Faizal Maksum

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Faizal Maksum was one of the leaders of an anti-Soviet group known as the Basmachi and led an organized resistance against the Soviet military occupation of Central Asia in the 1920s. Maksum was loyal to the ousted Emir of Bukhara and operated primarily on the border of the Soviet republic of Tajikistan and Afghanistan.

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Military carrier

By late 1921, all the provinces of Western Bukhara were administered by the Basmachis Abdulkahhar [1] [2] and Faizul Makhdum. [2] By July 1923, Maksum had a total of 3,000 men under his command. [3]

1929 insurgency

In 1929 Faizal Maksum led a raid from Afghanistan into Tajikistan during the short reign of the Afghan Emir Habibullāh Kalakāni. In this raid his forces briefly captured the town of Garm in central Tajikistan, until Soviet forces, supplied by air, expelled Basmachi forces from the town. [3] [4] After the final capture of the Darvoz District by the Bolsheviks, Faizal Maksum fled to the East Turkestan in China. In the mid-1930s, he was murdered by Soviet spies in Kashgar. [4]

References

  1. ↑ Kydyralieva, Saltanat (2015). Türk ve Rus Kaynaklarına Göre Türkistan’da Basmacı Hareketi (1916–1924) / Basmachi Movement in Turkestan According to Turkish and Russian Sources (1916–1924) (PhD thesis) (in Turkish). İstanbul, Turkey: İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi Bilim Dalı. p. 242.
  2. 1 2 Fraser, Glenda (1987). "Basmachi — II". Central Asian Survey. 6 (2): 7–42. doi:10.1080/02634938708400582.
  3. 1 2 Ritter, William S (1990). "Revolt in the Mountains: Fuzail Maksum and the Occupation of Garm, Spring 1929". Journal of Contemporary History . 25 (4): 547–580. doi:10.1177/002200949002500408. S2CID   159486304.
  4. 1 2 Ritter, William S (1985). "The Final Phase in the Liquidation of Anti-Soviet Resistance in Tadzhikistan: Ibrahim Bek and the Basmachi, 1924–31". Soviet Studies . 37 (4): 484–493. doi:10.1080/09668138508411604.
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