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Fairfax Intergenerational Housing project, also known as Griot Village, located in Cleveland, Ohio, is a specialized housing development for intergenerational households, the first of its kind in Ohio. [1] The project is designed according to Enterprise Green Community standards for seniors, ages 55 and older, who have legal custody of children. [2]
The project, completed in partnership with Fairfax Renaissance Development Corporation [3] (FRDC) in 2014, [4] consists of 40 newly constructed clustered town homes [5] which face a shared courtyard with playgrounds and green space, with the aim of creating a feeling of inclusiveness and promoting interaction. The development consists of eight separate buildings with each building containing five housing units. There are eight two-bedroom units, 31 three-bedroom units, and one four-bedroom flat.
The design of Griot Village was the result of a national design competition in coordination with the Kent State University Urban Design Collaborative. The winning design by Fernando Bonilla of Maryland was intended to create a safe and supportive community with child-friendly outdoor space, indoor space that addressed senior-accessibility needs (universal design), and a community center.
The residents are close to commercial and retail development, within walking distance of the cultural hub of Cleveland, in close proximity to several major medical centers and local schools. Green components were incorporated throughout the design such as Energy-Star appliances and light fixtures.
The residents named the development Griot Village. A ‘griot’ is a storyteller who perpetuates the oral tradition and history of a village or family. There is a community center and computer stations.
Griot Village is a Project-Based Voucher housing estate, a subsidized housing program where Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing Authority (CMHA) manages and provides rental payment assistance on behalf of low-income families. CMHA hired a Supportive Services Coordinator specifically to serve the new development whereby the families will receive supportive services to address their specific needs. The Coordinator provides intake, assessment, planning, coordination and implementation of community services that support economic development and service activities.
Griot Village is the winner of the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials (NAHRO) 2014 Agency Awards of Merit.
The project won the 2014 Developments of Distinction Award: LIHTC Development that Best Exemplifies Major Community Impact given by Novogradac Journal of Tax Credits, which recognized exceptional achievement in the development of properties using the low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC), and/or tax credit developments using U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) financing. [6]
In 2014, the Northeast Ohio Apartment Association (NOAA) recognized Griot Village with the highest award distinction, Platinum.
In April 2015, a production team from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services visited Griot Village, to tape a video to be shown at the 2015 White House Conference on Aging.
In 2015, the National Association of Industrial and Office Properties (NAIOP) Northern Ohio Chapter recognized City Architecture and CMHA with the Multi-Family Architecture Award of Excellence for their work on Griot Village. [7]
The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It administers federal housing and urban development laws. It is headed by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, who reports directly to the President of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.
Outhwaite Homes is a public development under jurisdiction of the Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing Authority in Cleveland, Ohio. Built in 1935 by architects Edward J. Maier, Travis G. Walsh, and Leo J. Barrett and possibly named after Joseph H. Outhwaite, it was the first federally funded public housing in the Cleveland area and one of the first in the U.S. At the time of its opening, rent was listed at $4.78. The 100-plus-unit complex at East 55th Street and Woodland Avenue is, in autumn of 2011, in the final stages of redevelopment. The Outhwaite Homes, like other housing developments in the CMHA, provides residential housing for low-income families in the eastern section of downtown Cleveland.
The Low-Income Housing Tax Credit is a dollar-for-dollar tax credit in the United States for affordable housing investments. It was created under the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA86) and gives incentives for the utilization of private equity in the development of affordable housing aimed at low-income Americans, with affordability restrictions on the properties expiring 15-30 years later. LIHTC accounts for the majority of all newly created affordable rental housing in the United States today. As the maximum rent that can be charged is based upon the Area Median Income ("AMI"), LIHTC housing remains unaffordable to many low-income renters. The credits are also commonly called Section 42 credits in reference to the applicable section of the Internal Revenue Code. The tax credits are more attractive than tax deductions as the credits provide a dollar-for-dollar reduction in a taxpayer's federal income tax, whereas a tax deduction only provides a reduction in taxable income. The "passive loss rules" and similar tax changes made by TRA86 greatly reduced the value of tax credits and deductions to individual taxpayers. Less than 10% of current credit expenditures are claimed by individual investors.
Supportive housing is a combination of housing and services intended as a cost-effective way to help people live more stable, productive lives, and is an active "community services and funding" stream across the United States. It was developed by different professional academics and US governmental departments that supported housing. Supportive housing is widely believed to work well for those who face the most complex challenges—individuals and families confronted with homelessness and who also have very low incomes and/or serious, persistent issues that may include substance use disorders, mental health, HIV/AIDS, chronic illness, diverse disabilities or other serious challenges to stable housing.
The term "sustainable communities" has various definitions, but in essence refers to communities planned, built, or modified to promote sustainable living. Sustainable communities tend to focus on environmental and economic sustainability, urban infrastructure, social equity, and municipal government. The term is sometimes used synonymously with "green cities," "eco-communities," "livable cities" and "sustainable cities."
The Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy is a joint center at New York University School of Law and the NYU Wagner School of Public Service. The Furman Center was established in 1995 to create a place where people interested in affordable housing and land use issues could turn to for factual, objective research and information. Since that time, the Furman Center has become an authority on such matters in New York City. The Furman Center has a three-part mission, including providing objective academic research about land use, real estate, housing and urban affairs, with a particular focus on New York City, promoting intense debate and productive discussion among elected, academic, and industry leaders, and presenting essential data and analysis about the state of New York City's housing and neighborhoods.
Subsidized housing in the United States is administered by federal, state and local agencies to provide subsidized rental assistance for low-income households. Public housing is priced much below the market rate, allowing people to live in more convenient locations rather than move away from the city in search of lower rents. In most federally-funded rental assistance programs, the tenants' monthly rent is set at 30% of their household income. Now increasingly provided in a variety of settings and formats, originally public housing in the U.S. consisted primarily of one or more concentrated blocks of low-rise and/or high-rise apartment buildings. These complexes are operated by state and local housing authorities which are authorized and funded by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). In 2020, there were 1 million public housing units.
The Tax Credit Assistance Program (TCAP) is a Federal housing grant program administered by HUD which assists Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) projects funded during 2007, 2008 and 2009. The TCAP program is part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act which was signed by President Obama on February 17, 2009. The program is designed to assist troubled LIHTC deals struggling to find a tax credit investor.
Kentucky Housing Corporation (KHC), the Kentucky state housing agency, was created by the 1972 Kentucky General Assembly to provide affordable housing opportunities. KHC is a self-supporting, public corporation.
Central, also known as Cedar–Central, is a neighborhood on the East Side of Cleveland, Ohio. Situated on the outskirts of downtown, Central is bounded roughly by East 71st Street on its east and Interstate 90 on its west, with Euclid Avenue on its north and Interstate 77 and the Penn Central Railroad to the south. The neighborhood is eponymously named for its onetime main thoroughfare, Central Avenue. It is home to several schools, including East Technical High School.
Non-profit housing developers build affordable housing for individuals under-served by the private market. The non-profit housing sector is composed of community development corporations (CDC) and national and regional non-profit housing organizations whose mission is to provide for the needy, the elderly, working households, and others that the private housing market does not adequately serve. Of the total 4.6 million units in the social housing sector, non-profit developers have produced approximately 1.547 million units, or roughly one-third of the total stock. Since non-profit developers seldom have the financial resources or access to capital that for-profit entities do, they often use multiple layers of financing, usually from a variety of sources for both development and operation of these affordable housing units.
McCormack Baron Salazar is an American real estate development firm based in St. Louis, Missouri specializing in economically integrated urban neighborhoods with more than $4.23 billion invested in affordable and mixed-income housing projects. McCormack Baron Salazar provides development as well as ongoing property management services, development financing and tax credit services, and asset management services. </ref>
Carrfour Supportive Housing is a nonprofit organization established in 1993 by the Homeless Committee of the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce. It develops, operates and manages affordable and supportive housing communities for low-income individuals and families in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Carrfour is Florida's largest not-for-profit supportive housing provider, housing more than 10,000 formerly homeless men, women and children in 20 communities throughout Miami-Dade County, assembling over $300 million of financing, tax credits and subsidies, and developing more than 1,700 affordable housing units since its founding.
Urban Land Conservancy (ULC) is a nonprofit organization established in 2003, that focuses on creating equitable communities through affordable real estate in urban Denver communities. ULC acquires, develops and preserves real estate assets for long-term community benefits. ULC acquires properties such as schools, future and current transit hubs, commercial space, and property identified as having community benefit. ULC also develops unique financing tools to aid in their real estate acquisitions.
The Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing Authority (CMHA) is a governmental organization responsible for the ownership and management of low-income housing property in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. The organization was founded in 1933, making it the first housing authority in the United States.
The Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC) is a US non-profit community development financial institution (CDFI) that supports community development initiatives across the country. It has offices in nearly 40 cities and works across 2,100 rural counties in 44 states. LISC was created in 1979 by executives from the Ford Foundation. LISC's affiliates include the National Equity Fund (NEF), the largest national syndicator of Low Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTC), the New Markets Support Company, a national syndicator of New Markets Tax Credits, and immito, which specializes in SBA 7a lending.
Capital Impact Partners, or simply Capital Impact, is a congressionally chartered, District of Columbia nonprofit and certified community development financial institution that provides credit and financial services to underserved markets and populations in the United States. S&P Global issued Capital Impact its first rating in 2017.
Valleyview Homes, now Tremont Pointe, was originally built in 1939 in the Tremont neighborhood, overlooking Cleveland's industrial valley. As one of the country's oldest public housing estates, the original design was a World War II barrack style layout with small units lacking contemporary amenities and was separated by 72 vertical steps. In addition, the site was adorned with a large number of Works Progress Administration (WPA) artwork. By 2004, Valleyview Homes had become one of CMHA's most distressed public housing estates, and some of the art was badly damaged.
National Equity Fund, Inc (NEF) is a national non-profit syndicator of Low Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTC). Created in 1987 as an affiliate of the Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC) and headquartered in Chicago, NEF is one of the largest non-profit LIHTC syndicators in the United States of America.
Walter C. Leedy, Jr. was an American academic and medievalist. He worked as an associate professor in the Art department of Cleveland State University, where he taught both art and architectural history. While holding this position he also taught at the Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs.
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