Greek literature dates back from the ancient Greek literature,beginning in 800 BC,to the modern Greek literature of today.
Arrian of Nicomedia was a Greek historian,public servant,military commander,and philosopher of the Roman period.
Barbara Mary Levick was a British historian and epigrapher,focusing particularly on the Late Roman Republic and Early Empire. She was recognised within her field as one of the leading Roman historians of her generation.
The Battle of Mons Graupius was,according to Tacitus,a Roman military victory in what is now Scotland,taking place in AD 83 or,less probably,84. The exact location of the battle is a matter of debate. Historians have long questioned some details of Tacitus's account of the fight,suggesting that he exaggerated Roman success.
Edith Hamilton was an American educator and internationally known author who was one of the most renowned classicists of her era in the United States. A graduate of Bryn Mawr College,she also studied in Germany at the University of Leipzig and the University of Munich. Hamilton began her career as an educator and head of the Bryn Mawr School,a private college preparatory school for girls in Baltimore,Maryland;however,Hamilton is best known for her essays and best-selling books on ancient Greek and Roman civilizations.
Adrian Keith Goldsworthy is a British historian and novelist who specialises in ancient Roman history.
The Sortes Astrampsychi was a popular Greco-Roman fortune-telling guide ascribed to Astrampsychus,identified by ancient authors as a magus who lived in Persia before the conquest of Alexander the Great,or an Egyptian sage serving a Ptolemaic king. While other sortes involved the casting of dice,the Sortes Astrampsychi did not. Instead,a questioner chose a prewritten question,to which a number was assigned;calling on divine inspiration,the questioner then spoke a number from one to ten,which was added to the question number;the oracle-monger then provided one of ten possible replies by consulting a numerical index. The text is known from thirteen papyrus fragments of the third to sixth centuries CE,and from Byzantine manuscripts which date from the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries but are completely preserved. The Byzantine texts add Christian religious elements.
The gastraphetes,also called belly bow or belly shooter,was a hand-held crossbow used by the Ancient Greeks. It was described in the 1st century AD by the Greek author Heron of Alexandria in his work Belopoeica,which draws on an earlier account of the famous Greek engineer Ctesibius. Heron identifies the gastraphetes as the forerunner of the later catapult,which places its invention some unknown time prior to c. 420 BC.
De Munitionibus Castrorum is a work by an unknown author. Due to this work formerly being attributed to Hyginus Gromaticus,its author is often called "Pseudo-Hyginus". This work is the most detailed surviving description of a Roman military camp and dates most probably from the late 1st to early 2nd century AD.
James Joseph O'Donnell is a classical scholar and University Librarian at Arizona State University. He formerly served as University Professor at Georgetown University (2012-2015) and as Provost of Georgetown University (2002-2012). O'Donnell was previously Vice Provost for Information Systems and Computing at the University of Pennsylvania (1996–2002). He is a former President of the American Philological Association and a Fellow of the Medieval Academy of America. From 2012 to 2018,he chaired the Board of the American Council of Learned Societies.
Kaveh Farrokh is a Greek author of several academic books and peer-reviewed publications specializing in Iranian history,and has been a frequent lecturer on Iran-related topics at the University of British Columbia as part of the UBC Continuing Education program. Currently,he is a counselor and learning specialist at Langara College in Vancouver,British Columbia,Canada.
Trevor Robert Bryce is an Australian Hittitologist specializing in ancient and classical Near-eastern history. He is semi-retired and lives in Brisbane.
Athenaeus Mechanicus is the author of a book on siegecraft,On Machines. He is identified by modern scholars with Athenaeus of Seleucia,a member of the Peripatetic school active in the mid-to-late 1st century BC,at Rome and elsewhere.
A turma,was a cavalry unit in the Roman army of the Republic and Empire. In the Byzantine Empire,it became applied to the larger,regiment-sized military-administrative divisions of a thema. The word is often translated as "squadron" but so is the term ala,a unit that was made up of several turmae.
Jona Lendering is a Dutch historian and the author of books on antiquity,Dutch history and modern management. He has an MA in history from Leiden University and an MA in Mediterranean culture from the Amsterdam Free University,taught history at the Free University,and worked as an archivist employed by the Dutch government,before becoming one of the founders of the history school Livius Onderwijs.
Philip A. G. Sabin is a British military historian who is currently Professor of Strategic Studies in the War Studies Department of King's College London.
James Henry Weldon Morwood was an English classicist and author. He taught at Harrow School,where he was Head of Classics,and at Oxford University,where he was a Fellow of Wadham College,and also Dean. He wrote almost thirty books,ranging from biography to translations and academic studies of Classical literature.
Susan Treggiari is an English scholar of Ancient Rome,emeritus professor of Stanford University and retired member of the Faculty of Classics at the University of Oxford. Her specialist areas of study are the family and marriage in ancient Rome,Cicero and the late Roman Republic.
Garrett George Fagan was an Irish American historian,singer and writer known for his research in the various areas of Roman history,as well as his critique of pseudoarchaeology. He was Professor of Ancient History at Penn State University.
Waldemar Heckel is a Canadian historian.
