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Kenneth David Kaunda, also known as KK, was a Zambian politician who served as the first President of Zambia from 1964 to 1991. He was at the forefront of the struggle for independence from British rule. Dissatisfied with Harry Nkumbula's leadership of the Northern Rhodesian African National Congress, he broke away and founded the Zambian African National Congress, later becoming the head of the socialist United National Independence Party (UNIP).
Rhodesia, officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the de facto successor state to the British colony of Southern Rhodesia, which had been self-governing since achieving responsible government in 1923. A landlocked nation, Rhodesia was bordered by South Africa to the south, Bechuanaland to the southwest, Zambia to the northwest, and Mozambique to the east. From 1965 to 1979, Rhodesia was one of two independent states on the African continent governed by a white minority of European descent and culture, the other being South Africa.
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Harry Wulfsohn was a partner in Susman Brothers & Wulfsohn. He was born on 10 March 1911 at Frauenburg, what was then the Russian Courland Governorate, now part of Latvia. In 1929, when he was eighteen years old, Harry's aunt invited him to travel to South Africa with his sister Marlie. Harry worked for some time in the bar of his aunt's hotel, but did not stay long in South Africa. By 1930, he had followed Marlie to Ndola, in the copper belt of Northern Rhodesia, where his sister married Abe Lowenithal, to whom she had been engaged before she left Latvia. However, Marlie died three years later. Her younger sister Hessie, who also followed her to Africa, become Abe's second wife in 1934.
Susman Brothers was a business partnership that united brothers Elie Susman and Harry Susman after they crossed the Zambezi river in 1901. The brothers were Jewish businessmen from Rietavas, western part of Russian Empire, now Lithuania. They founded, owned, and operated several large businesses in Africa. Elie Susman, the younger of the two, was the founder of Susman Brothers. However, it was not until 1907 that the business name of "E. Susman" was changed to "Susman Brothers".
The history of the Jews in Zambia goes back to the early 1900s. Jews were always a small community with a notable role in Zambian history. The history of the Jews in Zambia dates to 1901 when it was still under British Colonial rule. Northern Rhodesia was colonized in the 1890s by the British South Africa Company, otherwise known as BSAC. Initially, Northern Rhodesia was split into North-eastern and North-western Rhodesia. However, the BSAC united them in 1911 to form Northern Rhodesia, which has its capital in Livingstone, near Victoria Falls. Among the population of 1 million people, there were 1,500 white residents in Northern Rhodesia, of whom many were the Jewish settlers. Northern Rhodesia became under British Colonial Rule partially so that the British Government could increase the number of white individuals and settlers in the country, which would contribute to a wider strategy to increase the influence that the British has between Kenya and South Africa. The Jewish settlers were one of the dominant ethnic groups and became highly involved in local politics, with prominent Jewish figures driving the push for Zambian independence and African nationalist rhetoric. Northern Rhodesia’s fertile land, World War II, and independence from the British Colonial rule all had a profound impact on both immigration and emigration of Jewish refugees. The Jewish diaspora introduced trade and commerce into the region in both regional and urban areas through cattle trading, ranching, mining, communication networks, storefronts, transport, and butchery, amongst others. The Jewish settlers, whether they are Jewish through origin, birth, marriage, or confession, all formed a small, yet strong community. The Jews in Zambia were a Jewish diaspora cultural and religious settler minority group, which raises concerns about the notion of who is the coloniser, who is the colonised, who is the victim and who is the oppressor. This deems that it can be studied through a postcolonial framework. Following Zambia's independence in 1964, there was a large exodus of Jews and white individuals from the country. In 2022, there remains less than fifty Jews in Zambia.
Chambishi is a town in Kalulushi District in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia. According to the 2021 Census its population stands at slightly above 11,000. It is located on the T3 Road between the cities of Kitwe and Chingola.
Cinema of Zambia refers to the cinema and film industry of the country of Zambia.
References
- ↑ Kaplan, Mendel; Robertson, Marian (1 December 1986). Jewish roots in the South African economy. C. Struik. p. 344. ISBN 978-0-86977-320-8 . Retrieved 5 July 2011.
- ↑ Vickery, Kenneth Powers (1986). Black and White in southern Zambia: the Tonga Plateau economy and British imperialism, 1890-1939. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 83–. ISBN 978-0-313-25106-1 . Retrieved 5 July 2011.
- 1 2 East Africa and Rhodesia. Africana. 1957. p. 675. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
- ↑ "The First Mayor Of Kitwe – 1954". Kitwe On Line. 20 April 2011. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
- ↑ Nell, Louis (1998). Images of yesteryear. HarperCollins Publishers. p. 92. ISBN 978-1-77904-005-3 . Retrieved 5 July 2011.
- ↑ Baylies, Carolyn Louise (1978). Class formation and the state in Zambia. University of Wisconsin--Madison. p. 199. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
- ↑ Bruchmann, Rainer D. K. (2000). Caprivi: an African flashpoint : an illustrated history of Namibia's tropical region where four countries meet. Rainer D. K. Bruchmann. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-620-25752-7 . Retrieved 5 July 2011.
- ↑ Kaplan, p. 415
- ↑ Beerman's financial year book of Southern Africa: investors' manual and cyclopaedia of South African public companies. Combined Publishers. 1968. p. 447. Retrieved 5 July 2011.