Embo (Nguni ancestry)

Embo

AbaMbo / AmaMbo / eMbo
Regions with significant populations
Southeastern Africa
Languages
Proto- Nguni (ancestral)
Related ethnic groups
Nguni people, Swazi, Hlubi, Thembu, Mpondo

Embo (also AbaMbo, Abambu, Mbo, Mbos, AmaMbo, Abasembu, Amabambo or eMbo ^[1] ) refers to an ancestral grouping and historical ethnic identity of early Nguni-speaking peoples who settled in Southern Africa during the Bantu expansion. ^{[2] [3]}

Early European accounts from the 17th and 18th centuries refer to peoples identified as the Abambo along the southeastern coast of Southern Africa. ^[4]

In historical literature, the term Embo also refers to narrower Nguni groupings, such as the Embo-Nguni and sub-groups such as the Embo-Dlamini, which formed the modern Swazi people. ^[2] The group was active in the Maputaland-Lubombo region from the early modern period. ^[2]

They were distinguished by their cattle-based economy, crop farming and coastal trade. Historically, the Bantu-speaking people of the southern part of Africa came from the Katanga direction and continued to expand to the south along the east coast of Africa. ^{[5] [6]}

References

1. "Mbo". Dictionary of South African English. Retrieved 29 December 2025.
2. Sikhondze, Bonginkosi Bhutana. State Within A State: The History of the Evolution of the Mamba clan of Swaziland Transafrican Journal of History, vol. 15, 1986, pp. 144–63. JSTOR. Accessed 22 Dec. 2025.
3. Soga, J. Henderson (1930). The South‑Eastern Bantu: Abe‑Nguni, Aba‑Mbo, Ama‑Lala (PDF), Witwatersrand University Press
4. JSM Matsebula (1988). 3rd edition. Page 6
5. Atmore, Anthony (1982). Africa Since 1800 (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 15–16.
6. Wiedner, D. L. (1962). A History of Africa South of the Sahara. Vol. 1. MacFadden Books. pp. 15–32.