Frederic N. Smalkin | |
---|---|
Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland | |
In office January 8, 2003 –September 1, 2011 | |
Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland | |
In office 2001–2003 | |
Preceded by | J. Frederick Motz |
Succeeded by | Benson Everett Legg |
Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland | |
In office September 26,1986 –January 8,2003 | |
Appointed by | Ronald Reagan |
Preceded by | James Rogers Miller Jr. |
Succeeded by | Richard D. Bennett |
Personal details | |
Born | Frederic N. Smalkin May 21,1946 Baltimore,Maryland |
Education | Johns Hopkins University (B.A.) University of London (LL.M.) University of Maryland School of Law (J.D.) |
Frederic N. Smalkin (born May 21,1946) is a retired United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland [1] and is currently a professor at the University of Baltimore School of Law,where he was awarded the James A. May award for excellence in teaching and mentoring. [2]
Smalkin currently serves as the chair of the Maryland Environmental Service Board of Directors. He also has served as chairman of the Maryland Governor's Emergency Management Advisory Council and the Maryland Commission on Law Enforcement Body-Worn Cameras. He has served in the grade of brigadier general in,and has been the commanding general of,the Maryland Defense Force, [1] as well as having served as a lieutenant colonel in the Civil Air Patrol,the U.S. Air Force Auxiliary. [1] He was also a captain in the Regular United States Army. [1]
Smalkin was born in Baltimore,Maryland. [1] His father was an attorney in Baltimore County,serving as President of the local Bar Association and as one of the first Judges of the People's Court for Baltimore County,before his death in 1958. Smalkin graduated from McDonogh School and received a Bachelor of Arts degree from The Johns Hopkins University, Phi Beta Kappa . He graduated from the University of Maryland School of Law,earning his Juris Doctor and was made a member of the Order of the Coif,having graduated first of his class. [2] [3]
Smalkin went to college and law school on a set of Army ROTC scholarships. He served as an officer in the United States Army (Regular Army) from 1968 until his honorable discharge,in 1976,earning the Meritorious Service Medal with an Oak Leaf Cluster and achieving the rank of captain. [1] Smalkin served in the Ordnance Corps with a detail to the Judge Advocate General's Corps,first in the Office of the Judge Advocate General and later as Assistant to the General Counsel of the Army,when he was appointed Recorder of the Army Contract Adjustment Board. [4] He later became a rated pilot and Lieutenant Colonel in the Civil Air Patrol and was awarded its Distinguished Service Medal. He was commissioned in the Maryland Military Department and later promoted to Brigadier General and appointed by the Governor as commander of the Maryland Defense Force (State Guard). Upon relinquishing command of the Defense Force,he was awarded the State of Maryland Distinguished Service Cross.
Smalkin began his career in public service as law clerk to then Chief Judge Edward Skottowe Northrop of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. [2] He was subsequently admitted to the Maryland Bar,having reportedly achieved that year's highest score on the Maryland bar exam.[ citation needed ] He practiced law in Monkton,Maryland briefly in 1976,before entering Federal judicial service. He has been a lecturer at the University of Maryland Law School in Baltimore since 1978.
Smalkin served as a United States Magistrate in the District of Maryland from 1976 to 1986. He was nominated by President Ronald Reagan on August 15,1986,to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Maryland vacated by Judge James Rogers Miller Jr. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 25,1986,and received commission on September 26,1986. He served as Chief Judge from October 20,2001 to January 6,2003 due to a certified disability. He assumed senior status on January 8,2003. He fully retired on September 1,2011. [1] [3]
Smalkin is now a mediator and arbitrator with the dispute resolution firm JAMS (alternative dispute resolution),still active as of March 2018. [5] [6]
Two controversial cases stand out from the many that Judge Smalkin heard during his thirty years on the bench. First was his 1987 decision which overturned the conviction of Marvin Mandel,who succeeded Spiro Agnew as Governor of Maryland,for mail fraud and racketeering. Smalkin applied a Supreme Court decision—handed down after Mandel's conviction—which held that the mail fraud statute under which Mandel was convicted did not apply to cases of government corruption. United States v. Mandel,672 F.Supp. 864 (D.Md. 1987).
The second,and perhaps more notorious,case was Sons of Confederate Veterans,Inc. v. Glendening,in which Judge Smalkin held that the Maryland Department of Motor Vehicles could not deny the local Sons of Confederate Veterans a "vanity" license plate bearing a confederate flag,because to do so would infringe their right to free speech,in violation of the First Amendment. Sons of Confederate Veterans v. Glendening, 954 F.Supp. 1099 (D.Md. 1997). In a later case (in 2015),the Supreme Court decided that the purchasers of license plates cannot assert free speech rights with regard to their content.
The governor of the State of Maryland is the head of government of Maryland,and is the commander-in-chief of the state's National Guard units. The governor is the highest-ranking official in the state and has a broad range of appointive powers in both the state and local governments,as specified by the Maryland Constitution. Because of the extent of these constitutional powers,the governor of Maryland has been ranked as being among the most powerful governors in the United States.
Marvin Mandel was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 56th Governor of Maryland from January 7,1969,to January 17,1979,including a one-and-a-half-year period when Lt. Governor Blair Lee III served as the state's acting Governor in Mandel's place from June 1977 to January 15,1979. He was a member of the Democratic Party,as well as Maryland's first,and to date,only Jewish governor.
Simon Ernest Sobeloff was an American attorney and jurist,who served as Solicitor General of the United States,as Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals of Maryland,and as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
William Purington Cole Jr. was an American jurist and politician. From 1927 to 1929 and from 1931 to 1942,Cole was a United States representative who represented the second district of Maryland. He later served as a judge of the United States Customs Court and as an associate judge of the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals.
Alexander "Aleck" Boarman was a United States representative from Louisiana and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana. Previously,he served in the Confederate States Army and as Mayor of Shreveport,Louisiana.
Peter Brunswick Krauser is an American jurist who served as the chief judge of the Maryland Court of Special Appeals. Prior to his appointment to the court,he was the chair of the Maryland Democratic Party.
James William Denny was a U.S. representative from Maryland.
James Hughes was a United States representative from Indiana and a judge of the Court of Claims.
John R. Hargrove Sr. was the first African American to be appointed Assistant United States Attorney for the District of Maryland and was later appointed by President Ronald Reagan to be a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.
Robert A. Zarnoch is an American lawyer and jurist. Since February 2008 he has been a judge of the Maryland Court of Special Appeals,Maryland's Intermediate Appellate Court.
Richard D. Bennett is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.
Samuel Jameson Gholson was a United States representative from Mississippi,a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi and the United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi and a General in the Confederate States Army.
Alexander Harvey II was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.
Frank Albert Kaufman was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.
James Rogers Miller Jr. was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.
Joseph Wilson Morris was an American attorney,arbitrator and United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma. He was a partner in the Tulsa,Oklahoma law firm of Gable Gotwals.
Harrison Lee Winter was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and previously was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.
Paul William Grimm is a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.
Stephen Howard Sachs was an American lawyer and politician in the state of Maryland. He served as the Attorney General of Maryland from 1979 to 1987. He was noted for prosecuting the Catonsville Nine in 1968.
Victor Eugene Bianchini is a retired State of California Superior Court Judge and a retired,U.S. magistrate judge,with service in the Southern District of California,the Central District of California,the Western District of New York,the Northern District of New York,and the Eastern District of Washington. Bianchini served as a judge,for both the state and federal courts continuously for over 48 years,during which period he was honored numerous times. Bianchini now practices as a full-time private neutral mediator and arbitrator. Bianchini is a decorated United States Marine Corps colonel with 31 years of service,active and reserve. Bianchini is also an American sabre fencer and is a two-time World Team champion and a World Team silver and bronze medalist,a former 2012 individual U.S. National Champion,most recently won the Sabre individual National Championships for 2021 and 2022,and is a four-time North American Cup champion in Veteran competition. He has qualified for nine Veterans World Championships,and has finished sixth,seventh,and tenth twice,in individual competition. He was also a bronze medalist in the 2013 Maccabiah Games in Jerusalem in the 40's age division,and a bronze and silver medalist in the 2022 Maccabiah Games in Tel Aviv in the 35's age division.