Dropped line

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In poetry, a dropped line is a line which is broken into two lines, but where the second part is indented to the horizontal position it would have had as an unbroken line.

Contents

For example, in the poem "The Other Side of the River" by Charles Wright, the first and second lines form a dropped line, as do the fourth and fifth lines: [1]

It's linkage I'm talking about,

and harmonies and structures,

And all the various things that lock our wrists to the past.
Something infinite behind everything appears,

and then disappears.
Charles Wright, The Other Side of the River

Use in modern poetry

Dropped lines have a variety of functions and uses. In Robert Denham's words, a dropped line is "a spatial as well as temporal feature, affecting both the eye and ear."[ This quote needs a citation ] It may be used to determine the visual appearance of the line as a whole. Wright, for example, uses dropped lines to reference landscape paintings, especially by Paul Cézanne and Giorgio Morandi, explaining why his use of dropped line "can be seen as imitating the sense of horizontal rhythm prevalent in paintings by Cézanne." [2] Modern poets who are known for using dropped lines include Wright, Carl Phillips, and Edward Hirsch. [3] [4]

Use in dramatic texts

Lines which are broken between two voices, as in the first two lines in the following scene in Hamlet , may also be called dropped lines. In this case, the line is broken to reflect a change in character while preserving a steady iambic pentameter across the entire line. In classical tragedy this technique of dividing a single verse line between two or more characters is called antilabe and functions "as a means of heightening dramatic tension." [5] It was "frequently utilized by Renaissance dramatists" [6] such as Shakespeare:

HAMLET

Did you not speak to it?

MARCELLUS

My lord, I did;
But answer made it none: yet once methought
It lifted up its head and did address
Itself to motion, like as it would speak;
William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act I, Scene II

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Shakespeares writing style

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Sonnet 83 poem by William Shakespeare

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Antilabe is a rhetorical technique in verse drama or closet drama, in which a single verse line of dialogue is distributed on two or more characters, voices, or entities. The verse usually maintains its metric integrity, while the line fragments spoken by the characters may or may not be complete sentences. In the layout of the text the line fragments following the first one are often indented to show the unity of the verse line.

BRUTUS:

CLITUS:

A line is a unit of language into which a poem or play is divided. The use of a line operates on principles which are distinct from and not necessarily coincident with grammatical structures, such as the sentence or single clauses in sentences. Although the word for a single poetic line is verse, that term now tends to be used to signify poetic form more generally. A line break is the termination of the line of a poem and the beginning of a new line.

References

  1. Parini, Jay; Millier, Brett Candlish (1999), The Columbia History of American Poetry, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 799
  2. Moffett, Joe (2008), Understanding Charles Wright, Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, p. 8
  3. Hankins, Luke (4 November 2010). "A Way of Happening: Carl Phillips: A Review and an Interview". A Way of Happening. Retrieved 20 January 2011.
  4. Hirsch, Edward (April 2000). "Borzoi Reader". Borzoi Reader. Retrieved 20 January 2011.
  5. Eggenberger, David. McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama. Volume 1. 1972, p. 219.
  6. Eggenberger, p. 219.