Entertainments National Service Association

Last updated

An ENSA concert party entertaining troops from the steps of a chateau in Normandy, 26 July 1944 An ENSA concert party entertaining troops from the steps of a chateau in Normandy, 26 July 1944. B8050.jpg
An ENSA concert party entertaining troops from the steps of a chateau in Normandy, 26 July 1944
ENSA Glamour Girls distribute cigarettes and beer to troops in North Africa, 26 July 1942. ENSA (Entertainments National Service Association) 'glamour girls' distribute cigarettes and beer to the troops in North Africa, 26 July 1942. E14919.jpg
ENSA Glamour Girls distribute cigarettes and beer to troops in North Africa, 26 July 1942.
Basil Dean.jpg
The founders of the ENSA, Basil Dean (above) and Leslie Henson (below)
Leslie Henson.jpg

The Entertainments National Service Association (ENSA) was an organisation established in 1939 by Basil Dean and Leslie Henson to provide entertainment for British armed forces personnel during World War II. ENSA operated as part of the Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes. In 1946 it was re-named to Combined Services Entertainment (CSE) [1] operating under the Services Sound and Vision Corporation (SSVC), until 2 March 2020, when the SSVC re-branded to the British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS), with the CSE likewise re-branding as BFBS Live Events. [2]

Contents

The first big wartime variety concert organised by ENSA was broadcast by the BBC to the Empire and local networks from RAF Hendon in north London on 17 October 1939. Among the entertainers appearing on the bill were Adelaide Hall, The Western Brothers and Mantovani. A newsreel of this concert showing Hall singing "We're Going to Hang out the Washing on the Siegfried Line" accompanied by Mantovani and His Orchestra exists. [3]

Many members of ENSA later had careers in the entertainment industry after the war, including actors Terry-Thomas, Peter Sellers and Kenneth Connor.

Tap and acrobatic dancer Vivienne Hole, stage name Vivienne Fayre, a civilian aged 19, was the only ENSA member killed in the war. On 23 January 1945 in Normandy, she was being driven between shows as a passenger aboard a truck carrying stage scenery which strayed into a minefield. [4] She was buried with full military honours in Sittard War Cemetery. [5]

Despite many extremely talented entertainers working for ENSA, the organisation was necessarily spread thin over the vast area it had to cover. Thus many entertainments were substandard, and the popular translation of the acronym ENSA was "Every Night Something Awful".

ENSA plays a modest role in the film Love Story (1944) in which Margaret Lockwood stars as a concert pianist who makes an ENSA tour to North Africa and the Mediterranean region. The film Desert Mice (1959) follows the fictional escapades of an ENSA troop with Sid James assigned to the Afrika Korps.

The only known ENSA theatre to have survived in its original condition is the Garrison Theatre at Hurst Castle in the New Forest National Park. Created by servicemen in 1939, the proscenium arch still bears the badge and grenades of the Royal Artillery, and the curtains still hang from an original galvanised gas pipe. Shows are presented from time to time by the Friends of Hurst Castle.

Partial list of performers

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">British Forces Broadcasting Service</span> Radio and TV service for the British military

The British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides radio and television programmes for His Majesty's Armed Forces, and their dependents worldwide. Editorial control is independent of the Ministry of Defence and the armed forces themselves. It was established by the British War Office in 1943. In 1944, it was managed by Gale Pedrick.

Albert Eric Maschwitz OBE, sometimes credited as Holt Marvell, was an English entertainer, writer, editor, broadcaster and broadcasting executive.

The National Memorial Arboretum is a British site of national remembrance at Alrewas, near Lichfield, Staffordshire, England. Its objective is to honour the fallen, recognise service and sacrifice, and foster pride in the British Armed Forces and civilian community.

The Services Sound and Vision Corporation (SSVC) was a British registered charity.

"Again" is a popular song with music by Lionel Newman and words by Dorcas Cochran. It first appeared in the film Road House (1948), sung by Ida Lupino. An instrumental rendition was used in the movie Pickup on South Street (1953). By 1949, versions by Vic Damone, Doris Day, Tommy Dorsey, Gordon Jenkins, Vera Lynn, Art Mooney, and Mel Tormé all made the Billboard charts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tommy Trinder</span> English stage, screen and radio comedian (1909–1989)

Thomas Edward Trinder was an English stage, screen and radio comedian whose catchphrase was "You lucky people!". Described by cultural historian Matthew Sweet as "a cocky, front-of-cloth variety turn", he was one of the United Kingdom's foremost entertainers during the Second World War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">We'll Meet Again</span> 1939 song by Hughie Charles and Ross Parker

"We'll Meet Again" is a 1939 song by English singer Vera Lynn with music and lyrics composed and written by English songwriters Ross Parker and Hughie Charles. The song is one of the most famous of the Second World War era, resonating with servicemen going off to fight as well as their families and loved ones.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adelaide Hall</span> American-born jazz singer and actor (1901–1993)

Adelaide Louise Hall was an American-born UK-based jazz singer and entertainer. Her career spanned more than 70 years from 1921 until her death. Early in her career, she was a major figure in the Harlem Renaissance; she became based in the UK after 1938. Hall entered the Guinness Book of World Records in 2003 as the world's most enduring recording artist, having released material over eight consecutive decades. She performed with major artists such as Art Tatum, Ethel Waters, Josephine Baker, Louis Armstrong, Lena Horne, Bill "Bojangles" Robinson, Cab Calloway, Fela Sowande, Rudy Vallee, and Jools Holland, and recorded as a jazz singer with Duke Ellington and with Fats Waller.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BBC Forces Programme</span> Former British national radio station during World War II (1940–1944)

The BBC Forces Programme was a national radio station which operated from 7 January 1940 until 26 February 1944, when it was replaced by the BBC General Forces Programme.

"We're Going to Hang out the Washing on the Siegfried Line" is a popular song by Irish songwriter Jimmy Kennedy, written whilst he was a Captain in the British Expeditionary Force during the early stages of the Second World War, with music by Michael Carr. It was first published in 1939.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Basil Dean</span> English actor (1888–1978)

Basil Herbert Dean CBE was an English actor, writer, producer and director in the theatre and in cinema. He founded the Liverpool Repertory Company in 1911 and in the First World War, after organising unofficial entertainments for his comrades in the army, he was appointed to do so officially. After the war he produced and directed mostly in the West End. He staged premieres of plays by writers including J. M. Barrie, Noël Coward, John Galsworthy, Harley Granville-Barker and Somerset Maugham. He produced nearly 40 films, and directed 16, mainly in the 1930s, with stars including Gracie Fields.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wyn Calvin</span> Welsh comedian (1925–2022)

Wyn Calvin MBE OStJ, known affectionately as "The Clown Prince of Wales" and "The Welsh Prince of Laughter", was a Welsh comedian, pantomime dame, television and theatre actor, radio personality, television chat show host, after-dinner speaker, lecturer, philanthropist and newspaper columnist. He worked with numerous stars within the entertainment industry including Harry Secombe, Bob Hope, Christopher Biggins, Shirley Bassey, Frankie Vaughan, Vic Morrow, Bud Flanagan, Roy Hudd, Max Boyce, Morecambe and Wise and Ken Dodd.

Stars in Battledress (SiB) was an organisation of entertainers who were members of the British Armed Forces during World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Concert party (entertainment)</span> Troupe of popular entertainers, usually travelling

A concert party, also called a Pierrot troupe, is the collective name for a group of entertainers, or Pierrots, popular in Britain during the first half of the 20th century. The variety show given by a Pierrot troupe was called a Pierrot show.

BFBS Live Events is the live entertainment arm of the British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS). It is the official provider of live entertainment to the British Armed Forces. BFBS Live Events routinely sends tours of entertainment to Afghanistan, Cyprus, Oman, the Falkland Islands and to Royal Navy ships deployed worldwide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gladys Morgan</span> Welsh comedian (1898–1983)

Gladys Mabel Morgan was a Welsh comedian, billed variously as the 'Queen of Comedy' or 'the Queen of Laughter', and was renowned for her toothless, ear-splitting, infectious laugh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vera Lynn</span> English singer and entertainer (1917–2020)

Dame Vera Margaret Lynn was an English singer and entertainer whose musical recordings and performances were very popular during World War II. She is honorifically known as the "Forces' Sweetheart", having given outdoor concerts for the troops in Egypt, India and Burma during the war as part of the Entertainments National Service Association (ENSA). The songs most associated with her include "We'll Meet Again", "(There'll Be Bluebirds Over) The White Cliffs of Dover", "A Nightingale Sang in Berkeley Square" and "There'll Always Be an England".

Harry Lewis was an English saxophonist and clarinettist, who was best known as the husband of singer Vera Lynn.

William Charles Boyden-Mitchell, better known as Bill Mitchell or Uncle Bill, was a radio presenter and broadcasting personality. He became known through his work with the BFBS during the 1960s and 70s, broadcasting to service Personnel of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR), Royal Air Force Germany (RAFG) and their families who were stationed in West Germany. He achieved a cult following due to his eccentricities and his ‘Big Wood Stories’ that he wrote himself and performed live on the radio.

Helen Clare was a British singer who was well known in the 1930s and 1940s through her work in variety, radio, television and recording. Clare worked extensively in light entertainment, appearing on BBC Radio and recording with British dance bands. Her distinctive soprano voice saw her working with some of the biggest names of the era, including bandleaders Jack Jackson and Henry Hall. She was one of the last surviving British singers who had been active in the 1930s.

References

  1. "From Vera Lynn to David Beckham: A Brief History of Forces Entertainment". 7 July 2021.
  2. Myers, Rollo. 'Music in Battle-dress', in Music Since 1939 (1947), pp. 9-30
  3. Mantovani: A Lifetime in Music by Colin MacKenzie, p. 78: ISBN   978-1905226191
  4. "Friends of Highland Road Cemetery". Friendsofhighlandroadcemetery.org.uk. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  5. "Casualty Details". Cwgc.org. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  6. 1 2 3 "Ensa". The Radio Times. 20 July 1978. p. 51. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
  7. "Helen Clare singing Star of the 1930s 1940s & 1950s. BBC, Radio, recording and concert artist". Helenclare.com. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Greasepaint and Cordite: How ENSA Entertained the Troops During World War II: Amazon.co.uk: Merriman, Andy: 9781781311622: Books. ASIN   1781311625.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Drury Lane Calling". The Radio Times. 17 May 1940. p. 14. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
  10. Lee, Mary (2005). Forever Francie : my life with Jack Milroy. Edinburgh, Scotland: Black & White Publishing. ISBN   9781845028329.
  11. Miller, Sarah (29 September 2022). "At 97, Thelma Ruby is both a marvel and a rarity". Jewish News . Retrieved 5 October 2022.