Juan de Zumárraga,OFM was a Spanish Basque Franciscan prelate and the first Bishop of Mexico. He was also the region's first inquisitor. He wrote Doctrina breve,the first book published in the Western Hemisphere by a European,printed in Mexico City in 1539.
Antonio de Mendoza was a Spanish colonial administrator who was the first viceroy of New Spain,serving from 14 November 1535 to 25 November 1550,and the second viceroy of Peru,from 23 September 1551,until his death on 21 July 1552.
A Real Audience,or simply an Audience,was an appellate court in Spain and its empire. The name of the institution literally translates as Royal Audience. The additional designation chancillería was applied to the appellate courts in early modern Spain. Each audiencia had oidores.
Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán was a Spanish conquistador and colonial administrator in New Spain. He was the governor of the province of Pánuco from 1525 to 1533 and of Nueva Galicia from 1529 to 1534,and president of the first Royal Audiencia of Mexico –the high court that governed New Spain –from 1528 to 1530. He founded several cities in Northwestern Mexico,including Guadalajara.
Luis de Velasco y Ruiz de Alarcón was the second viceroy of New Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the mid-sixteenth century.
Gastón Carrillo de Peralta y Bosquete,3rd Marquess of Falces (1510–1587) was a Spanish nobleman who was the third viceroy of the Viceroyalty of New Spain from October 16,1566 to March 10,1568.
Vasco de Quiroga was the first bishop of Michoacán,Mexico,and one of the judges (oidores) in the second Real Audiencia of Mexico –the high court that governed New Spain –from January 10,1531,to April 16,1535.
Sebastián Ramírez de Fuenleal was bishop of Santo Domingo and president of the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo from 1528 to 1531. He was also president of the second Real Audiencia of Mexico from January 10,1531,to April 16,1535. Later he was a member of the Council of the Indies.
Alonso Muñoz was a high-ranking administrator in Spain and,from November 1567 to about July 1568,royal commissioner with Luis Carrillo for the inspection of the government of New Spain for King Philip II.
Diego Delgadillo was a judge of the first Real Audiencia of Mexico,which took control of the governance of New Spain from the conquistadors from December 9,1528 to January 9,1531.
Juan Ortiz de Matienzo was a Spanish colonial judge and an original member of the first Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo,in 1512. From December 9,1528 until January 9,1531,he was a member of the first Real Audiencia of Mexico,which took over the governance of New Spain from the conquistadors.
Juan de Salmerón was a Spanish colonial official New Spain,and an oidor (judge) of the second Real Audiencia of Mexico,which governed the colony from January 10,1531 until April 16,1534. On the latter date,the government was turned over to Antonio de Mendoza,the first Viceroy of New Spain. Along with Fray Toribio de Benavente Motolinia he built the first European settlement at Puebla,Puebla.
Alonso de Maldonado Diez de Ledesma,was a Spanish lawyer and a member of the second Real Audiencia of Mexico,which governed New Spain from January 10,1531 to April 16,1535. He was also president of the first Real Audiencia of Guatemala,and in that capacity interim governor of Guatemala from 1536 to September 15,1539. He was governor of Guatemala a second time,from 1542 to 1548.
Luis Carrillo was,from November 1567 to about July 1568,royal commissioner with Alonso Muñoz for the inspection of the viceregal government of New Spain for King Philip II.
Francisco Antonio de Echávarri was a Spanish colonial official in New Spain. He was president of the Audiencia of Mexico City in 1760 when Viceroy Agustín de Ahumada died in office. In that capacity,Echávarri served as acting viceroy until the arrival of Francisco Cajigal de la Vega,Ahumada's successor. He served from February 5,1760 to April 28,1760.
The Real Audiencia of Manila was the Real Audiencia of the Spanish East Indies,which included modern-day Guam,the Northern Mariana Islands,Palau,Micronesia and the Philippines. Similar to Real Audiencias throughout the Spanish Empire,it was the highest tribunal within the territories of the Captaincy General of the Philippines,a dependency of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
An oidor was a judge of the Royal Audiencias and Chancillerías,originally courts of Kingdom of Castile,which became the highest organs of justice within the Spanish Empire. The term comes from the verb oír,"to hear," referring to the judge's obligation to listen to the parts of a judicial process,particularly during the phase of pleas.
The Royal Audience and Chancery of Panama in Tierra Firme was a governing body and superior court in the New World empire of Spain. The Audiencia of Panama was the third American audiencia after the ones of Santo Domingo and Mexico. It existed three times under various guises since it first creation in 1538 until its ultimate abolition in 1751.
