Massachusetts General Hospital New England Donor Services
Francis L. Delmonico, MD, FACS (born in New York in 1945) is a retired American surgeon, clinical professor and health expert in the field of transplantation.[1] He served on numerous national and international committees regarding donation and transplant and is affiliated with various leading organizations and institutions. In addition to his work as a transplant surgeon, he served as chief medical officer of the New England Donor Services (NEDS) and Professor of Surgery, Part-Time at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts, where he is emeritus director of renal transplantation.[1] He is the author or co-author on over 300 academic papers.[2] He served as president of The Transplantation Society (TTS) from 2012 to 2014, an international non-profit organization based in Montreal, Canada that works with international transplantation physicians and researchers.[1] He also served as the president of the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) in 2005[3] which overseas the practice of organ donation and transplantation in the United States. He was appointed and still serves as an advisor to the World Health Organization in matters of organ donation and transplantation.[4] He was appointed by Pope Francis to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences in 2016.[5] In 2020, he became the recipient of the Medawar Prize of The Transplantation Society.[6]
Education
Delmonico received a Bachelor of Science degree in biology at Mount Saint Mary's College in 1966[7] and a Doctor of Medicine degree from George Washington University in 1971.[4] His initial general surgical training was under the direction of pioneer transplant surgeon Dr. David Hume at the Medical College of Virginia. In 1974, Delmonico interrupted his general surgical training to complete a two-year Clinical and Research Fellowship in Transplantation at the Massachusetts General Hospital. He then returned to the Medical College of Virginia to continue his general surgical residency training, which he completed in 1978 as chief resident in surgery.[8]
Career
After serving for two years in the United States Navy as a staff surgeon at Walter Reed Medical Center, an assistant professor of surgery at the Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, and as ship's surgeon on the USS Independence, Delmonico was recruited to the Massachusetts General Hospital in 1980 as a member of the transplantation unit of the department of surgery. He was promoted to visiting surgeon in 1997 and to professor of surgery at the Harvard Medical School in 2000. From 1990 until 2004 he was the director of the Renal Transplantation Service at the Massachusetts General Hospital.[9] Throughout his time at Mass General, he has devoted much of his research efforts to clinical investigation. In the early part of his career, he focused upon the management of recipient immunosuppression and more recently upon the clinical parameters that define the suitable organ donor.
In 1995, Delmonico was appointed medical director of the New England Organ Bank, now New England Donor Services.[1] Under his direction, NEDS has undertaken several research projects, most notably an outcome study of organs transplanted from deceased donors who were bacteremic at the time of their death. This study removed a heretofore absolute contraindication to organ donation, thereby expanding the organ donor pool for selected allograft recipients.[10] Another focus of Delmonico's organ donor interest has been the concept of death. He has been responsible for the development of the Donation after Cardiac Death initiative in transplant centers within the NEDS service area. He was awarded a Department of Health and Human Services Grant as the principal investigator of a project to study the acceptance of kidneys recovered from deceased expanded criteria donors[11] and has served as the medical advisor to the Association of Organ Procurement Organizations.
Delmonico has served on the board of trustees and numerous committees of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) and as its President.[3] UNOS is the contractor for the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network (OPTN), the federally designated organization that oversees the practice of transplantation in the United States.
His contributions to The Transplantation Society (TTS) have been long-standing. As chairman of TTS's ethics committee, he convened an international forum on the live kidney donor in Amsterdam, Netherlands, in April 2004, and on the liver lung, liver, intestine and pancreas donor in Vancouver, Canada, in September 2005, with participation of over 100 physicians and surgeons from 44 countries around the world. Furthermore, he served as TTS's director of medical affairs from 2006 to 2010 and president from 2012 to 2014.[12] In 2020, he received the Society's highest distinction in being awarded the Medawar Prize for his lifetime contribution to the field of transplantation.[13]
He works closely with the World Health Organization who made him a WHO consultant on matter of human organ donation and transplantation. In 2008, he was responsible for convening the Istanbul Summit from which the Declaration of Istanbul on Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism was derived.[14] He became executive director the Declaration of Istanbul Custodian Group in 2015.[15]
Writings
He has authored or co-authored more than 300 publications, either as original articles, reviews, commentaries or book chapters. His original writings have been published in the New England Journal of Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The New York Times. He has appeared on numerous television and radio programs, including Nightline, Good Morning America, CBS Sunday Morning[3] and NPR news. Other educational achievements include his work as associate editor of the American Journal of Transplantation and his reviews for many medical journals such as the Journal of the American Medical Association, the Journal of the American Association of Nephrology, and Surgery. He is a member of the editorial board of Transplantation, Kidney International and Clinical Transplantation.
2020: Medawar Prize, The Transplantation Society[13]
Select publications
Delmonico, F.L. and Snydman, D.R. Organ donor screening for infectious diseases: review of practice and implications for transplantation. Transplantation. 1998: 65: 603‑610.[17]
Delmonico, F.L., Harmon, W.E., Lorber, M.I., Goguen, J., Mah, H., Himmelfarb, J., Lipkowitz, G., Valliere, S., Bow, L., Milford, E.L., and Rohrer, R.J. A new allocation plan for renal transplantation. Transplantation. 1999; 67:303-309.[18]
Freeman, R.B., Giatras, I., Falagas, M.E., Supran, S., O’Connor, K., Bradley, J., Snydman, D.R., and Delmonico, F.L. Outcome of transplantation of organs procured from bacteremic donors. Transplantation. 1999; 68:1107-1111.[19]
Delmonico, F.L., Arnold, R., Scheper-Hughes, N., Siminoff, L.A., Kahn, J, and Youngner, S.J.Ethical incentives—not payment for organ donation. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346:2002-5.[20]
Rosengard, B.R., Feng, S., Alfrey, E.J., Zaroff, J.G., Emond, J.C., Henry, M.L., Garrity, E.R., Roberts, J.P., Wynn, J.J., Metzger, R.A., Freeman, R.B., Port, F.K., Merion, R.M., Love, R.B., Busuttil, R.W. and Delmonico, F.L. Report of the Crystal City meeting to maximize the use of organs recovered from the cadaver donor. Am J Transplant. 2002; 2:701-711.[21]
Metzger RA, Delmonico FL, Feng S, Port FK, Wynn JJ, Merion RM. Expanded criteria donors for kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2003;3 Suppl 4:114-25.[11]
Delmonico, F. L., Morrissey, P., Lipkowitz, G., Stoff, J., Himmelfarb, J., Harmon, W., Mah, H., Goguen, J., Luskin, R., Milford, E., Basadonna, G., Chobanian, M., Bouthot, B., Lorber, M.., and Rohrer, R. Donor kidney exchanges. Am J Transplant. 2004: 4. 1628-1634.[22]
Delmonico, F.L. Exchanging kidneys – Advances in living donor transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2004; 350 (18): 1812-1814.[23]
Takemoto, S., Zeevi, A., Feng, S., Colvin, R., Jordan , S., Kobashigawa, J., Kupiec-Weglinski, J. Matas, A., Montgomery, R., Nickerson, P., Platt, J., Rabb, H., Thistlethwaite, R., Tyan, D., and Delmonico, F.L. National Conference antibody mediated rejection in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2004; 4: 1033-1041.[24]
A Report of the Amsterdam Forum on the Care of the Live Kidney Donor: Data and Medical Guidelines. Transplantation. 2005 Mar 27;79(6):S53-S66[25]
Bernat, J.L., D'Alessandro, A.M., Port, F.K., Bleck, T.P., Heard, S.O., Medina, J., Rosenbaum, S.DeVita, M.A., Gaston, R.S., Merion, R.M., Barr, M.L., Marks, W.H., Nathan, H., O'Connor, K., Rudow, D.L., Leicthman, A.B., Schwab, P., Ascher, N.L., Metzger, R.A., McBride, V., Graham, W., Wagner, D., Warren, J., Delmonico, FL. Report of a National Conference on Donation after Cardiac Death. Am J Transplant. 2006 Feb;6(2):281-91.[26]
Delmonico FL and Dew MA. Living donor kidney transplantation in a global environment. Kidney Int. 2007 7:608-14.[27]
Dew MA, Jacobs CL, Jowsey SG, Hanto R, Miller C, Delmonico FL. Guidelines for the psychosocial evaluation of living unrelated kidney donors in the United States. Am J Transplant. 2007 5:1047-54.[28]
Schulz-Baldes A, Delmonico FL. Improving institutional fairness to live kidney donors: donor needs must be addressed by safeguarding donation risks and compensating donation costs. Transpl Int. 2007 11:940-6.[29]
DuBois JM, Delmonico FL, D'Alessandro AM. When organ donors are still patients: is premortem use of heparin ethically acceptable? Am J Crit Care. 2007 4:396-400.[30]
Saidi RF, Elias N, Kawai T, Hertl M, Farrell ML, Goes N, Wong W, Hartono C, Fishman JA, Kotton CN, Tolkoff-Rubin N, Delmonico FL, Cosimi AB, and Ko DS.[31]
Outcome of kidney transplantation using expanded criteria donors and donation after cardiac death kidneys: realities and costs. Am J Transplant. 2007 12:2769-74.[32]
Sung RS, Christensen LL, Leichtman AB, Greenstein SM, Distant DA, Wynn JJ, Stegall MD, Delmonico FL, Port FK. Determinants of discard of expanded criteria donor kidneys: impact of biopsy and machine perfusion. Am J Transplant. 2008 8(4):783-92.[33]
Tsoulfas G, Hertl M, Ko DS, Elias N, Delmonico FL, Romano L, Fernandes I, Schoenfeld D, Kawai T. Long-term Outcome of a Cuffed Expanded PTFE Graft for Hemodialysis Vascular Access. World J Surg. 2008 32(8):1827-31[34]
Saidi RF, Wertheim JA, Ko DS, Elias N, Martin H, Delmonico FL, Cosimi AB, Kawai T. Impact of donor kidney recovery method on lymphatic complications in kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2008 40(4):1054–1055.[35]
Delmonico FL. The Development of the Declaration of Istanbul on Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2008(23): 3381–3382.[36]
Gritsch HA, Veale JL, Leichtman AB, Guidinger MK, Magee JC, McDonald RA, Harmon WE, Delmonico FL, Ettenger RB, Cecka JM. Should pediatric patients wait for HLA-DR-matched renal transplants? Am J Transplant. 2008 8(10):2056-61.[37]
Delmonico FL, McBride MA. Analysis of the wait list and deaths among candidates waiting for a kidney transplant. Transplantation. 2008 86(12):1678-83.[38]
Hanto RL, Reitsma W, Delmonico FL. The development of a successful multiregional kidney paired donation program. Transplantation. 2008 86(12):1744–1748[39]
Tilney N, Murray J, Thistlethwaite R, Norman D, Delmonico F, Hanto D, Leichtman A, Danovitch G, Sayegh M, Shapiro R, Harmon W, Salvatierra O, Brennan D, McDiarmid S, Stock P, Pomfret L, Bennett W, Conti D, Metzger B, Sarwal M, Cosimi AB. Promotion of altruistic donation. Transplantation. 2009 Sep 27;88(6):847.[40]
Humar, A., Morris, M., Blumberg, E., Freeman, R., Preikaitis, J. Kiberd, B., Schweitzer, E., Ganz, S., Caliendo, A., Orlowski, J.P., Wilson, B., Kotton, C., Michaels, M., Kleinman, S., Greier, S., Murphy, B., Green, M., Levi, M., Knoll, G., Segev, D., Brubaker, S., Hasz, R., Lebovitz, D.J., Mulligan, D., O'Connor, K., Pruett, T., Mozes, M., Lee, I., Delmonico, F.L., Fischer, S. Nucleic acid testing (NAT) or organ donors: is the 'best' test the right test? A consensus conference report. Am. J. Transplant. 2010 Apr;10(4):889-99. Epub 2010 Jan 29. Review.[41]
A welcomed new national policy in China. Delmonico FL. Transplantation. 2013 Jul 15;96(1):3-4.[42]
A needed Convention against trafficking in human organs. López-Fraga M, Domínguez-Gil B, Capron AM, Van Assche K, Martin D, Cozzi E, Delmonico FL Lancet. 2014 Jun 28;383(9936):2187-9.[43]
Organ markets: problems beyond harms to vendors. Capron AM, Danovitch GM, Delmonico FL. Am J Bioeth. 2014;14(10):23-5[43]
Regional perspective: developing organ transplantation in sub-saharan Africa. Muller E, White S, Delmonico F. Transplantation. 2014 May 27;97(10):975-6[44]
The Doha Donation Accord aligned with the Declaration of Istanbul: implementations to develop deceased organ donation and combat commercialism. Alkuwari H, Fadhil R, Almaslamani Y, Alansari A, Almalki H, Khalaf H, Ali O. Transplantation. 2014 Jan 15;97(1):3-4.[45]
Organ donation and transplantation in Central America. Garcia-Gallont R, Matesanz R, Delmonico FL. Transplantation. 2015 Mar;99(3):459-60.[46]
↑Freeman, R. B.; Giatras, I.; Falagas, M. E.; Supran, S.; O'Connor, K.; Bradley, J.; Snydman, D. R.; Delmonico, F. L. (1999-10-27). "Outcome of transplantation of organs procured from bacteremic donors". Transplantation. 68 (8): 1107–1111. doi:10.1097/00007890-199910270-00008. ISSN0041-1337. PMID10551637.
↑Delmonico, Francis; Council of the Transplantation Society (2005-03-27). "A Report of the Amsterdam Forum On the Care of the Live Kidney Donor: Data and Medical Guidelines". Transplantation. 79 (6 Suppl): S53–66. doi:10.1097/01.TP.0000157343.27949.9F. ISSN0041-1337. PMID15785361.
↑DuBois, James M.; Delmonico, Francis L.; D'Alessandro, Anthony M. (2007). "When organ donors are still patients: is premortem use of heparin ethically acceptable?". American Journal of Critical Care. 16 (4): 396–400. doi:10.4037/ajcc2007.16.4.396. ISSN1062-3264. PMID17595373.
↑Sung, R. S.; Christensen, L. L.; Leichtman, A. B.; Greenstein, S. M.; Distant, D. A.; Wynn, J. J.; Stegall, M. D.; Delmonico, F. L.; Port, F. K. (2008). "Determinants of discard of expanded criteria donor kidneys: impact of biopsy and machine perfusion". American Journal of Transplantation. 8 (4): 783–792. doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02157.x. hdl:2027.42/73820. ISSN1600-6143. PMID18294347.
↑Tsoulfas, George; Hertl, Martin; Ko, Dicken S. C.; Elias, Nahel; Delmonico, Francis L.; Romano, Linda; Fernandes, Isabel; Schoenfeld, David; Kawai, Tatsuo (2008). "Long-term outcome of a cuffed expanded PTFE graft for hemodialysis vascular access". World Journal of Surgery. 32 (8): 1827–1831. doi:10.1007/s00268-008-9514-z. ISSN0364-2313. PMID18343971.
↑Saidi, R. F.; Wertheim, J. A.; Ko, D. S. C.; Elias, N.; Martin, H.; Delmonico, F. L.; Cosimi, A. B.; Kawai, T. (2008). "Impact of donor kidney recovery method on lymphatic complications in kidney transplantation". Transplantation Proceedings. 40 (4): 1054–1055. doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.04.007. ISSN0041-1345. PMID18555113.
↑Delmonico, Francis L. (2008). "The development of the Declaration of Istanbul on Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism". Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation. 23 (11): 3381–3382. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfn552. ISSN1460-2385. PMID18922862.
↑Gritsch, H. A.; Veale, J. L.; Leichtman, A. B.; Guidinger, M. K.; Magee, J. C.; McDonald, R. A.; Harmon, W. E.; Delmonico, F. L.; Ettenger, R. B.; Cecka, J. M. (2008). "Should pediatric patients wait for HLA-DR-matched renal transplants?". American Journal of Transplantation. 8 (10): 2056–2061. doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02320.x. hdl:2027.42/74900. ISSN1600-6143. PMID18839440.
↑Delmonico, Francis L.; McBride, Maureen A. (2008-12-27). "Analysis of the wait list and deaths among candidates waiting for a kidney transplant". Transplantation. 86 (12): 1678–1683. doi:10.1097/TP.0b013e31818fe694. ISSN1534-6080. PMID19104404.
↑Hanto, Ruthanne L.; Reitsma, William; Delmonico, Francis L. (2008-12-27). "The development of a successful multiregional kidney paired donation program". Transplantation. 86 (12): 1744–1748. doi:10.1097/TP.0b013e3181909035. ISSN1534-6080. PMID19104415.
↑Humar, A.; Morris, M.; Blumberg, E.; Freeman, R.; Preiksaitis, J.; Kiberd, B.; Schweitzer, E.; Ganz, S.; Caliendo, A.; Orlowski, J. P.; Wilson, B.; Kotton, C.; Michaels, M.; Kleinman, S.; Geier, S. (2010). "Nucleic acid testing (NAT) of organ donors: is the 'best' test the right test? A consensus conference report". American Journal of Transplantation. 10 (4): 889–899. doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02992.x. ISSN1600-6143. PMID20121734.
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