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Symon Vasyliovych Petliura was a Ukrainian politician and journalist. He was the Supreme Commander of the Ukrainian People's Army (UNA) and led the Ukrainian People's Republic during the Ukrainian War of Independence, a part of the wider Russian Civil War.
The Central Rada of Ukraine, also called the Central Council, was the All-Ukrainian council that united deputies of soldiers, workers, and peasants deputies as well as few members of political, public, cultural and professional organizations of the Ukrainian People's Republic. After the All-Ukrainian National Congress, the Council became the revolutionary parliament in the interbellum lasting until the Ukrainian-Soviet War. Unlike many other councils in the Russian Republic, bolshevization of this council failed completely, prompting the Bolsheviks in Ukraine to relocate to Kharkov.
Volodymyr Kyrylovych Vynnychenko was a Ukrainian statesman, political activist, writer, playwright and artist who served as the first prime minister of the Ukrainian People's Republic.
The Directorate, or Directory was a provisional collegiate revolutionary state committee of the Ukrainian People's Republic, initially formed on 13–14 November 1918 during a session of the Ukrainian National Union in rebellion against the Ukrainian State. During the Anti-Hetman Uprising it was named as the Executive Council of the State Affairs. Its authority was extended by the Labor Congress of Ukraine on 23–28 January 1919.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine is the ministry of the Ukrainian government that oversees the foreign relations of Ukraine. The head of the ministry is the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
The General Secretariat of Ukraine was the autonomous Ukrainian executive government of the Russian Republic from June 28, 1917, to January 22, 1918. For most of its existence it was headed by Volodymyr Vynnychenko.
The Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party, also commonly known as Esdeky, was a social-democratic political party in the Ukrainian People's Republic. The party was reformed in 1905 at the Second Congress of the Revolutionary Ukrainian Party and was pursuing Marxism through the Social Democratic Party of Germany's Erfurt Program as well as national and cultural autonomy. Party leaders were Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Symon Petliura, Mykola Porsh, Dmytro Antonovych, Lev Yurkevych, Mykhailo Tkachenko, and Mykola Kovalsky.
The Council of People's Ministers of Ukraine was the main executive institution of the Ukrainian People's Republic. Its duties and functions were outlined in the Chapter V of the Constitution of the Ukrainian People's Republic.
Universals of the Central Council of Ukraine are legal acts or declarations issued by the Central Council of Ukraine in 1917-18. These documents marked the main stages of the development of the nascent Ukrainian state, from the proclamation of its autonomy to the declaration of full independence.
Mykola Volodymyrovych Porsh was a political and civil activist of Ukraine, economist, member of the Russian Constituent Assembly.
The Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) was a short-lived state in Eastern Europe. Prior to its proclamation, the Central Council of Ukraine was elected in March 1917 as a result of the February Revolution, and in June, it declared Ukrainian autonomy within Russia. Its autonomy was later recognized by the Russian Provisional Government. Following the October Revolution, the Central Council of Ukraine denounced the Bolshevik seizure of power and proclaimed the Ukrainian People's Republic with a territory including the area of approximately eight Russian imperial governorates. It formally declared its independence from Russia on 22 January 1918.
The Ukrainian–Soviet War is the term commonly used in post-Soviet Ukraine for the events taking place between 1917 and 1921, nowadays regarded essentially as a war between the Ukrainian People's Republic and the Bolsheviks. The war ensued soon after the October Revolution when Lenin dispatched Antonov's expeditionary group to Ukraine and Southern Russia.
The second government was organized by Volodymyr Vynnychenko after Dmytro Doroshenko government of which was confirmed on August 14, resigned on August 18. Many ministers picked by Doroshenko were left at their positions, while other ministries were filled by Social-Democrats. The new Secretariat was confirmed by the Russian Provisional Government on September 1.
Ukrainian General Military Committee was the highest military institution in Ukrainian People's Republic established by the First All-Ukrainian Military Congress on 18 May 1917 for the purpose of governing the Ukrainian military movement and transforming the Russian military on the territory of Ukrainian lands into national military force. The committee is seen as a precursor of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence.
The Lyzohub Government was the first official government of Ukrainian State that was confirmed on 4 May 1918 after Pavlo Skoropadsky managed to oust the previous socialist government led by Vsevolod Holubovych and dissolve the Central Council of Ukraine. Most of its candidates were already pre-selected by Mykola Vasylenko who took the portfolio of Minister of National Education.
All-Ukrainian National Congress became the first representative forum of the Ukrainian national movement in Ukraine and the first step towards the creation of Ukrainian National State. The congress was organized by the Ukrainian Central Rada and took place on 19–21 April [O.S. 6–8 April] 1917. The congress took place about a month after the creation of the Central Council of Ukraine and the 1917 March events in Petrograd. There were 1,500 delegates that participated in the congress and included 700 delegates with a decisive vote rights, 200 had consultative vote rights, and the rest were guests and invited participants. The key purpose of the congress was to recognize the Central Council of Ukraine as the All-Ukrainian National representative authority and widen its competency over the whole territory of Ukraine.
The Fourth Universal of the Ukrainian Central Council is a significant state-political declaration that proclaimed the full state independence of the Ukrainian People's Republic. It was enacted by the Lower Council (Committee) of the Ukrainian Central Council in Kyiv on 22 January [O.S. 9 January] 1918. Its issuance followed the commencement of peace negotiations between the Ukrainian People's Republic and the Central Powers in Brest-Litovsk.
Manifesto to the Ukrainian people with ultimate demands to the Ukrainian Rada is an official document of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, prepared by Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Vladimir Lenin, People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs Leon Trotsky, People's Commissar of Nationalities Joseph Stalin.
The First Universal of the Ukrainian Central Council is a state-political act, the universal of the Central Council of Ukraine, which proclaimed the autonomy of Ukraine. Accepted 23 June [O.S. 10 June] 1917 in Kyiv. The full name is the Universal of the Ukrainian Central Rada to the Ukrainian people, in Ukraine and beyond Ukraine.
The Second Universal of the Ukrainian Central Council is a state-political act, universal of the Central Council of Ukraine, which fixed the agreements between the Ukrainian Central Rada and the Provisional Government of Russian Republic. Proclaimed by Volodymyr Vynnychenko 16 July [O.S. 3 July] 1917 in Kyiv, at a solemn meeting at the Pedagogical Museum in response to a telegram from the Provisional Government to the Central Rada.
