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Chuquicamata is the largest open pit copper mine in terms of excavated volume in the world. It is located in the north of Chile, just outside Calama, at 2,850 m (9,350 ft) above sea level. It is 215 km (134 mi) northeast of Antofagasta and 1,240 km (770 mi) north of the capital, Santiago. Flotation and smelting facilities were installed in 1952, and expansion of the refining facilities in 1968 made 500,000 tons annual copper production possible in the late 1970s. Previously part of Anaconda Copper, the mine is now owned and operated by Codelco, a Chilean state enterprise, since the Chilean nationalization of copper in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Its depth of 850 metres (2,790 ft) makes it the second deepest open-pit mine in the world, after Bingham Canyon Mine in Utah, United States.
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The nationalization of the Chilean copper industry, commonly described as the Chileanization of copper was the process by which the Chilean government acquired control of the major foreign-owned section of the Chilean copper mining industry. It involved the three huge mines known as 'La Gran Mineria' and three smaller operations. The Chilean-owned smaller copper mines were not affected. The process started under the government of President Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, and culminated during the government of President Salvador Allende, who completed the nationalization. This "act of sovereignty" was the espoused basis for a later international economic boycott, which further isolated Chile from the world economy, worsening the state of political polarization that led to the 1973 Chilean coup d'état.
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El Salvador mine is a combined open pit and underground copper mine located in Chile and owned by the state owned copper mining company Codelco. The mine is located in the company town of El Salvador.
The mining sector in Chile is one of the pillars of Chilean economy and copper exports alone stands for more than one third of government income. Most mining in Chile is concentrated to the Norte Grande region spanning most of the Atacama Desert. Mining products of Chile includes copper, gold, silver, molybdenum, iron and coal. Chile was, in 2019, the world's largest producer of copper, iodine and rhenium, the second largest producer of lithium and molybdenum, the sixth largest producer of silver, the seventh largest producer of salt, the eighth largest producer of potash, the thirteenth producer of sulfur and the thirteenth producer of iron ore in the world. In the production of gold, between 2006 and 2017, the country produced annual quantities ranging from 35.9 tons in 2017 to 51.3 tons in 2013.
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Aurora Elvira Williams Baussa is a Chilean business engineer. She was the Chilean Minister of Mining from 11 March 2014 to 11 March 2016. In an August 2023 Cabinet reshuffle, Boric re-appointed Williams as Minister of Mining, where she would replace Marcela Hernando.
On July 23, 2021, following Pedro Castillo's electoral victory, mining communities near Las Bambas copper mine blocked the road used to transport the copper. The protesters claimed that local communities saw little benefit from the wealth generated by the mining.
André Sougarret is a Chilean mining engineer who is currently the CEO of Codelco. Previously he led the rescue efforts of the 2010 Copiapó mining accident, and has been director of El Teniente mine, and executive vice-president of Empresa Nacional de Minería. Following his leadership in the rescue of the 2010 Copiapó mining accident's 33 miners he was named "engineer of the year" and "mining engineer of the year" by the Chilean engineers' association. In the movie The 33 Sougarret was portrayed by Gabriel Byrne. The film incorrectly portrays Sougarett halting the rescue operation due to safety concerns, a decision he did not make in the real rescue effort.
References
- ↑ "Información General". enamiep.gob.ec. ENAMI. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ↑ "El Directorio de la Empresa Nacional Minera (ENAMI EP) se reúne hoy por primera ocasión". elmuercurio.com.ec. Diario El Mercurio. Archived from the original on 23 July 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ↑ "Minera estatal cuadriplicará sus ganancias en el 2014". telegrafo.com.ec. El Telégrafo . Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ↑ Matthew Craze and Nathan Gill (13 July 2012). "Codelco Seeks Entry to World-Class Ecuador Mine: Chamber". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ↑ "Ecuador: Copper Mine threatens spectacled bears".