Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib was the father of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was the son of Abd Al-Muttalib ibn Hashim and Fatimah bint Amr of the Makhzum clan.
In Islam, khums refers to the required religious obligation of any Muslims to pay one-fifth of their acquired wealth from certain sources toward specified causes. It is treated differently in Shia and Sunni Islam. This tax is paid to the imam, caliph or sultan, representing the state of Islam, for distribution between the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler.
Aminah bint Wahb, was a woman of Banu Zuhrah clan, and the mother of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
The Battle of Hunayn was between the Muslims of Muhammad and the Bedouins of the Qays, including its clans of Hawazin and the Thaqif. The battle took place in 8 AH, at the Hunayn valley, on the route from Mecca to Taif. The battle ultimately ended in a decisive victory for the Muslims, who captured enormous spoils. It is mentioned in Surat at-Tawbah of the Quran, and is one of the few battles mentioned by name in the Qur’an.
Asad ibn Abd al-Uzza was a grandson of Qusai ibn Kilab and the matrilineal great-great-grandfather of the prophet of Islam Muhammad.
The Banū ʿĀmir ibn Ṣaʿṣaʿa was a large and ancient Arab tribe originating from central Arabia that dominated Najd for centuries after the rise of Islam. The tribe is an Arab Adnanite tribe and its lineage is traced back to Adnan and Ishmael son of Abraham through Hawazin, and its original homeland was the border area between Nejd and Hejaz in Khurmah and Ranyah. Although the Banu Amir were engaged in a long war with the Quraysh before the appearance of Islam, manifesting in particular as the Fijar War, the tribe was characterized by giving late allegiance to Muhammad and his immediate successors. the tribe produced several well-known Arabic poets, the most famous of whom was Labid ibn Rabi'ah, an author of one of the Seven Hanged Poems. Other poets included Amir ibn al-Tufayl, an important tribal chief; al-Ra'i al-Numayri, an opponent of Jarir; and the female poet Layla al-Akhyaliyyah. The protagonists of the romantic saga of Layla wal Majnun, Qays and Layla, also belonged to Banu Amir.
The Expedition of Qatan, was the first Raid on the Banu Asad bin Khuzaymah tribe, which occurred directly after the Battle of Hamra al-Asad in the year 4 A.H of the Islamic calendar.
The early Muslim–Meccan conflict refer to a series of raids in which the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions participated. The raids were generally offensive and carried out to gather intelligence or seize the trade goods of caravans financed by the Quraysh. His followers were also impoverished. The raids were intended to harm the economy and in turn the offensive capabilities of Mecca by Muhammad. He also broke an Arab tradition of not attacking one's own kinsmen by raiding caravans. The Muslims felt that the raids were justified and that Allah gave them permission to defend against the Meccans' persecution of Muslims.
The Patrol of Dhu Al-Ushairah occurred in the year 2 A.H. of the Islamic calendar between the months of Jumādi al-Ūlā and Jumādi al-Ākhirah .This was the 6th caravan expedition and the 3rd ‘Ghazwah’ occurring about 2 months after the Invasion of Buwāṭ.
The Al-Qarada raid was an event in early Islamic history which took place in Jumad at Thaniya, in the year 3 A.H of the Islamic calendar, i.e. November 624.
The Expedition of Bir Maona, according to Islamic tradition, took place four months after the Battle of Uhud in the year A.H. 4 of the Islamic calendar. It is believed the Islamic prophet Muhammad sent missionaries to preach Islam, at the request of Abu Bara. Forty or seventy of the Muslim missionaries sent by Muhammed were killed.
The Expedition of Dhu Qarad also known as the Expedition of Ghaba took place in September, 627AD, 6AH of the Islamic calendar, some scholars say that it took place just before the Battle of Khaybar, in the 12th month of 6AH.
Expedition of Zayd ibn Harithah in al-Is took place in September, 627AD, 5th month of 6AH of the Islamic calendar
The Expedition of Qutbah ibn Amir, against the Khath'am tribe, took place in August 630 AD, 9AH, 2nd month, of the Islamic Calendar.
The Expedition of Usama bin Zayd was a military expedition of the early Muslim Caliphate led by Usama ibn Zayd that took place in June 632, in which Muslim forces raided Byzantine Syria. The expedition came three years after the Battle of Mu'tah.
Wādī Nakhlah is an area in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia between the cities of Mecca and Ta'if, which serves as a Miqat (Boundary) for the Islamic Ḥaram of Mecca.
Banu Tha'labah was a tribe during the Islamic prophet Muhammad's era. They were involved in many military conflicts with Muhammad.
Ghalib ibn Abd Allah al-Laythi also known as Ghalib ibn Fadala al-Laythi, was an early companion and commander of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. During the prophet's lifetime, he led several expeditions against the polytheistic Bedouin tribes. He later participated in the conquest of Iraq in 634–636 and briefly as a commander in Khurasan in 668–671.
Al-Harith ibn Rabi, better known by as Abu Qatada al-Ansari, was an Arab Muslim military general in the service of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the Rashidun caliphs Abu Bakr, Umar and Ali.
Shuja ibn Wahab al-Asadi شجاع بن وهب was a prominent companion of Islamic prophet Muhammad in the pre-Islamic era, who participated in all the famous wars, including Badr and Uhud. Some sources also suggest that Muhammad sent him as a messenger with letters to most of the world's king kings at that time. Also, a hadith narrated by Imam al-Zuhri revealed that Shuja was the messenger of Muhammad sent to the Persian king Khosrow II. He was the one who handed over the letter sent by Muhammad to Khosrow.
