Double disc (Pictish symbol)

Last updated

Aberlemno 1; Class I stone with double disc and Z rod Serpent stone.JPG
Aberlemno 1; Class I stone with double disc and Z rod

The double disc is a Pictish symbol of unknown meaning that is frequently found on Class I and Class II Pictish stones, [1] as well as on Pictish metalwork. [2] [3] The symbol can be found with and without an overlaid Z-rod (also of unknown meaning), and in combinations of both (as with the Monifieth 1 stone).

In his Rhind lecture of 14 October 1880 Joseph Anderson said of the double-disc and Z-rod and of the crescent and V-rod:

Bearing in mind that they are Christian, and that it is impossible to give them any older or more restricted attribution, it is plain that there is but one symbol which equals them in importance, if that be judged by the frequency of their occurrence and the universality of their application. That symbol is the cross, the common emblem of the central doctrine of the Christian faith. Whatever may have been the significance attached to these symbols, it could not have been of a trivial or unimportant character. From their prominent place in the system of symbolism, ... their arbitrary significance appears to have been considered ... almost equal to that ... of the cross itself, with which they are so often associated. [4]

This does not mean that the symbols did not predate the adoption of Christianity by the Picts: rather, that after the conversion the symbols acquired Christian meaning which made them suitable for depiction on Christian monuments.[ citation needed ]

The double disc and Z rod appears in the top border of the back of the Hilton of Cadboll stone where the left, right and bottom border depict vine-scrolls representing the True Vine. Paintings and icons of the True Vine show Christ at the top centre, so this may have been the meaning of the Pictish symbol.[ citation needed ]

Alternatively, like other Pictish symbols, it may have been a clan or lineage indicator.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pictish stone</span> Monuments erected by early Scottish tribes

A Pictish stone is a type of monumental stele, generally carved or incised with symbols or designs. A few have ogham inscriptions. Located in Scotland, mostly north of the Clyde-Forth line and on the Eastern side of the country, these stones are the most visible remaining evidence of the Picts and are thought to date from the 6th to 9th century, a period during which the Picts became Christianized. The earlier stones have no parallels from the rest of the British Isles, but the later forms are variations within a wider Insular tradition of monumental stones such as high crosses. About 350 objects classified as Pictish stones have survived, the earlier examples of which holding by far the greatest number of surviving examples of the mysterious symbols, which have long intrigued scholars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monifieth</span> Town in Angus, Scotland

Monifieth is a town and former police burgh in the council area of Angus, Scotland. It is situated on the north bank of the Firth of Tay on the east coast. In 2016, the population of Monifieth was estimated at 8,110, making it the fifth largest town in Angus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hilton of Cadboll Stone</span> Class II Pictish stone in Scotland

The Hilton of Cadboll Stone is a Class II Pictish stone discovered at Hilton of Cadboll, on the East coast of the Tarbat Peninsula in Easter Ross, Scotland and now in the National Museum of Scotland. It is one of the most magnificent of all Pictish cross-slabs. Until its felling in a storm in 1674, it faced East - West in a natural amphitheatre about 100m from the shore, which runs NE - SW. Like other similar stones, it can be dated to about AD 800.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clach Biorach</span> Neolithic standing stone in Scotland

Clach Chairidh, alternatively named Clach Biorach, is a Class I Pictish stone located in a field near the village of Edderton in Easter Ross.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rodney's Stone</span>

Rodney's Stone is a two-metre high Pictish cross slab now located close on the approach way to Brodie Castle, near Forres, Moray, Scotland. It was originally found nearby in the grounds of the old church of Dyke and Moy. It is classed as a Class II Pictish stone, meaning that it has a cross on one face, and symbols on the other. On the symbols face, at the top, are two fish monsters; below is a "Pictish Beast", and below that a double disc and Z-rod. On the cross face there is a cross and some animals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buckquoy spindle-whorl</span>

The Buckquoy spindle-whorl is an Ogham-inscribed spindle-whorl dating from the Early Middle Ages, probably the 8th century, which was found in 1970 in Buckquoy, Birsay, Orkney, Scotland. Made of sandy limestone, it is about 36 mm in diameter and 10 mm thick. It is the only known spindle-whorl with an Ogham inscription.

The Dingwall Stone is a Class I Pictish stone located in Dingwall, Easter Ross, Scotland. It is thought by some to be of Bronze Age origin, and contains several cup and ring marks alleged to date from that period. If it had been used in the Bronze Age, the Picts later reused it. On one side it has a crescent and v-rod, and on the other a double disc and Z-rod with another two crescents and Z-rods below. It was being used as a lintel over a doorway in the church when it was identified in 1880.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eassie Stone</span>

The Eassie Stone is a Class II Pictish stone of about the mid 8th century AD in the village of Eassie, Angus, Scotland. The stone was found in Eassie burn in the late 18th century and now resides in a purpose-built perspex building in the ruined Eassie church.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fiskavaig</span> Human settlement in Scotland

Fiskavaig or Fiscavaig is a picturesque crofting settlement on the north-west shore of the Minginish peninsula, Isle of Skye in the Highland Council area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glamis Manse Stone</span>

The Glamis Manse Stone, also known as Glamis 2, is a Class II Pictish stone at the village of Glamis, Angus, Scotland. Dating from the 9th century, it is located outside the Manse, close to the parish church. It is inscribed on one side with a Celtic cross and on the other with a variety of Pictish symbols. It is a scheduled monument.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dunnichen Stone</span>

The Dunnichen Stone is a class I Pictish symbol stone that was discovered in 1811 at Dunnichen, Angus. It probably dates to the 7th century AD.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monifieth sculptured stones</span>

The Monifieth Sculptured Stones are a series of five class II and III standing Pictish stones from the early Medieval period found in or around St Regulus' church in Monifieth, Angus, Scotland. Uncovered during the demolition of a pre-Reformation church and its kirkyard wall in the 19th and 20th centuries, the stones are now housed in the collection of the Museum of Scotland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Whitecleuch Chain</span> Pictish silver ornamant chain

The Whitecleuch Chain is a large Pictish silver chain that was found in Whitecleuch, Lanarkshire, Scotland in 1869. A high status piece, it is likely to have been worn as a choker neck ornament for ceremonial purposes. It dates from around 400 to 800 AD.

The Aberlemno Sculptured Stones are a series of Pictish standing stones originating in and around the village of Aberlemno, Angus, Scotland. Three are located in the village and a fourth, found in 1962, is on display in The McManus in Dundee. They date from the Early Medieval period. A fifth stone standing in the village has signs of carving, but is of unknown authenticity as a Pictish artefact.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Woodwrae Stone</span>

The Woodwrae Stone is a Class II Pictish Stone that was found in 1819 when the foundations of the old castle at Woodwrae, Angus, Scotland were cleared. It had been reused as a floor slab in the kitchen of the castle. Following its removal from the castle, it was donated to the collection of Sir Walter Scott at Abbotsford House. It is now on display at the Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Orland's Stone</span> Cross slab in Angus, Scotland, UK

St Orland's Stone is a Class II Pictish Cross-Slab at Cossans, near Kirriemuir and Forfar, Angus, Scotland

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hunter's Hill Stone</span>

The Hunter's Hill Stone, otherwise known as the Glamis 1 Stone, is a Class II Pictish standing stone at Hunter's Hill to the south east of Glamis village, Angus, Scotland.

Inchyra is a hamlet in the Carse of Gowrie in Scotland. It lies on the northern bank of the River Tay near Perth and is notable particularly for a number of archaeological finds made in the immediate vicinity.

The crescent is a Pictish symbol that is found occasionally on its own on Class I and Class II Pictish stones but, overlaid with a V-rod, is the most frequently-occurring symbol. The V-rod never appears on its own and its only other appearance is overlaid on an arch at Migvie. The symbol is found in combination with other symbols, notably with the double disc and z-rod. which is the next most common symbol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dyce stones</span>

The Dyce stones are a collection of Pictish and Early Medieval sculptured stones that are housed in a shelter in the ruined St Fergus's Chapel, Dyce, Aberdeen, Scotland. There are two larger stones, known as Dyce I and Dyce II, that bear idiomatically Pictish symbols, as well as several smaller sculptured stones.

References

  1. Fraser, Iain (2008), The Pictish Symbol Stones of Scotland, Edinburgh: Royal Commission on the Ancienct and Historic Monuments of Scotland
  2. Graham-Campbell, James (1991), "Nome's Law, Fife: on the nature and dating of the silver hoard" (PDF), Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 121: 241–259, doi:10.9750/PSAS.121.241.260, archived from the original (PDF) on 11 June 2007, retrieved 2 August 2010
  3. Clark, J Gilchrist (1880), "Notes on a Gold Lunette found at Auchentaggart, Dumfriesshire, and a Massive Silver Chain found at Whitecleugh, Lanarkshire, exhibited by His Grace The Duke of Buccleuch." (PDF), Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 14: 222–224, doi:10.9750/PSAS.014.222.224 , retrieved 1 August 2010
  4. Anderson, Joseph (1880). Scotland in Early Christian Times (Second Series). Edinburgh: David Douglas (published 1881). pp. 188–189.