu's arrival in England, and the Prologue of Post Office states that it takes place after the pushmi-pullyu has had "a long stay in England."
  13. "Dr. Dolittle and His Animals" via www.imdb.com.
  14. 1 2 "Doctor Dolittle (1967)". Turner Classic Movies.
  15. Doctor Dolittle (TV series)
  16. "The Voyages of Young Doctor Dolittle" via www.imdb.com.
  17. Alan Bennett: Doctor Dolittle Stories: Classic readings from the BBC archive (Classic Readings from the BBC Archives): Amazon.co.uk: Hugh Lofting, Alan Bennett: 9781785296833: Books. ASIN   1785296833.
  18. "Doctor Dolittle". techsciencenews.com. Archived from the original on 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2018-04-26.
  19. Doctor Dolittle (musical)
  20. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-04-26. Retrieved 2018-04-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  21. "Doctor Dolittle" via www.imdb.com.
  22. "Robert Downey Jr. to star in The Voyage of Doctor Dolittle". The List. 21 March 2017.
  23. Kuriy, Sergei (4 April 2012). Является ли "Айболит" К. Чуковского плагиатом "Доктора Дулиттла"? [Is Chukovsky's Doctor Aybolit a plagiarism of Doctor Dolittle?] (in Russian). Retrieved 24 October 2013. In 1924, Dolittle garnered noticed in Soviet Russia. A publisher ordered two translations. The first was designed for older children, and was written by E. Khavkin. This version was subsequently forgotten and never republished. The second version bore the title Гай Лофтинг. Доктор Айболит. Для маленьких детей пересказал К. Чуковский [Hugh Lofting. Doctor Veterinarian. For young children, as told by K. Chukovsky].
  24. Chukovsky, Korney. "The Story of my 'Doctor Dolittle'". Archived from the original on 13 February 2008. Retrieved 24 October 2013.