Expedition of Abu Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah,[8] also known as the Expedition of Fish[9] and Invasion of al-Khabt,[10] took place in October 629 AD, 8AH, 7th month, of the Islamic Calendar,[11] or according to some scholars in 7AH, 4th Month.[12][13]
In the next month, Muhammad sent Abu Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah along with 300 men to attack and chastise the tribe of Juhaynah at al-Khabat, on the seacoast, five nights journey from Medina. He was sent to observe a Quraysh caravan. There was no fighting as the enemy fled after they heard of the arrival.[14]
This expedition is famous because Muslims were short of supply and food was running out, and they were fighting for survival, they suffered from famine, in the end, the Muslims caught a large fish (sperm whale) that came ashore and ate it for twenty days.Ibn Hisham mention the incident in large detail. This is why it is also known as ‘expedition of fish.’ They brought some of that meat to prophet Muhammad and he ate it too.[15][16]
The Expedition is referenced in the Sunni hadith collection Sahih al-Bukhari as follows:
"Allah's Apostle sent an army towards the east coast and appointed Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarrah as their chief, and the army consisted of three-hundred men including myself. We marched on till we reached a place where our food was about to finish. Abu- 'Ubaida ordered us to collect all the journey food and it was collected. My (our) journey food was dates. Abu 'Ubaida kept on giving us our daily ration in small amounts from it, till it was exhausted. The share of everyone of us used to be one date only." I said, "How could one date benefit you?" Jabir replied, "We came to know its value when even that too finished." Jabir added, "When we reached the sea-shore, we saw a huge fish which was like a small mountain. The army ate from it for eighteen days. Then Abu 'Ubaida ordered that two of its ribs be fixed and they were fixed in the ground. Then he ordered that a she-camel be ridden and it passed under the two ribs (forming an arch) without touching them."Sahih al-Bukhari, 3:44:663
The Event is also referenced in the Sahih Muslim hadith collection as follows:
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported: Allah's Messenger (may peace he upon him) sent us (on an expedition). We were three hundred riders and our chief (leader) was 'Ubaida b. al-Jarrah. We were on the look out for a caravan of the Quraish. So we stayed on the coast for half a month, and were so much afflicted by extreme hunger that we (were obliged) to eat leaves. That is why it was called the Detachment of the Leaves. The ocean cast out for us an animal which was called al-'Anbar (whale). We ate of that for half of the month and rubbed its fat on our (bodies) until our bodies became stout. Abu 'Ubaida caught hold of one of its ribs and fixed that up. He then cast a glance at the tallest man of the army and the highest of the camels. and then made him ride over that, and that-tnan passed beneath it (the rib), and many a man could sit in its eye-socket, and we extracted many pitchers of fat from the cavity of its eye. We had small bags containing dates with us (before finding the whale). 'Ubaida gave every person amongst us a handful of dates (and when the provision ran short), he then gave each one of us one date. And when that (stock) was exhausted, we felt its loss.Sahih Muslim, 21:4757
The Ghaṭafān were an Arab tribal confederation originally based northeast of Medina. The main branches of the Ghatafan were the tribes of Banu Abs, Banu Dhubyan and Ashja'. They were one of the Arab tribes that interacted with Muhammad. They are notable for allying themselves with the Quraysh in the Battle of the Trench.
Expedition of Amr ibn al-As, also known as the Campaign of Dhatas Salasil, took place in September 629 AD, 8AH, 6th month, of the Islamic Calendar.
The early Muslim–Meccan conflict refer to a series of raids in which the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions participated. The raids were generally offensive and carried out to gather intelligence or seize the trade goods of caravans financed by the Quraysh. His followers were also impoverished. The raids were intended to harm the economy and in turn the offensive capabilities of Mecca by Muhammad. He also broke an Arab tradition of not attacking one's own kinsmen by raiding caravans. The Muslims felt that the raids were justified and that God gave them permission to defend against the Meccans' persecution of Muslims.
The Expedition of Badr al-Maw'id was the third time Muhammad led an expedition in Badr. Modern historians date the event to October 625, though several alternative dates are found in primary sources.
The Expedition of 'Abdullah ibn 'Atik also known as the Assassination of Abu Rafi' ibn Abi Al-Huqaiq, took place in March, AD 627.
The expedition of Kurz bin Jabir Al-Fihri took place in February 628AD, 10th month of 6AH of the Islamic calendar. The attack was directed at eight robbers who killed a Muslim. The Muslims captured the robbers and crucified them. The Quran verse 5:33 about the punishment of those who spread mischief in the land (Fasad), was revealed in this event.
The expedition of Dhat al-Riqa took place in July AD 625, or after the Battle of Khaybar in AD 628, i.e. AH 7 of the Islamic calendar. Two Quran verses, 5:11 and 4:101, are related to this event.
The Expedition of Umar ibn al-Khattab to Turbah took place in July 628 CE, or in the 3rd month of the year 7 of the Islamic calendar (AH).
The expedition of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq to Nejd is supposed to have taken place in July 628 AD, third month 7AH, of the Islamic calendar.
Expedition of Ghalib ibn Abdullah al-Laithi to Mayfah took place in January 628 AD, 9th Month 7AH, of the Islamic Calendar.
The second expedition of Bashir ibn Saʽd al-Anṣari, which was to Yemen, took place in February 628 AD,10th Month 7AH, of the Islamic Calendar.
Expedition of Ghalib ibn Abdullah al-Laithi to Fadak took place in January 629 AD, 10th Month 7AH, of the Islamic Calendar.
Expedition of Ibn Abi Al-Awja Al-Sulami to Banu Sulaym took place in April 629 AD, 12th Month 8AH-1st Month 9AH, of the Islamic Calendar.
An expedition by Kaʽb ibn ʽUmair al-Ghifari to Dhat Atlah, took place in July 629 AD, 8AH, 3rd month, of the Islamic Calendar.
Expedition of Abdullah ibn Rawaha to Khaybar, took place in February 628 AD. Ibn Hisham also refers to this as Abdullah b. Rawaha's raid to kill al-Yusayr b. Rizam.
Expedition of Abu Qatadah ibn Rab'i al-Ansari, to Khadirah, and also known as the Campaign of Khadrah took place in November 629 AD, 8AH, 8th month, of the Islamic Calendar
Expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid, to Mecca, against Banu Jadhimah, took place in January 630 AD, 8AH, 9th month, of the Islamic Calendar.
The expedition of At-Tufail ibn 'Amr Ad-Dausi, to Dhul-Kaffain to destroy the idol Yaguth took place in January 630 AD, 8AH, 9th month of the Islamic Calendar.
Kurz ibn Jabir al-Fihri was a companion of Muhammad but used to be an enemy. During the Invasion of Safwan he rustled some grazing cattle belonging to the Muslim community. Muhammad sent seventy Muslims after him, who chased him to Safwan, at the outskirts of Badr. But Kurz ibn Jabir al-Fihri managed to escape.
This is a timeline of the early history of Islam during the lifetime of Muhammad. The information provided in this article is based Islamic oral tradition, not on historical or archaeological evidence. A separate list of military expeditions and battles is at List of expeditions of Muhammad.
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