The Factories Act, 1948 (Act No. 63 of 1948), as amended by the Factories (Amendment) Act, 1987 (Act 20 of 1987), served to assist in formulating national policies in India with respect to occupational safety and health in factories and docks in India. It deals with various problems concerning safety, health, efficiency and well-being of the persons at workplaces. It was replaced by the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020.
The Act is administered by the Ministry of Labour and Employment in India through its Directorate General Factory Advice Service & Labour Institutes (DGFASLI) and by the State Governments through their factory inspectorates. DGFASLI advises the Central and State Governments on administration of the Factories Act and coordinating the factory inspection services in the States.[1]
The Act is applicable to any factory using electricity and employing 10 or more workers and if not using power, employing 20 or more workers on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on with the aid of power, or is ordinarily so carried on, or whereon twenty or more workers are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on without any power.
Major contents
Various provisions are described in following chapters:[2]
CHAPTER I.- Preliminary
CHAPTER II.- The Inspecting Staff
CHAPTER III.- Health
CHAPTER IV.- Safety's
CHAPTER IVA.- Provisions relating to Hazardous processes
CHAPTER V.- Welfare & Grievance
CHAPTER VI.- Working hours of adults
CHAPTER VII.- Employment of young persons
CHAPTER VIII.- Annual leave with wages
CHAPTER IX.- Special provisions
CHAPTER X.- Penalties and procedure
CHAPTER XI.- Supplemental
List of amending acts and adaptation order
1.
The Repealing and Amending Act, 1949 (40 of 1949).
2.
The Adaptation of Laws Order, 1950.
3.
The Repealing and Amending Act, 1950 (35 of 1950).
4.
The Part B States (Laws) Act, 1951 (3 of 1951).
5.
The Factories (Amendment) Act, 1954 (25 of 1954).
6.
The Central Labour Laws (Extension to Jammu and Kashmir) Act, 1970 (51 of 1970).
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