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Father Richard Augustine Hay (1661-c.1736) was prior of St. Pierremont, France, and antiquary.
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(July 2019) |
Father Richard Augustine Hay (1661-c.1736) was prior of St. Pierremont, France, and antiquary.
Richard Hay was born in Edinburgh on 16 August 1661 and baptized in Tron Kirk. He was the second son of Captain George Hay; his paternal grandfather, Sir John Hay of Barra was the Lord Clerk Register of Scotland. [1] His mother, Jean Spottiswood, was the daughter of Sir Henry Spottiswood, High Sheriff of Dublin. [2] He was brought up with his cousins at Innerleithen, and Dysart.
When aged five his father died and his widowed mother, Jean Spottiswood, married James St. Clair of Rosslyn c.1667. Under the influence of his step-father, Hay became Catholic. At 13 he was sent to study at the Catholic Scots College at Paris. He also studied grammar at the College of Navarre. After four years he moved to Chartres and became a pensioner at St. Chéron's Abbey of Canons Regular and there completed his education in rhetoric. [2]
In 1678 Hay became a Canon Regular at the Abbey of Saint Genevieve in Paris, adding the name "Augustine". He took his vows the following year and then went to Saint-Jacques de Provins staying two years during which he received the tonsure and the four minor orders. At the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Rillé at Fourères, Brittany, he studied philosophy and divinity being ordained sub-deacon and deacon in September 1683. Returning to Chartres he was ordained priest on 22 September 1685. [2]
Two years later he was charged with re-establishing the Order of Canon's Regular in Scotland. He met King James at Windsor, and proceeded to Leith. However, the plan came to nought due to the 'Glorious Revolution' of 1688. Nonetheless, he found the opportunity to examine the documents held by the St. Clair family before being forced to return to France in June 1689. He became sub-prior at Hérivaux and then Essomes. In August 1694 he was appointed prior of Bernicourt, Champagne, and in January 1695 became prior of St.-Pierremont-en-Argonne. [3]
The exact date of his return to Scotland is unknown but is likely to have been in the latter part of 1718. The following year he proposed a scheme to print John de Fordun's (c.1320-c.1387) Scotichronicon in which he was unsuccessful. [4]
The St. Clair family (variously spelled: SaintClair, Saint Clair, SantClair, and other variants in historical records) were staunch Roman Catholics throughout the Scottish Reformation and beyond. Hay's integration by marriage into the St. Clair family at a young age ensured that he was brought up with the traditions of a noble Scottish family - albeit one at complete odds with the dominant, Protestant, version of the Christian faith at that time. This interest in his adopted family's history led him to examine the Sinclair family records held within Rosslyn Castle. Hay had some form of a library or office in the crypt of Rosslyn Chapel as he records that he lost several books from there when the chapel was attacked by a mob on the evening of 11 December 1688. [5] This shows that he was very familiar with the castle and chapel owned by the St. Clair family. His transcriptions were later printed, in part, by James Maidment in 1835. [6] These transcriptions reproduced Hay's copies of the Latin and Scots language originals. In 2002 a new edition of Hay's (as printed by Maidment) 'Genealogie' translated these into modern English.
His copies of these documents, which were written in English, Scots and Latin have been used extensively by historians since the loss of the originals. The manuscripts, preserved in the National Library of Scotland, are the main source for the history of the Sinclairs and of Rosslyn Chapel.
Hay died in poverty in the Cowgate, Edinburgh, 1736 the same year that the head of the St Clair family, William St Clair of Roslin, became the first Grand Master Mason of the Grand Lodge of Scotland.
Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, Lord of Roslin was a Scottish and a Norwegian nobleman. Sinclair held the title Earl of Orkney and was Lord High Admiral of Scotland under the King of Norway. He was sometimes identified by another spelling of his surname, St. Clair. He was the grandfather of William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness, the builder of Rosslyn Chapel. He was best known today because of a modern legend that he took part in explorations of Greenland and North America almost 100 years before Christopher Columbus. William Thomson, in his book The New History of Orkney, wrote: "It has been Earl Henry's singular fate to enjoy an ever-expanding posthumous reputation which has very little to do with anything he achieved in his lifetime."
Rosslyn Chapel, formerly known as the Collegiate Chapel of St Matthew, is a 15th-century chapel located in the village of Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland.
Robert Francis St Clair-Erskine, 4th Earl of Rosslyn, styled Lord Loughborough from 1851 until 1866, was a British Conservative politician. He served as Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms under Lord Salisbury between 1886 and 1890.
Clan Sinclair is a Highland Scottish clan who held lands in Caithness, the Orkney Islands, and the Lothians. The chiefs of the clan were the Barons of Roslin and later the Earls of Orkney and Earls of Caithness. The Sinclairs are believed to have come from Normandy to England during the Norman conquest of England, before arriving in Scotland in the 11th century. The Sinclairs supported the Scottish Crown during the Scottish–Norwegian War and the Wars of Scottish Independence. The chiefs were originally Barons of Roslin, Midlothian and William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness and Baron of Roslin founded the famous Rosslyn Chapel in the 15th century. He split the family lands, disinheriting his eldest son from his first marriage, William, who inherited the title of Lord Sinclair, instead giving the lands of Caithness to the second son from his second marriage, William Sinclair, 2nd Earl of Caithness, in 1476, and the lands at Roslin to his eldest son from his second marriage, Sir Oliver Sinclair. In the 16th century the Sinclairs fought against England during the Anglo-Scottish Wars and also feuded with their neighbors the Clan Sutherland. During the Jacobite rising of 1715 the Sinclairs supported the Jacobite cause, but during the Jacobite rising of 1745, while the clan largely had Jacobite sympathies, their chief, the Earl of Caithness, supported the British-Hanoverian Government. The current chief is Malcolm Sinclair, 20th Earl of Caithness.
The Knights Templar, full name The United Religious, Military and Masonic Orders of the Temple and of St John of Jerusalem, Palestine, Rhodes and Malta, is a fraternal order affiliated with Freemasonry. Unlike the initial degrees conferred in a regular Masonic Lodge, which only require a belief in a Supreme Being regardless of religious affiliation, the Knights Templar is one of several additional Masonic Orders in which membership is open only to Freemasons who profess a belief in Christianity. One of the obligations entrants to the order are required to declare is to protect and defend the Christian faith. The word "United" in its full title indicates that more than one historical tradition and more than one actual order are jointly controlled within this system. The individual orders 'united' within this system are principally the Knights of the Temple, the Knights of Malta, the Knights of St Paul, and only within the York Rite, the Knights of the Red Cross.
There are Masonic degrees named after the Knights Templar but not all Knights Templar Orders are Masonic.
Roslin Castle is a partially ruined castle near the village of Roslin in Midlothian, Scotland. It is located around 9 miles south of Edinburgh, on the north bank of the North Esk, only a few hundred metres from the famous Rosslyn Chapel.
Baron of Roslin or Rosslyn was a Scottish feudal barony held by the St Clair or Sinclair family.
The Abbey of St Genevieve (Abbaye-Sainte-Geneviève) was a monastery in Paris. Reportedly built by Clovis, King of the Franks in 502, it became a centre of religious scholarship in the Middle Ages. It was suppressed at the time of the French Revolution.
William St Clair of Roslin, 20th Baron of Roslin (1700-1778) was a member of the Clan Sinclair. His title, Baron of Roslin, was not a peerage but a Scottish feudal barony. He had an interest in sport and was a skilled golfer and archer. He redesigned the Old Course at St. Andrews to 18 holes thus affecting all golf courses since. He was the son of Alexander St Clair, 19th Baron of Roslin.
The Ancient Abbey of Canons Regular of St. Augustine of Saint-Pierremont is a former Augustinian abbey in the commune of Avril in what is now the Meurthe-et-Moselle département of France, founded in the late eleventh century and dedicated to Saint Peter. Little is left of the medieval abbey buildings. Some buildings of the eighteenth century survive, notably the dovecote of the abbey, which was built in 1747 in the Baroque style and remodeled in 1774 with Rococo elements; it is registered in the Base Mérimée of notable French architectural monuments.
William St. Clair, 6th Baron of Roslin was a Scottish nobleman of the late 13th and early 14th centuries.
William Sinclair was a Scottish nobleman and the 3rd Lord Sinclair. In The Scots Peerage by James Balfour Paul he is designated as the 2nd Lord Sinclair, but historian Roland Saint-Clair designates him the 3rd Lord Sinclair in reference to his descent from his grandfather, Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, the first Lord Sinclair. Roland Saint-Clair references this to an Act of the Scottish Parliament in which William Sinclair's son, Henry Sinclair, 4th Lord Sinclair, was made Lord Sinclair based on his descent from his great-grandfather, Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, the first Lord Sinclair. Bernard Burke, in his a Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire, agrees with Roland Saint-Clair and says that Henry Sinclair was "in reality" the fourth holder of the title of Lord Sinclair.
Oliver St Clair was a Scottish noble and the 12th Baron of Roslin.
William St Clair was a Scottish noble and the 13th Baron of Roslin.
William St Clair was a Scottish nobleman and the 14th Baron of Roslin.
William St Clair was a Scottish nobleman and the 15th Baron of Roslin.
William St Clair was a Scottish nobleman and the 16th Baron of Roslin.
John St Clair was a Scottish nobleman and the 17th Baron of Roslin.
James St Clair was a Scottish nobleman and the 18th Baron of Roslin.
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