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Rwanda is a de facto one-party state ruled by the Rwandan Patriotic Front and its leader Paul Kagame since the end of the 1994 genocide against members of the Tutsi ethnic group. Although Rwanda is nominally democratic, elections are manipulated in various ways, which include banning opposition parties, arresting or assassinating critics, and electoral fraud.
Paul Kagame is a Rwandan politician and former military officer who has been the fourth President of Rwanda since 2000. He was previously a commander of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), a rebel armed force which invaded Rwanda in 1990. The RPF was one of the parties of the conflict during the Rwandan Civil War and the armed force which ended the Rwandan genocide. He was considered Rwanda's de facto leader when he was Vice President and Minister of Defence under President Pasteur Bizimungu from 1994 to 2000 after which the vice-presidential post was abolished.
The Rwandan Patriotic Front, is the ruling political party in Rwanda.
Elections in Rwanda are manipulated in various ways, which include banning opposition parties, arresting or assassinating critics, and electoral fraud. According to its constitution, Rwanda is a multi-party democracy with a presidential system. In practice, it functions as a one-party state ruled by the Rwandan Patriotic Front and its leader Paul Kagame. The President and majority of members of the Chamber of Deputies are directly elected, whilst the Senate is indirectly elected and partly appointed.
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The Parliament of Rwanda has consisted of two chambers since 2003:
Callixte Nzabonimana is a former Rwandan politician who is accused of participating in the Rwandan genocide.
The upper house of the Parliament of Rwanda is the Senate (Sena/Sénat). The Senate has 26 members elected or appointed for eight-year terms: 12 elected by provincial councils, eight appointed by the President of the Republic to ensure the representation of historically marginalized communities, four by the National Consultative Forum of Political Organizations, and two elected by the staff of the universities. Additionally, former presidents can request to become a member of the Senate.
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Russia–Rwanda relations refers to the bilateral relationship between the two countries, Russia and Rwanda. Russia has an embassy in Kigali.
The Ministry of Infrastructure is a department of the Government of Rwanda. The Ministry is responsible for infrastructure policy and development throughout the country. Claver Gatete is the current Minister of Infrastructure.
The Akanyaru River is the main tributary of the Nyabarongo River. It rises in the western highlands of Rwanda and Burundi, flows east and then north along the border between those countries before joining the Nyabarongo River. The lower stretches contain important but unprotected wetlands, which are under threat from human activity.
Lieutenant General Frank Mushyo Kamanzi is the current Rwandan Ambassador to Russia, having been appointed on November 29, 2019. He was previously the Force Commander of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan, being was appointed on 11 April 2017 by United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres. Prior to that, he was the Force Commander of the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur.
Parliamentary elections were held in Rwanda on 3 September 2018, with Rwandan overseas voting the day before. The result was a victory for the Rwandan Patriotic Front coalition, which won 40 of the 53 elected seats while losing its absolute majority over the total of seats, whilst the Democratic Green Party and Social Party Imberakuri both entered parliament for the first time. With 49 of the 80 seats in the newly elected parliament held by women (61%), the elections maintained Rwanda's position as the country with the highest proportion of female MPs.
Caroline Kamusiime is a Ugandan female legislator representing the people of Rukiga district as district woman member of parliament of Uganda. She is a member of the National Resistance Movement (NRM) the party in political leadership in Uganda under the chairmanship of Yoweri Kaguta Museveni president of the republic of Uganda.
Marie Claire Uwumuremyi is a Rwandan politician. Since 2018 she has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies.
Clarisse Imaniriho is a Rwandan politician who has served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2019. She represents a seat reserved for the Rwandan youth in the Chamber of Deputies.
Didier Kamanzi, is a Rwandan actor. One of the most popular actors in Rwandan cinema, Kamanzi is best known for the roles in the films Rwasa, Rwassibo and Catherine.
Warren Håkon Christofer Kamanzi is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Ligue 1 club Toulouse.
References
- ↑ "MPs Profile 2018-2023". Republic of Rwanda Parliament. Archived from the original on June 16, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ↑ "Youth MP-elect Kamanzi and his last minute decision to run for parliament". The New Times | Rwanda. 2018-09-07. Retrieved 2021-04-04.
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