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DESY, short for Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, is a national research centre for fundamental science located in Hamburg and Zeuthen near Berlin in Germany. It operates particle accelerators used to investigate the structure, dynamics and function of matter, and conducts a broad spectrum of interdisciplinary scientific research in four main areas: particle and high energy physics; photon science; astroparticle physics; and the development, construction and operation of particle accelerators. Its name refers to its first project, an electron synchrotron. DESY is publicly financed by the Federal Republic of Germany and the Federal States of Hamburg and Brandenburg and is a member of the Helmholtz Association.
An attosecond is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to 10−18 or 1⁄1 000 000 000 000 000 000 of a second. An attosecond is to a second as a second is to about 31.71 billion years. The attosecond is a newly discovered "slice of time" that is tiny but has various potential applications: it can observe oscillating molecules, the chemical bonds formed by atoms in chemical reactions, and other extremely tiny and extremely fast things.
Attosecond physics, also known as attophysics, or more generally attosecond science, is a branch of physics that deals with light-matter interaction phenomena wherein attosecond photon pulses are used to unravel dynamical processes in matter with unprecedented time resolution.
Ferenc Krausz is a Hungaro-Austrian physicist working in attosecond science. He is a director at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics and a professor of experimental physics at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in Germany. His research team has generated and measured the first attosecond light pulse and used it for capturing electrons' motion inside atoms, marking the birth of attophysics. In 2023, jointly with Pierre Agostini and Anne L'Huillier, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
Margaret Mary Murnane NAS AAA&S is an Irish physicist, who served as a distinguished professor of Physics at the University of Colorado at Boulder, having moved there in 1999, with past positions at the University of Michigan and Washington State University. She is currently Director of the STROBE NSF Science and Technology Center and is among the foremost active researchers in laser science and technology. Her interests and research contributions span topics including atomic, molecular, and optical physics, nanoscience, laser technology, materials and chemical dynamics, plasma physics, and imaging science. Her work has earned her multiple awards including the MacArthur Fellowship award in 2000, the Frederic Ives Medal/Quinn Prize in 2017, the highest award of The Optical Society, and the 2021 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Physics.
The Max Born Medal and Prize is a scientific prize awarded yearly by the German Physical Society (DPG) and the British Institute of Physics (IOP) in memory of the German physicist Max Born, who was a German-Jewish physicist, instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics. It was established in 1972, and first awarded in 1973.
Paul Bruce Corkum is a Canadian physicist specializing in attosecond physics and laser science. He holds a joint University of Ottawa–NRC chair in attosecond photonics. He also holds academic positions at Texas A&M University and the University of New Mexico. Corkum is both a theorist and an experimentalist.
Eleftherios Goulielmakis is a Greek physicist specializing in lasers. He is a professor of physics at the University of Rostock, Germany where he currently leads the research activities of the Extreme Photonics group. Previously, he was the head of the research group "Attoelectronics" at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics in Garching, Germany.
Anne Geneviève L'Huillier is a French physicist, and professor of atomic physics at Lund University in Sweden.
The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging (CUI) is a research facility established in the context of the Universities Excellence Initiative by the German Federal and State Governments. The multidisciplinary and interinstitutional cluster is located at Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, and has been initiated on 1 November 2012. The funding with more than €25 million by the German Research Foundation will run until 31. December 2018. Scientific teams cooperating in the cluster come from the Universität Hamburg, the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), the European XFEL GmbH (XFEL), the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), and the newly founded Max-Planck-Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (MPSD). A full application for a second research period of seven years was handed in at the end of 2017 to the German Research Foundation (DFG) for discussion. After the successful application in 2018, the new cluster “CUI: Advanced Imaging of Matter” started in 2019.
Jochen Küpper FRSC is a German chemist and physicist, group leader at the Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, and Professor of Physics and Professor by courtesy of Chemistry at the University of Hamburg, Germany.
R. J. Dwayne Miller is a Canadian chemist and a professor at the University of Toronto. His focus is in physical chemistry and biophysics. He is most widely known for his work in ultrafast laser science, time-resolved spectroscopy, and the development of new femtosecond electron sources. His research has enabled real-time observation of atomic motions in materials during chemical processes and has shed light on the structure-function correlation that underlies biology.
Jelena Vučković is a Serbian-born American professor and Chair of the Department of Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, and a courtesy faculty member in the Department of Applied Physics at Stanford University. Vučković leads the Nanoscale and Quantum Photonics (NQP) Lab, and is a faculty member of the Ginzton Lab, PULSE Institute, SIMES Institute, and Bio-X at Stanford. She was the inaugural director of the Q-FARM initiative. She is a Member of the National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of The Optical Society, the American Physical Society and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
Susana Marcos Celestino is a Spanish physicist specialising in human vision and applied optics. She was the Director of Optica in 2012.
Saša Bajt is a Slovenian scientist and group leader at the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, where she develops multi-layer mirrors for X-ray applications such as Laue lenses. . She is a regular collaborator of the European XFEL.
Olga Smirnova is a German physicist who is Head of the Strong Field Theory Group at the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy and Professor at the Technical University of Berlin. Her research considers the interaction of strong fields with atoms and molecules.
Nirit Dudovich is an Israeli physicist who is the Robin Chemers Neustein Professorial Chair at the Weizmann Institute of Science. Her work considers strong field light-matter interactions and the generation of attosecond pulses. She was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2016.
Jens Biegert is a German physicist and professor of attosecond physics and ultrafast optics at ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences, adjunct professor at the University of New Mexico, and guest professor at the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society.
Pierre Agostini is a French experimental physicist and Emeritus professor at the Ohio State University, known for his pioneering work in strong-field laser physics and attosecond science. He is especially known for the observation of above-threshold ionization and the invention of the reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBITT) technique for characterization of attosecond light pulses. He was jointly awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Randy Alan Bartels is an American investigator at the Morgridge Institute for Research and a professor of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He has been awarded the Adolph Lomb Medal from the Optical Society of America, a National Science Foundation CAREER award, a Sloan Research Fellowship in physics, an Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award, a Beckman Young Investigator Award, and a Presidential Early Career Award for Science and Engineering (PECASE). In 2020 and 2022, he received support from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative to develop microscope technologies for imaging tissues and cells.
References
- 1 2 3 "Francesca Calegari". www.desy.de. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- 1 2 3 "Francesca Calegari". atto.cfel.de. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- ↑ "Former MPSD Guest Scientist appointed in Hamburg". www.mpsd.mpg.de. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- ↑ "PIER - Partnership for Innovation, Education and Research : PIER News". www.pier-hamburg.de. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- ↑ "Francesca Calegari received the ICO prize of the International Commission for Optics". atto.cfel.de. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- ↑ "OFFICIAL HANDOVER NOW POSSIBLE: FRANCESCA CALEGARI RECEIVED THE ICO PRIZE 2017". www.cfel.de. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- ↑ "Lessons learned by renowned Women in Photonics". www.europeanoptics.org. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- ↑ "Molec prizes". www.molec2022.org. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- ↑ "Francesca Calegari elected 2020 Fellow of the Optical Society". photon-science.desy.de. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
- ↑ "Francesca Calegari | Awards & Honors | Optica". www.optica.org. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
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