Eva Andrei

Last updated
Eva Andrei
Education Tel Aviv University Rutgers University
Alma materRutgers University
Scientific career
Thesis Investigation of fourth sound propagation in He II in the presence of superflow  (1981)

Eva Yocheved Andrei is an American condensed matter physicist, a Distinguished Professor, and a Board of Governors Professor at Rutgers University. [1] Her research focuses on emergent properties of matter arising from the collective behavior of many particles, especially low-dimensional phenomena under low temperatures and high magnetic fields.

Contents

Education and training

Andrei was born in Bucharest, Romania. [2] She received her bachelor's degree in physics from Tel Aviv University in Israel and her Ph.D. in physics from Rutgers University in the United States. After receiving her education, she worked as a postdoctoral fellow at Bell Labs [3] , Murray Hill NJ, and CEA Paris-Saclay [4] .

Career

Andrei began her independent career in 1987 as an assistant professor at Rutgers. [5] One of her first major contributions was establishing the existence of a Wigner solid in a 2D electron plasma. [6] [7] More recently she has made major contributions to the study of graphene, including the detection of ballistic transport of charge carriers [8] and the observation of Van Hove singularity in twisted bilayer graphene. [9] Andrei's discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect in graphene [10] [11] was one of Science magazine's top ten discoveries for the year 2009. [12] Through studying moiré patterns in twisted sheets of graphene, Andrei observed the alignment of electrons which could facilitate the use of graphene in supercomputers. [13] [14] Andrei's research has also presented the possibility that graphene could be used to cool supercomputers [15] [16] . It has revealed new ways of making flat bands within twisted graphene [17] which may be used to make superlattice structures. [18] Eva Andrei received the Society of Physics Students Outstanding Teaching Award in 2014. As of January 2024, Andrei still facilitates research through Rutgers and as a postdoctoral fellow at Bell Labs. This includes experimental research [19] on the systems of reduced dimensionality at high magnetic fields and low temperatures. This research has led to many discoveries in the field of superconductivity, charge density waves, and magnetism.

Selected publications

Awards and honors

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hofstadter's butterfly</span> Fractal describing the theorised behaviour of electrons in a magnetic field

In condensed matter physics, Hofstadter's butterfly is a graph of the spectral properties of non-interacting two-dimensional electrons in a perpendicular magnetic field in a lattice. The fractal, self-similar nature of the spectrum was discovered in the 1976 Ph.D. work of Douglas Hofstadter and is one of the early examples of modern scientific data visualization. The name reflects the fact that, as Hofstadter wrote, "the large gaps [in the graph] form a very striking pattern somewhat resembling a butterfly."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schwinger effect</span> Decay of strong electromagnetic fields into particles

The Schwinger effect is a predicted physical phenomenon whereby matter is created by a strong electric field. It is also referred to as the Sauter–Schwinger effect, Schwinger mechanism, or Schwinger pair production. It is a prediction of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in which electron–positron pairs are spontaneously created in the presence of an electric field, thereby causing the decay of the electric field. The effect was originally proposed by Fritz Sauter in 1931 and further important work was carried out by Werner Heisenberg and Hans Heinrich Euler in 1936, though it was not until 1951 that Julian Schwinger gave a complete theoretical description.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andre Geim</span> Russian-born Dutch–British physicist

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philip Kim</span> South Korean physicist

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dirac cone</span> Quantum effect in some non-metals

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jason WA Robinson</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electronic properties of graphene</span>

Graphene is a semimetal whose conduction and valence bands meet at the Dirac points, which are six locations in momentum space, the vertices of its hexagonal Brillouin zone, divided into two non-equivalent sets of three points. The two sets are labeled K and K'. The sets give graphene a valley degeneracy of gv = 2. By contrast, for traditional semiconductors the primary point of interest is generally Γ, where momentum is zero. Four electronic properties separate it from other condensed matter systems.

The term Dirac matter refers to a class of condensed matter systems which can be effectively described by the Dirac equation. Even though the Dirac equation itself was formulated for fermions, the quasi-particles present within Dirac matter can be of any statistics. As a consequence, Dirac matter can be distinguished in fermionic, bosonic or anyonic Dirac matter. Prominent examples of Dirac matter are graphene and other Dirac semimetals, topological insulators, Weyl semimetals, various high-temperature superconductors with -wave pairing and liquid helium-3. The effective theory of such systems is classified by a specific choice of the Dirac mass, the Dirac velocity, the gamma matrices and the space-time curvature. The universal treatment of the class of Dirac matter in terms of an effective theory leads to a common features with respect to the density of states, the heat capacity and impurity scattering.

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Twistronics is the study of how the angle between layers of two-dimensional materials can change their electrical properties. Materials such as bilayer graphene have been shown to have vastly different electronic behavior, ranging from non-conductive to superconductive, that depends sensitively on the angle between the layers. The term was first introduced by the research group of Efthimios Kaxiras at Harvard University in their theoretical treatment of graphene superlattices.

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The term heterostrain was proposed in 2018 in the context of materials science to simplify the designation of possible strain situations in van der Waals heterostructures where two two-dimensional materials are stacked on top of each other. These layers can experience the same deformation (homostrain) or different deformations (heterostrain). In addition to twist, heterostrain can have important consequences on the electronic and optical properties of the resulting structure. As such, the control of heterostrain is emerging as a sub-field of straintronics in which the properties of 2D materials are controlled by strain. Recent works have reported a deterministic control of heterostrain by sample processing or with the tip of an AFM of particular interest in twisted heterostructures. Heterostrain alone has also been identified as a parameter to tune the electronic properties of van der Waals structures as for example in twisted graphene layers with biaxial heterostrain.

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References

  1. ↑ "Andrei, Eva Y." Rutgers University.
  2. ↑ "Oral-History:Eva Andrei - Engineering and Technology History Wiki". 2020-01-03. Archived from the original on 2020-01-03. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
  3. ↑ "The Andrei Research Group". Rutgers University.
  4. ↑ "Eva Y. Andrei". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2024-01-12.
  5. ↑ "The Andrei Research Group". Rutgers University.
  6. ↑ "Eva Y. Andrei American Academy of Arts and Sciences". American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
  7. ↑ Andrei, EY; Deville, G; Glattli, DC; Williams, FIB; Paris, E; Etienne, B (1988). "Observation of a Magnetically Induced Wigner Solid". Physical Review Letters. 60 (26): 2765–2768. Bibcode:1988PhRvL..60.2765A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.2765. PMID   10038446.
  8. ↑ Du, X; Skachko, I; Barker, A; Andrei, EY (2008). "Approaching ballistic transport in suspended graphene". Nature Biotechnology. 3 (8): 491–495. arXiv: 0802.2933 . Bibcode:2008NatNa...3..491D. doi:10.1038/nnano.2008.199. PMID   18685637. S2CID   118441080.
  9. ↑ Li, Guohong; Luican, A.; Lopes dos Santos, J. M. B.; Castro Neto, A. H.; Reina, A.; Kong, J.; Andrei, E. Y. (2010). "Observation of Van Hove singularities in twisted graphene layers". Nature Physics. 6 (2): 109–113. arXiv: 0912.2102 . Bibcode:2010NatPh...6..109L. doi:10.1038/nphys1463. ISSN   1745-2481. S2CID   8626222.
  10. ↑ "Eva Y. Andrei American Academy of Arts and Sciences". American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
  11. ↑ Du, X; Skachko, I; Duerr, F; Luican, A; Andrei, EY (2009). "Fractional quantum Hall effect and insulating phase of Dirac electrons in graphene". Nature. 462 (7270): 192–195. arXiv: 0910.2532 . Bibcode:2009Natur.462..192D. doi:10.1038/nature08522. PMID   19829294. S2CID   2927627.
  12. ↑ The News Staff (2009-12-18). "The Runners-Up". Science. 326 (5960): 1600–1607. Bibcode:2009Sci...326.1600.. doi:10.1126/science.326.5960.1600. PMID   20019253.
  13. ↑ Jiang, Yuhang; Lai, Xinyuan; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Haule, Kristjan; Mao, Jinhai; Andrei, Eva Y. (2019). "Charge order and broken rotational symmetry in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene". Nature. 573 (7772): 91–95. arXiv: 1904.10153 . Bibcode:2019Natur.573...91J. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1460-4. ISSN   0028-0836. PMID   31365921. S2CID   198147548.
  14. ↑ Hays, Brooks (August 1, 2019). "Graphene discovery could make room-temperature superconductors possible". UPI. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
  15. ↑ Duan, Junxi; Wang, Xiaoming; Lai, Xinyuan; Li, Guohong; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Zebarjadi, Mona; Andrei, Eva Y. (2016-12-13). "High thermoelectricpower factor in graphene/hBN devices". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 113 (50): 14272–14276. arXiv: 1607.00583 . Bibcode:2016PNAS..11314272D. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1615913113 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   5167211 . PMID   27911824.
  16. ↑ "Graphene tested as tiny 'coolers' for computer chips". Futurity. 2017-03-28. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
  17. ↑ Mao, Jinhai; Milovanović, Slaviša P.; Anđelković, Miša; Lai, Xinyuan; Cao, Yang; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Covaci, Lucian; Peeters, Francois M.; Geim, Andre K.; Jiang, Yuhang; Andrei, Eva Y. (2020-08-13). "Evidence of flat bands and correlated states in buckled graphene superlattices". Nature. 584 (7820): 215–220. arXiv: 2006.01660 . Bibcode:2020Natur.584..215M. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2567-3. ISSN   0028-0836. PMID   32788735. S2CID   219179760.
  18. ↑ Dumé, Isabelle (2020-09-07). "Flat bands appear in buckled graphene superlattices". Physics World. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
  19. ↑ "The Andrei Research Group". www.physics.rutgers.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-12.
  20. ↑ "2013 NAS Members and Foreign Associates Elected". National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
  21. ↑ "Eva Y. Andrei". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
  22. ↑ "AAAS Members Elected as Fellows". American Association for the Advancement of Science.
  23. ↑ "Eva Y. Andrei American Academy of Arts and Sciences". American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
  24. ↑ "APS Physics DCMP APS Fellowship". American Physical Society. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
  25. 1 2 "Prize Recipient". www.aps.org. Retrieved 2024-01-12.
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