Falun Gong: The End of Days

Last updated

Falun Gong: The End of Days is a book by Maria Hsia Chang about the Falun Gong.

Contents

Bradley Winterton, in Times Literary Supplement , stated that the book's main idea is that Falun Gong only became political after the Chinese government began to suppress it. [1] Steve Schroeder of Booklist stated that, according to the book, political movements can come from groups that would be "ostensibly apolitical". [2]

Background

The author is a political scientist who originates from China, [3] and is an instructor in that field at the University of Nevada. [4]

The book uses journalism articles and Li Hongzhi's texts as sources, but does not use other primary sources nor fieldwork. David A. Palmer wrote that the sourcing includes anti-Chinese Communist Party (CCP), pro-Falun Gong "alleged but unverified “facts” ". [5]

Contents

"A religious sect defies the state," Chapter 1, is a history of the Falun Gong. Chinese religious movements in general, [6] and how they interact with millenarianist groups, [3] are the topics of Chapter 2, "Chinese religions and millenarian movements." Falun Gong's beliefs according to Li Hongzhi's texts are outlines in the third, "Beliefs and practices." The criminal charges from the Chinese central government against people in the Falun Gong movement are outlined in the fourth, "The state vs. falun gong." A criticism against said legal arguments and against the CCP in general are then presented in the fifth, "The persecution of other faiths." [6]

Reception

David A. Palmer wrote that the book "is a useful and relatively balanced synthesis of what Western journalists and human rights organizations have been writing on falun gong in the past five years." [7] Palmer stated that due to the nature of the sourcing, "she departs little from the standard Western media “script” on falun gong, i.e. the brutal repression by a totalitarian state of innocent meditators with weird ideas". [5]

Zhonghu Yan of Hope College wrote that the book "offers a balanced view of both this group and the Chinese government." [3] Yan concluded the book is "highly readable" and "scholarly and yet popular." [8]

Schroeder describes the work as "a cautionary tale for modern states and a compelling argument for" allowing new religions to be practiced. [9]

Lucian W. Pye of Foreign Affairs wrote that the book is "an excellent introduction" to Chinese religions in general and Falun Gong in particular. [10]

Ilaria Maria Sala stated in the Far Eastern Economic Review stated that because of the simplicity and the "haphazard and sometimes sloppy manner" of picking the sources, Sala felt that she was "a bit disappointed" in the work even though the author had made "commendable[...]effort" to write her work. [11]

Winterton stated that the book "is concise, lucid, determined to be fair to all sides, and devoid of the kind of jargon that infests academic writing in the humanities." [1]

Publishers Weekly described it as "an objective and scholarly account". [12]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Falun Gong</span> New religious movement from China

Falun Gong or Falun Dafa is a new religious movement. Falun Gong was founded by its leader Li Hongzhi in China in the early 1990s. Falun Gong has its global headquarters in Dragon Springs, a 427-acre (1.73 km2) compound in Deerpark, New York, United States, near the residence of Li Hongzhi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David Kilgour</span> Canadian human rights activist and politician (1941–2022)

David William Kilgour was a Canadian human rights activist, author, lawyer, and politician. He was also a Senior Fellow to the Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Li Hongzhi</span> Chinese religious leader and dissident

Li Hongzhi is a Chinese religious leader. He is the founder and leader of Falun Gong, or Falun Dafa, a United States-based new religious movement. Li began his public teachings of Falun Gong on 13 May 1992 in Changchun, and subsequently gave lectures and taught Falun Gong exercises across China.

<i>The Epoch Times</i> Far-right media company affiliated with Falun Gong

The Epoch Times is a far-right international multi-language newspaper and media company affiliated with the Falun Gong new religious movement. The newspaper, based in New York City, is part of the Epoch Media Group, which also operates New Tang Dynasty (NTD) Television. The Epoch Times has websites in 35 countries but is blocked in mainland China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">610 Office</span> Chinese secret police organization

The 610 Office was a security agency in the People's Republic of China. Named for the date of its creation on June 10, 1999, it was established for the purpose of coordinating and implementing the persecution of Falun Gong. The 610 Office was the implementation arm of the Central Leading Group on Dealing with the Falun Gong (CLGDF), also known as the Central Leading Group on Dealing with Heretical Religions, a leading small group of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Because it was a CCP-led office with no formal legal mandate, it is sometimes described as an extralegal organisation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Falun Gong</span>

Falun Gong, also called Falun Dafa, is a spiritual practice and system of beliefs that combines the practice of meditation with the moral philosophy articulated by its leader and founder, Li Hongzhi. It emerged on the public radar in the Spring of 1992 in the northeastern Chinese city of Changchun, and was classified as a system of qigong identifying with the Buddhist tradition. Li claimed to have both supernatural powers like the ability to prevent illness, as well having eternal youth and promised that others can attain supernatural powers and eternal youth by following his teachings. Falun Gong initially enjoyed official sanction and support from Chinese government agencies, and the practice grew quickly on account of the simplicity of its exercise movements, impact on health, the absence of fees or formal membership, and moral and philosophical teachings.

Falun Gong, a new religious movement that combines meditation with the moral philosophy articulated by founder Li Hongzhi, first began spreading widely in China in 1992. Li's first lectures outside mainland China took place in Paris in 1995. At the invitation of the Chinese ambassador to France, he lectured on his teachings and practice methods to the embassy staff and others. From that time on, Li gave lectures in other major cities in Europe, Asia, Oceania, and North America. He has resided permanently in the United States since 1998. Falun Gong is now practiced in some 70 countries worldwide, and the teachings have been translated to over 40 languages. The international Falun Gong community is estimated to number in the hundreds of thousands, though participation estimates are imprecise on account of a lack of formal membership.

Li Hongzhi published the Teachings of Falun Gong in Changchun, China in 1992. They cover a wide range of topics ranging from spiritual, scientific and moral to metaphysical.

The Tiananmen Square self-immolation incident took place in Tiananmen Square in central Beijing, on the eve of Chinese New Year on 23 January 2001. There is controversy over the incident; Chinese government sources say that five members of Falun Gong, a new religious movement that is banned in mainland China, set themselves on fire in the square. Falun Gong sources disputed the accuracy of these portrayals, and claimed that their teachings explicitly forbid violence or suicide. Some journalists have claimed that the self-immolations were staged.

Zhong Gong (中功) is a spiritual movement based on qigong founded in 1987 by Zhang Hongbao. The full name (中华养生益智功) translates to "China Health Care and Wisdom Enhancement Practice." The system distinguished itself from other forms of qigong by its strong emphasis on commercialisation, and a targeted strategy that aimed to build a national commercial organisation in China in the 1990s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shen Yun</span> Performing arts company related to the Falun Gong

Shen Yun Performing Arts is a United States-based non-profit performing arts and entertainment company that tours internationally, producing performances including dance and symphonic music. It is operated by the Falun Gong new religious movement. Shen Yun is composed of eight large performing ensembles, with a total of approximately 480 performers. Shen Yun has performed in front of millions and has toured more than 200 cities across Europe, North America, Oceania, and Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Persecution of Falun Gong</span> Antireligious campaign in China

The persecution of Falun Gong is the campaign initiated in 1999 by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to eliminate the spiritual practice of Falun Gong in China, maintaining a doctrine of state atheism. It is characterized by a multifaceted propaganda campaign, a program of enforced ideological conversion and re-education and reportedly a variety of extralegal coercive measures such as arbitrary arrests, forced labor and physical torture, sometimes resulting in death.

Falun Gong is a spiritual practice taught by Li Hongzhi. Practicing Falun Gong or protesting on its behalf is forbidden in Mainland China, yet the practice remains legal in Hong Kong, which has greater protections of civil and political liberties under “One country, Two systems.” Since 1999 practitioners in Hong Kong have staged demonstrations and protests against the Chinese government, and assisted those fleeing persecution in China. Nonetheless, Falun Gong practitioners have encountered some restrictions in Hong Kong as a result of political pressure from Beijing. The treatment of Falun Gong by Hong Kong authorities has often been used as a bellwether to gauge the integrity of the one country two systems model.

Allegations of forced organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners and other political prisoners in China have raised concern within the international community. According to a report by former lawmaker David Kilgour, human rights lawyer David Matas and journalist Ethan Gutmann of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation, political prisoners, mainly Falun Gong practitioners, are being executed "on demand" in order to provide organs for transplant to recipients. Reports have said that organ harvesting has been used to advance the Chinese Communist Party's persecution of Falun Gong and because of the financial incentives available to the institutions and individuals involved in the trade. A report by The Washington Post has disputed some of the allegations, saying that China does not import sufficient quantities of immunosuppressant drugs, used by transplant recipients, to carry out such quantities of organ harvesting.

<i>Vision China Times</i> Chinese language newspaper in Australia

Vision China Times Australia is a Chinese language newspaper owned by the Vision Times Media (Australia) Corporation Pty Ltd. Vision China Times Australia was established as a weekly newspaper in Australia in July 2006, based on a widely-read overseas Chinese news website, secretchina.com, which was launched in 2001 in the United States and is known as Vision Times or Kanzhongguo. The newspaper has been described as part of the media outreach of Falun Gong, an anti-communist new religious movement, although this has been contested by the paper's Australian editorial team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dragon Springs</span> Falun Gong headquarters

Dragon Springs, also known as The Mountain, is a 427-acre (1.73 km2) compound in Deerpark, New York, US that serves as the headquarters of the global Falun Gong new religious movement and the Shen Yun performance arts troupe. Falun Gong founder and leader Li Hongzhi lives near the compound, as do hundreds of Falun Gong adherents. Members of Shen Yun live and rehearse in the compound, which also has an orphanage, schools and temples.

<i>The Religion of Falun Gong</i>

The Religion of Falun Gong is a 2012 nonfiction book by Benjamin Penny, published by the University of Chicago Press, that discusses the Falun Gong's belief system.

Revenge of the Forbidden City: The Suppression of the Falungong in China, 1999-2005 is a 2009 book by James W. Tong, published by Oxford University Press. It describes how the Chinese government suppressed the Falun Gong in that stated time frame. David Ownby of the Université de Montréal described it as "a very nuts-and-bolts book".

Falun Gong and the Future of China is a 2008 book by David Ownby, published by Oxford University Press.

Qigong Fever: Body, Science, and Utopia in China is a 2007 book by David A. Palmer, published by Columbia University Press. It is about the "Qigong fever" in the late 20th century in China.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Winterton, p. 12.
  2. Schroeder, p. 1245.
  3. 1 2 3 Yan, p. 459.
  4. Sala, p. 68.
  5. 1 2 Palmer, p. 182.
  6. 1 2 Palmer, p. 181.
  7. Palmer, p. 183.
  8. Yan, p. 460.
  9. Schroeder, p. 1246.
  10. Pye, Lucian W. (September–October 2004). "Falun Gong: The End of Days". Foreign Affairs . Retrieved 2022-08-12.
  11. Sala, p. 69.
  12. "FALUN GONG: The End of Days". Publishers Weekly . Retrieved 2022-08-14.