Dwi Rubiyanti Kholifah, commonly known as Ruby Kholifah, is an Indonesian Women's rights leader and Human rights activist. [1] [2] [3] She is the Indonesian director of the Asian Muslim Action Network (AMAN).
Dwi Rubiyanti Kholifah, commonly known as Ruby Kholifah, is an Indonesian Women's rights leader and Human rights activist. [1] [2] [3] She is the Indonesian director of the Asian Muslim Action Network (AMAN).
Kholifah was born and raised in Indonesia, and completed a bachelor’s degree in literature from Universitas Jember, Indonesia and a master’s degree in health and social science at Mahidol University in Thailand, where she studied the sexual health and practices of young women in traditional Islamic schools (Pesantren). [4] [1] She has also been an activist with the Nahdlatul Ulama. [5] She joined the Asian Muslim Action Network in 2005 as coordinator of the research fellowship program. [4]
She is currently Indonesia's director for the Asian Muslim Action Network, focusing on women in peacebuilding and interfaith cooperation. [1] [6] In 2014 she was selected as an Asia Foundation Development Fellow. [7] In 2016 she was recipient of the N-Peace Award. [8] She has spoken out about such topics as the wearing of the Hijab, rights for victims of Rape, interfaith relations, Terrorism, rights for the Ahmadiyya minority, Transgender rights, and other issues. [4] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]
She was recognized as one of the BBC's 100 women of 2014. [14]
Within the Muslim world, sentiment towards LGBTQ people varies and has varied between societies and individual Muslims. While colloquial and in many cases de facto official acceptance of at least some homosexual behavior was commonplace in pre-modern periods, later developments, starting from the 19th century, have created a generally hostile environment for LGBTQ people. Most Muslim-majority countries have opposed moves to advance LGBTQ rights and recognition at the United Nations (UN), including within the UN General Assembly and the UN Human Rights Council.
The views of the various different religions and religious believers regarding human sexuality range widely among and within them, from giving sex and sexuality a rather negative connotation to believing that sex is the highest expression of the divine. Some religions distinguish between human sexual activities that are practised for biological reproduction and those practised only for sexual pleasure in evaluating relative morality.
Abdurrahman Wahid, more colloquially known as Gus Dur, was an Indonesian politician and Islamic religious leader who served as the fourth president of Indonesia, from his election in 1999 until he was removed from office in 2001. A long time leader within the Nahdlatul Ulama organization, he was the founder of the National Awakening Party (PKB). He was the son of Minister of Religious Affairs Wahid Hasyim, and the grandson of Nahdatul Ulama founder Hasyim Asy'ari. Due to a visual impairment caused by glaucoma, he was blind in the left eye and partially blind in his right eye. He was the first president of Indonesia to have had physical disabilities. The name Abdurrahman Wahid means "Servant of Mercy the First."
In the Indian subcontinent, hijra are transgender, intersex, or eunuch people who live in communities that follow a kinship system known as the guru-chela system. They are also known as aravani and aruvani, and in Pakistan, khawaja sira.
In Islamic law (sharia), marriage is a legal and social contract between two individuals. Marriage is an act of Islam and is strongly recommended. Polygyny is permitted in Islam under some conditions, but polyandry is forbidden.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in Pakistan face legal and social difficulties and persecution compared to non-LGBTQ persons. Pakistani law prescribes criminal penalties for same-sex sexual acts.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ+)-affirming religious groups are religious groups that welcome LGBT people as their members, do not consider homosexuality as a sin or negative, and affirm LGBT rights and relationships. They include entire religious denominations, as well as individual congregations and places of worship. Some groups are mainly composed of non-LGBTQ+ members and they also have specific programs to welcome LGBTQ+ people into them, while other groups are mainly composed of LGBTQ+ members.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Malaysia face severe challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Sodomy is a crime in the country, with laws enforced arbitrarily. Extrajudicial murders of LGBT people have also occurred in the country. There are no Malaysian laws that protect the LGBT community against discrimination and hate crimes. As such, the LGBT demographic in the country are hard to ascertain due to widespread fears from being ostracised and prosecuted, including violence.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in Indonesia face legal challenges and prejudices not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Traditional social norms disapprove of homosexuality and gender transitioning, which impacts public policy. Indonesian same-sex couples and households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for any of the legal protections available to opposite-sex married couples. Most parts of Indonesia do not have a sodomy law, and the country does not currently prohibit non-commercial, private and consensual sexual activity between members of the same-sex, yet there is no specific Indonesian law that protects the LGBT community against discrimination and hate crimes. In Aceh, homosexuality is illegal under Islamic Sharia law and it is punishable by flogging or imprisonment. Indonesia does not recognize same-sex marriage.
The relationship between religion and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people can vary greatly across time and place, within and between different religions and sects, and regarding different forms of homosexuality, bisexuality, non-binary, and transgender identities. More generally, the relationship between religion and sexuality ranges widely among and within them, from giving sex and sexuality a rather negative connotation to believing that sex is the highest expression of the divine.
Homosexuality in Indonesia is generally considered a taboo subject by both Indonesian civil society and the government. Public discussion of homosexuality in Indonesia has been inhibited because human sexuality in any form is rarely discussed or depicted openly. Traditional religious mores tend to disapprove of homosexuality and cross-dressing.
Imam Shamsi Ali is a prominent Indonesian Muslim Scholar known for promoting interfaith dialogues among Abrahamic Religions in United States and the Chairman of the Al-Hikmah Mosque and the Director of Jamaica Muslim Center in Jamaica, Queens, New York City.
Siti Musdah Mulia is an Indonesian women's rights activist and professor of religion. She was the first woman appointed as a research professor at the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, and is currently a lecturer of Islamic political thought at the School of Graduate Studies at Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University. Since 2007, Musdah has served as chairperson of the NGO Indonesian Conference on Religion and Peace, which aims to promote interfaith dialogue in Indonesia. She also served as director of the Megawati Institute, a think-tank established by former president Megawati Soekarnoputri.
Nisha Ayub is a Malaysian transgender rights activist. Ayub is the co-founder of the community-run SEED Foundation and transgender grassroots campaign Justice for Sisters and she was awarded the prestigious International Women of Courage Award in 2016.
Saskia Eleonora Wieringa is a Dutch sociologist. She is a professor of Gender and Women's Same-Sex Relations Crossculturally at the Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences at the University of Amsterdam. The area of study was established by the Foundation for Lesbian and Gay Studies and sponsored by Hivos. From 1 April 2005 to 19 April 2012, she served as the director of Aletta, Institute for Women's History in Amsterdam.
Pondok Pesantren Waria Al-Fatah is a Madrasa in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, for waria people. Shinta Ratri founded it with two other waria in 2008, after several waria lives were claimed by the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake. Ratri believed that the pesantren was the first madrasa for transgender people anywhere in the world.
Khofifah Indar Parawansa is an Indonesian politician who served as the 14th Governor of East Java from 2019 to 2024, and the 27th Minister of Social Affairs from 2014 to 2018.
Julia Indiati Suryakusuma is an Indonesian feminist, journalist, and author. She is known for her outspoken writing on sexuality, gender, politics and religion. She has been described as Indonesia's most provocative columnist.
Feminism in Pakistan refers to the set of movements which aim to define, establish, and defend the rights of women in Pakistan.This may involve the pursuit of equal political, economic, and social rights, alongside equal opportunity. These movements have historically been shaped in response to national and global reconfiguration of power, including colonialism, nationalism, Islamization, dictatorship, democracy, and the War on Terror. The relationship between the women's movement and the Pakistani state has undergone significant shifts from mutual accommodation to confrontation and conflict.
Habib Bahar bin Smith is a preacher from Manado, North Sulawesi. Bahar is the leader and founder of the Prophet's Defender Council headquartered in Pondok Aren, South Tangerang. In addition, he is also the founder of Pondok Pesantren Tajul Alawiyyin in Kemang, Bogor Regency. Bahar is known as a preacher who often provokes the masses with negative language. In each of his lectures, Habib Bahar was always accompanied and closely guarded by Islamic Defenders Front (FPI), and he was frequently accompanied by the Multipurpose Ansor Front when he preached in a place where his people were affiliated with Nahdlatul Ulama. His wife is claimed to be a descendant of Muhammad via Fatima az-Zahra.
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