The fluoride phosphates or phosphate fluorides are inorganic double salts that contain both fluoride and phosphate anions. In mineralogy, Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals groups these as 22.1. The Nickel-Strunz grouping is 8.BN.
Related mixed anion compounds are the chloride phosphates, the fluoride arsenates and fluoride vanadates.
They are distinct from the fluorophosphates: monofluorophosphate, difluorophosphate and hexafluorophosphate which have fluorine bonds to the phosphorus.
name | formula | ratio PO4:F | formula weight | crystal system | space group | unit cell | volume | density | refractive index | comment | reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Althausite | Mg4(PO4)2(OH,O)(F,☐) | 2:~1 | Orthorhombic | Pnma | a = 8.258 b = 6.054, c = 14.383 | 719.06 | 2.97 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.588 nβ = 1.592 nγ = 1.598 2V: measured: 70° , calculated: 80° Max birefringence: δ = 0.010 | [1] | ||
Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F | 1:1 | Triclinic | P1 | a = 6.644 b = 7.744 c = 6.91 α = 90.35°, β = 117.33°, γ = 91.01° Z=4 | 315.75 | 3.04-3.11 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.577 - 1.591 nβ = 1.592 - 1.605 nγ = 1.596 - 1.613 2V: Measured: 107° to 129.5° Birefringence: 0.020 | [2] | ||
aravaite | Ba2Ca18(SiO4)6(PO4)3(CO3)F3O | 3:3 | trigonal | R3m | a = 7.1255, c = 66.290 Z=3 | 2914.8 | [3] | ||||
Arctite | Na2Ca4(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Trigonal | R3m | a = 7.078 c = 41.203 Z=6 | 1,787.64 | 3.13 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.578 nε = 1.577 Birefringence: 0.001 | [4] | ||
Ariegilatite | BaCa12(SiO4)4(PO4)2F2O | Trigonal | R3m | a = 7.1551 c = 41.303 | 1381.2 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.650 nε = 1.647 Max Birefringence: δ = 0.003 | [5] | ||||
Babefphite | BaBePO4(F,OH) | 1:~1 | Tetragonal | Uniaxial (+) nω = 1.629 nε = 1.632 Max birefringence: δ = 0.003 | [6] | ||||||
Belovite-(Ce) | NaCeSr3(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Trigonal | P3 | a = 9.692 c = 7.201 | 585.80 | 4.19 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.653 - 1.660 nε = 1.634 - 1.640 Birefringence: 0.015 | [7] | ||
Belovite-(La) | NaLaSr3(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Trigonal | P3 | a = 9.647 c = 7.17 | 577.88 | 4.19 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.653 nε = 1.635 - 1.636 Max birefringence: δ = 0.018 | [8] | ||
Bøggildite | Na2Sr2Al2PO4F9 | 1:9 | Monoclinic | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.462 nβ = 1.466 nγ = 1.469 2V: 80° Max birefringence:δ = 0.007 | [9] | ||||||
Carlgieseckeite-(Nd) | NaNdCa3(PO4)3F | Trigonal | P3 | a = 9.4553 c = 6.9825 | 540.62 | 3.91 | [10] | ||||
Cloncurryite | Cu0.5(VO)0.5Al2(PO4)2F2 · 5H2O | 2:2 | Monoclinic | P21/b | a = 4.9573 b = 12.1824 c = 18.9749 β = 90.933° Z=4 | 1145.78 | 2.525 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.548(2) nγ = 1.550(2) 2V: calculated: 56° Max brefringence: δ = 0.002 | [11] | ||
Deloneite | (Na0.5REE0.25Ca0.25)(Ca0.75REE0.25)Sr1.5(CaNa0.25REE0.25)(PO4)3F0.5(OH)0.5 | Trigonal | P3 | a = 9.51 c = 7.01 Z=2 | 549.05 | 3.92 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.682 nε = 1.660 Max birefringence: δ = 0.022 | [12] | |||
Fluellite | Al2(PO4)F2(OH) · 7H2O | Orthorhombic | Fddd | a = 11.22 b = 21.15 c = 8.54 | 2,027 | 2.139 - 2.17 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.473 - 1.490 nβ = 1.490 - 1.496 nγ = 1.506 - 1.511 Max birefringence: δ = 0.033 | [13] | |||
Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Hexagonal | P63/m | a = 9.3973 c = 6.8782 | 526.03 | 3.1-3.25 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.631 - 1.650 nε = 1.627 - 1.646 Birefringence: 0.004 | [14] | ||
Fluorcaphite | SrCaCa3(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Hexagonal | P63/m | a = 9.485 c = 7.000 Z=2 | 545.39 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.649 nε = 1.637 Max birefringence: δ = 0.012 | [15] | |||
Fluorphosphohedyphane | Ca2Pb3(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Hexagonal | P63/m | a = 9.640, c = 7.012 Z=2 | 564.4 | 5.445 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.836 nε = 1.824 Max birefringence: δ = 0.012 | [16] | ||
Fluorstrophite | SrCaSr3(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Hexagonal | P63/m | a = 9.565 c = 7.115 Z=2 | 563.74 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.651 nε = 1.637 Max birefringence: δ = 0.014 | [17] | |||
Francolite | |||||||||||
Herderite | CaBe(PO4)F | Monoclinic | a = 4.81, b = 7.7 c = 9.82 β = 90.1° | 363.7 | 3.02 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.556 - 1.592 nβ = 1.578 - 1.610 nγ = 1.589 - 1.620 2V: calculated: 70° Max birefringence: δ = 0.033 | [18] | ||||
Iangreyite | Ca2Al7(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH,F)15 · 8H2O | 4:~15 | Trigonal | P3 2 1 | a = 6.988 c = 16.707 | 706.5 | [19] | ||||
Isokite | CaMg(PO4)F | Monoclinic | B2/b | a = 6.52 b = 8.75 c = 7.51 β = 121.47° | 365.4 | 3.15-3.27 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.590 nβ = 1.595 nγ = 1.615 2V: ,easured: 51° Max birefringence: δ = 0.025 | [20] | |||
Kingite | Al3(PO4)2F2(OH) · 7H2O | 2:2 | Triclinic | a = 9.15 b = 10 c = 7.24 α = 98.6°, β = 93.6°, γ = 93.2° | Biaxial | [21] | |||||
Kuannersuite-(Ce) | NaCeBa3(PO4)3F0.5Cl0.5 | 6:1 | Trigonal | P3 | a = 9.909 c = 7.402 | 629.42 | 4.51 | [22] | |||
Lacroixite | NaAl(PO4)F | 1:1 | Monoclinic | B2/b | a = 6.414 b = 8.207 c = 6.885 β = 115.47° | 327.20 | 3.126 - 3.29 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.546 nβ = 1.563 nγ = 1.580 2V: measured: 89° Birefringence: 0.034 | [23] | ||
Mcauslanite | Fe3Al2(PO4)3(PO3OH)F · 18H2O | 4:1 | Triclinic | a = 10.05 b = 11.56 c = 6.88 α = 105.84°, β = 93.66°, γ = 106.47° | 728.7 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.522 nβ = 1.531 nγ = 1.534 2V: measured: 55° to 59.7°, calculated: 58° Max birefringence:δ = 0.012 | [24] | ||||
Minyulite | KAl2(PO4)2(OH,F) · 4H2O | 2:~1 | Orthorhombic | Pba2 | a = 9.34 b = 9.74 c = 5.52 | 502 | 2.47 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.531 nβ = 1.534 nγ = 1.538 2V: measured: 70° , calculated: 82° Max birefringence: δ = 0.007 | [25] | ||
Miyahisaite | (Sr,Ca)2Ba3(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Hexagonal | P63/m | a = 9.921, c = 7.469 Z=2 | 636.7 | 4.511 | [26] | |||
Morinite | NaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O | 2:4 | Monoclinic | 2.94 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.551 nβ = 1.563 nγ = 1.565 2V: measured: 43° , calculated: 44° Max birefringence: δ = 0.014 | [27] | |||||
Nacaphite | Na2Ca(PO4)F | Monoclinic | P21/b | a = 13.318 b = 7.0964 c = 10.6490 β = 113.526° Z=8 | 922.81 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.508 nβ = 1.515 nγ = 1.520 2V: 80° Max birefringence: δ = 0.012 | [28] | ||||
natrophosphate | Na7(PO4)2F.19H2O | 2:1 | Isometric | Fd3c | a = 27.79 Z=56 | 21,461.78 | 1,71-1.72 | Isotropic | [29] [30] | ||
Nefedovite | Na5Ca4(PO4)4F | 4:1 | Triclinic | a = 5.4 Å, b = 11.64 Å, c = 16.48 Å α = 134.99°, β = 90.04°, γ = 89.96° | 732.60 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.571 nγ = 1.590 Max birefringence: δ = 0.019 | [31] | ||||
Nevadaite | (Cu2+,Al,V3+)6Al8(PO4)8F8(OH)2 · 22H2O | 8:8 | Orthorhombic | P21mn | a = 12.123 b = 18.999 c = 4.961 | 2.54 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.540 nβ = 1.548 nγ = 1.553 2V: measured: 76°, calculated: 76° Max birefringence: δ = 0.013 | [32] | |||
Panasqueiraite | CaMg(PO4)(OH,F) | 1:~1 | monoclinic | a = 6.53 b = 8.75 c = 6.91 β = 112.33° | 365.2 | 3.27 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.590 nβ = 1.596 nγ = 1.616 2V: measured: 51° , calculated: 58° Max birefringence: δ = 0.026 | [33] | |||
Richellite | CaFe3+2(PO4)2(OH,F)2 | 2:~2 | a = 5.18 c = 12.61 | [34] | |||||||
Stronadelphite | Sr5(PO4)3F | 3:1 | Hexagonal | P63/m | a = 9.845 c = 7.383 | 619.72 | Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.630(1) nε = 1.623(1) Max birefringence: δ = 0.007 | [35] | |||
Triplite | Mn2+2(PO4)F | 1:1 | Monoclinic | P21/b | a = 11.9 b = 6.52 c = 10.09 β = 105.62° | 758.4 | 3.9 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.650 nβ = 1.660 nγ = 1.680 2V: measured: 70° to 90°, calculated: 72° Max birefringence: δ = 0.030 | [36] | ||
Väyrynenite | Mn2+Be(PO4)(OH,F) | 1:~1 | Monoclinic | P21/b | a = 5.411 b = 14.49 c = 4.73 β = 102.75° | 361.71 | 3.22 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.638 - 1.640 nβ = 1.658 - 1.662 nγ = 1.664 - 1.667 2V: measured: 46° to 55°, Calculated: 51° to 57° Max birefringence: δ = 0.026 - 0.027 | [37] | ||
Viitaniemiite | Na(Ca,Mn2+)Al(PO4)(F,OH)3 | 1:~3 | Monoclinic | a = 6.83 b = 7.14 c = 5.44 β = 109.37° | 250.27 | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.557 nβ = 1.565 nγ = 1.571 2V: measured: 81° , calculated: 80° Max birefringence: δ = 0.014 | [38] | ||||
Wagnerite | (Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F | 1:1 | Monoclinic | P21/b | a = 9.645 b = 31.659 c = 11.914 β = 108.26(3)° | 3454.8 | 3.15 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.568 nβ = 1.572 nγ = 1.582 2V: Measured: 25° to 35° ? Birefringence:0.046 Max birefringence: δ = 0.015 | [39] | ||
Wavellite | Al3(PO4)2(OH,F)3 · 5H2O | 2:~3 | Orthorhombic | a = 9.621 b = 17.363 c = 6.994 | 1168.3 | 2.36 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.518 - 1.535 nβ = 1.524 - 1.543 nγ = 1.544 - 1.561 2V: measured: 60° to 72°, calculated: 60° to 70° Max birefringence: δ = 0.026 | [40] | |||
Zwieselite | Fe2+2(PO4)F | 1:1 | Monoclinic | P21/b | 753.82 | Biaxial (+) nα = 1.686 - 1.696 nβ = 1.690 - 1.704 nγ = 1.703 - 1.713 2V: measured: 58° , calculated: 60° Max birefringence: δ = 0.017 | [41] | ||||
Na5-4.5PO4(CO3,F,Cl) | 1:~1 | [29] | |||||||||
name | formula | formula weight | crystal system | space group | unit cell Å | volume | density | refractive index | comment | reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EMM-9; 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine fluoroaluminophosphate | (DMAP)2Al4P4O17F2•H2O | monoclinic | P21/a | a=14.335 b=13.561 c=14.497 β =101.094° | layered | [42] | ||||
KBPO4F | monoclinic | Cc | [43] | |||||||
Iron-Doped Sodium–Vanadium Fluorophosphate | Na3V2–yO2–yFey(PO4)2F1+y (y < 0.3) | tetrahedral | P42/mnm | a=9.0277 c=10.6259 | 866.0 | [44] | ||||
Na3V2O1.6(PO4)2F1.4 | [44] | |||||||||
Na3V2(PO4)2F3 | [45] | |||||||||
Na2MnPO4F | [46] | |||||||||
α | Na2FePO4F | monoclinic | P21/c | a = 13.675, b = 5.2503, c = 13.7202, β = 120.230° | [46] | |||||
β | Na2FePO4F | orthorhombic | [46] | |||||||
RbBPO4F | 210.25 | cubic | P213 | a=7.5901 Z=4 | 437.26 | 3.194 | colourless | [43] | ||
MIL-145 | RbGa3(PO4)2(HPO4)F4·C5N2H16·2H2O | 3187.11 | monoclinic | P2 | a=14.4314 b=9.1152 c=16.7889 β = 112.708 Z=1 | 2037.30 | 2.598 | colourless | [47] | |
K2SnPO4F3 | 348.86 | monoclinic | P21/c | a=10.039 b=9.415 c=21.602 beta=95.464 Z=12 | 2032.6 | 3.420 | colourless | [48] | ||
K6Sn(P2O7)2F2 | 739.17 | monoclinic | P21/c | a=8.515 b=12.400 c=8.403 beta=99.58 Z=29 | 874.8 | 2.806 | colourless | [48] | ||
K2Sb(P2O7)F | tetragonal | P4bm | a=8.5239 c=5.572 Z=2 | 404.8 | 3.223 | colourless SHG 4.0×KDP | [49] | |||
CsBPO4F | cubic | P213 | a=7.7090 Z=4 | 458.14 | 3.736 | colourless | [43] | |||
Na2PrF2(PO4) | cubic | [50] | ||||||||
Na2NdF2(PO4) | cubic | [50] | ||||||||
Na2SmF2(PO4) | cubic | [50] | ||||||||
Na2EuF2(PO4) | cubic | [50] | ||||||||
Na2TbF2(PO4) | cubic | [50] | ||||||||
Na2PrF2(PO4) | cubic | [50] | ||||||||
PbZn(PO4)F | 386.53 | orthorhombic | Pna21 | a=8.985 b=9.381 c=4.8212 Z=4 | 406.4 | 6.318 | colourless | [51] |
Aluminium carbonate (Al2(CO3)3), is a carbonate of aluminium. It is not well characterized; one authority says that simple carbonates of aluminium are not known. However related compounds are known, such as the basic sodium aluminium carbonate mineral dawsonite (NaAlCO3(OH)2) and hydrated basic aluminium carbonate minerals scarbroite (Al5(CO3)(OH)13•5(H2O)) and hydroscarbroite (Al14(CO3)3(OH)36•nH2O).
The borate fluorides or fluoroborates are compounds containing borate or complex borate ions along with fluoride ions that form salts with cations such as metals. They are in the broader category of mixed anion compounds. They are not to be confused with tetrafluoroborates (BF4) or the fluorooxoborates which have fluorine bonded to boron.
The borate carbonates are mixed anion compounds containing both borate and carbonate ions. Compared to mixed anion compounds containing halides, these are quite rare. They are hard to make, requiring higher temperatures, which are likely to decompose carbonate to carbon dioxide. The reason for the difficulty of formation is that when entering a crystal lattice, the anions have to be correctly located, and correctly oriented. They are also known as carbonatoborates or borocarbonates. Although these compounds have been termed carboborate, that word also refers to the C=B=C5− anion, or CB11H12− anion. This last anion should be called 1-carba-closo-dodecaborate or monocarba-closo-dodecaborate.
The oxynitrides are a group of inorganic compounds containing oxygen and nitrogen not bound to each other, instead combined with other non-metallic or metallic elements. Some of these are oxosalts with oxygen replaced by nitrogen. Some of these compounds do not have a fixed oxygen to nitrogen ratio, but instead form ceramics with a range of compositions. They are in the class of mixed anion compounds.
The sulfate chlorides are double salts containing both sulfate (SO42–) and chloride (Cl–) anions. They are distinct from the chlorosulfates, which have a chlorine atom attached to the sulfur as the ClSO3− anion.
An oxyhydride is a mixed anion compound containing both oxide O2− and hydride ions H−. These compounds may be unexpected as the hydrogen and oxygen could be expected to react to form water. But if the metals making up the cations are electropositive enough, and the conditions are reducing enough, solid materials can be made that combine hydrogen and oxygen in the negative ion role.
The sulfate carbonates are a compound carbonates, or mixed anion compounds that contain sulfate and carbonate ions. Sulfate carbonate minerals are in the 7.DG and 5.BF Nickel-Strunz groupings.
The iodate fluorides are chemical compounds which contain both iodate and fluoride anions (IO3− and F−). In these compounds fluorine is not bound to iodine as it is in fluoroiodates.
The sulfate fluorides are double salts that contain both sulfate and fluoride anions. They are in the class of mixed anion compounds. Some of these minerals are deposited in fumaroles.
A selenite fluoride is a chemical compound or salt that contains fluoride and selenite anions. These are mixed anion compounds. Some have third anions, including nitrate, molybdate, oxalate, selenate, silicate and tellurate.
The borophosphates are mixed anion compounds containing borate and phosphate anions, which may be joined together by a common oxygen atom. Compounds that contain water or hydroxy groups can also be included in the class of compounds.
Borate sulfates are mixed anion compounds containing separate borate and sulfate anions. They are distinct from the borosulfates where the borate is linked to a sulfate via a common oxygen atom.
Borate sulfides are chemical mixed anion compounds that contain any kind of borate and sulfide ions. They are distinct from thioborates in which sulfur atoms replace oxygen in borates. There are also analogous borate selenides, with selenium ions instead of sulfur.
The borate chlorides are chemical compounds that contain both borate ions and chloride ions. They are mixed anion compounds. Many of them are minerals. Those minerals that crystallise with water (hydrates) may be found in evaporite deposits formed when mineral water has dried out.
The borate bromides are mixed anion compounds that contain borate and bromide anions. They are in the borate halide family of compounds which also includes borate fluorides, borate chlorides, and borate iodides.
The borate iodides are mixed anion compounds that contain both borate and iodide anions. They are in the borate halide family of compounds which also includes borate fluorides, borate chlorides, and borate bromides.
Fluoride nitrates are mixed anion compounds that contain both fluoride ions and nitrate ions. Compounds are known for some amino acids and for some heavy elements. Some transition metal fluorido complexes that are nitrates are also known. There are also fluorido nitrato complex ions known in solution.
Selenide borates, officially known as borate selenides, are chemical mixed anion compounds that contain any kind of borate and selenide ions. They are distinct from selenoborates in which selenium atoms replace oxygen in borates. There are also analogous borate sulfides, with sulfur ions instead of selenium.
Sulfidostannates, or thiostannates are chemical compounds containing anions composed of tin linked with sulfur. They can be considered as stannates with sulfur substituting for oxygen. Related compounds include the thiosilicates, and thiogermanates, and by varying the chalcogen: selenostannates, and tellurostannates. Oxothiostannates have oxygen in addition to sulfur. Thiostannates can be classed as chalcogenidometalates, thiometallates, chalcogenidotetrelates, thiotetrelates, and chalcogenidostannates. Tin is almost always in the +4 oxidation state in thiostannates, although a couple of mixed sulfides in the +2 state are known,
Iodate nitrates are mixed anion compounds that contain both iodate and nitrate anions.