Filimon Bodiu | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 1910 |
| Died | November 16, 1950 |
| Nationality | Soviet Union Romania |
| Other names | Dimitrie Grosu |
| Spouse | Olimpiada Bodiu |
| Parent(s) | Eftim and Axinaia |
Filimon Bodiu (1910 - November 16, 1950) was a Moldovan activist in the former Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Filimon Bodiu was born in Mîndrești. Between 1945 and 1950, he was the leader of an anti-Soviet group in Bessarabia. Bodiu was killed in fighting on November 16, 1950, during a fight with the authorities. His child was killed in the fighting, but his wife, Olimpiada Bodiu, was taken as prisoner.
Although Filimon Bodiu's group was composed of only 8–10 people, the social network was quite large. According to the archives over 50 families have sheltered and supported him, and were described as "terrorist" by the Stalinist security organs. The crosscheck documents research allowed historians to conclude that the group's activity did not have"robbery and murder" purposes, as stipulated by the sentences passed to members and supporters of the group. Neither the peasants who supported him would perceive the group's activity as criminal. At first, this group was aimed at propaganda only.
Bodiu organized "meetings with the peasants" at homes of some of the participants, where he spoke of the danger of Sovietisation and forced collectivization. The authorities considered these actions as "criminal terror". Another "terrorist" method according to the authorities were intimidation letters addressed to the officials. By these letters, in authoritarian language, Bodiu requested not to rob the peasants anymore and to respect their religious feelings. The group fighting methods became aggressive when the prosecution bodies had tried to arrest Filimon Bodiu. The murders committed by the group members, the majority being self-defense cases, however, allowed the Soviet Security Services to make a list of „criminal terrorist actions”.
On November 16, 1950 Filimon, Olimpiada, Ion, and Iulia Bodiu were hiding in Mîndrești village in the house of Porfir Suruceanu, the member of the organization. They were tracked down by the Ministry of State Security with the help of a former contact person of the group. The commander of the MSS unit demanded to capitulate. Bodiu refused and engaged instead in a hopeless battle. Filimon and Ion died in a shootout, but managed to cover Iulia's escape, whose father ordered her to flee. Olimpiada was seriously injured and arrested. [1]
The Romanian anti-communist resistance movement was active from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s, with isolated individual fighters remaining at large until the early 1960s. Armed resistance was the first and most structured form of resistance against the communist regime, which in turn regarded the fighters as "bandits". It was not until the overthrow of Nicolae Ceaușescu in late 1989 that details about what was called "anti-communist armed resistance" were made public. It was only then that the public learned about the several small armed groups, which sometimes termed themselves "hajduks", that had taken refuge in the Carpathian Mountains, where some hid for ten years from authorities. The last fighter was eliminated in the mountains of Banat in 1962. The Romanian resistance was one of the longest lasting armed movements in the former Eastern Bloc.
Vin americanii! was a slogan used in Romania in the 1940s and 1950s, encapsulating the hope that an American-led invasion of Eastern Europe would topple the Soviet-backed, Communist-dominated government installed in early 1945. This notion helped sustain an anti-communist resistance movement and emboldened the civilians who aided it.
Iosif Capotă was a physician who, after the Soviet occupation of Romania, became the leader of an anti-communist resistance group in the Mărgău–Huedin area.
The Democratic Agrarian Party was a clandestine political party in the Moldovan SSR.
"Vasile Lupu" High School Group was one of the first organized anti-Soviet groups in Bessarabia in the wake of its occupation by the Soviet Union on June 28, 1940.
The National Organization of Bessarabia "Arcașii lui Ștefan" was one of the organized anti-Soviet groups in Bessarabia right after World War II.
The Freedom Party was a clandestine political party in the Moldovan SSR.
Vocea Basarabiei was one of the organized anti-Soviet groups in Bessarabia.
Constantin Vasilievici Bivol was a Bessarabian politician and agriculturalist, brother of the more famous politician Nicolae Bivol. Hailing from the ethnic Romanian community of Costești, he was born a subject of the Russian Empire, and saw action with the Imperial Russian Army in World War I. He was a soldiers' delegate to Sfatul Țării, the regional assembly of Bessarabia Governorate, after elections in November 1917; upon the proclamation of a Moldavian Democratic Republic, he veered toward Romanian nationalism, and promoted the Romanian vernacular against the linguistic pluralism championed by Bessarabia's ethnic minorities.
Vasile Gheorghe Cijevschi was a Bessarabian and Romanian politician, administrator and writer. Originally a career officer and Orientalist in service to the Russian Empire, he was dispatched to the Far East, in Vladivostok and Khabarovsk, seeing action in the Russo-Japanese War. He was wounded and shielded from active duty, but returned with the start of World War I, managing to survive the Battle of Tannenberg. By the time of the February Revolution, he was a civil servant in Bessarabia, and an affiliate of the Octobrist Party.
Olimpiada Bodiu (1912–1971) was a Bessarabian activist and member of an anti-communist resistance group in the former Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Elena Postică is a historian from the Republic of Moldova.
Sabia Dreptății was one of the organized anti-Soviet groups in Bălți, Bessarabia.
Vasile Bătrânac is a Moldovan former educator and early Soviet dissident who was the head of the Arcașii lui Ștefan group in the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic shortly after World War II.
Armata Neagră was an organized anti-Soviet group in the Moldovan SSR (Bessarabia).
Vasile Odobescu was a founder and leader of the anti-Soviet organization Democratic Agrarian Party.
Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu was a member of the fascist paramilitary organization Iron Guard, who between 1948 and 1955, after the Soviet occupation of Romania and the establishment of the Romanian People's Republic, became the leader of an underground anti-communist paramilitary group in the Făgăraș Mountains.
Sîdîyîk Ibrahim H. Mîrzî (1909–1959) was a Crimean Tatar spiritual leader, imam, Mufti of the Muslim community of Romania, and activist for ethnic Tatar causes.
Toma Arnăuțoiu was a Romanian officer who led a small group of anti-communist resistance fighters in the Southern Carpathian foothills between 1949 and 1958. It ended up as one of the most enduring resistance groups in Eastern Europe.
Action 2012, officially Unionist Platform Action 2012 or Civic Platform Action 2012, is a coalition of non-governmental organizations striving for the unification of Moldova and Romania operating in both Moldova and Romania. It was established on 17 April 2011, bringing together more than 30 unionist NGOs from Romania, Moldova, the United States and several other European countries. Action 2012 takes its name from the year 2012, which marked the 200th anniversary of the annexation of Bessarabia by the Russian Empire away from the Romanian principality of Moldavia. The coalition was founded by George Simion, then a Romanian activist who later became a politician.