French privateer Vengeur

Last updated July 22, 2023

Numerous French privateers have borne the name Vengeur ("Avenger"):

French Revolutionary Wars

Vengeur was a French privateer of 12 guns that HMS Blanche captured on 1 October 1793.
Vengeur was a French privateer that HMS Rose captured in the West Indies on 22 February 1794.^[1]
Vengeur was a privateer commissioned at Île de France circa September 1793 under Captain Corosin (or Carosin) with 250 men and thirty-four 8&6-pounder guns. The East Indiaman Britannia and country ship Nonsuch captured her on 22 January 1794 during the Sunda Strait campaign of January 1794. She had sustained 37 killed and wounded.^[2] By one report, the Dutch at Batavia purchased Vengeur and would send her in July to Mauritius as a cartel with the French prisoners.^[3]
Vengeur, French privateer cutter of 18 guns and 130 men. Lloyd's List reported on 22 September 1795 that Vengeur had captured several British merchant vessels.^[4]
Vengeur, privateer of 18 guns and 110 men, that HMS Santa Margarita captured on 27 October 1796.
Voltiguer was a French privateer schooner, formally the lugger Venguer. HMS Vestal captured her on 14 April 1797 off Flamborough Head and took her into the Humber.
Vengeur des Francois was a French privateer of four guns and 35 men, belonging to Guadeloupe, that HMS Zephyr captured off Dominica on 18 June 1797.^[5]
Vengeur was a new privateer schooner of 12 guns and 72 men that HMS Indefatigable, Cambrian, and Childers captured on 11 January 1798.
Vengeur was a French letter of marque of six guns and 36 men that HMS Amaranthe captured on 13 April 1799 after a fierce and sanguinary engagement.^[6]
Vengeur was a French privateer cutter of 14 guns and 105 men that HMS Martin captured on 28 April 1799. She was a 50-ton (French; "of load") cutter commissioned at Dunkirk in October 1795 under Joseph-Jean Allemès. She was under his command until July 1796 when Captain Margollé replaced him. Allemès resumed command in 1797, and under his command she captured numerous British vessels. Later that year Francois Sauvage-Cornu took command. In 1799 Benjamin-Richard Carny took command; at that time she had a crew of 58 men and carried 14 guns. Lastly, Charles Louis Tack replaced Carny. He sailed with 98 to 105 men and 12 to 14 guns.^[7]
Vengeur was a French schooner (the former HMS Charlotte), of eight guns and 80 men, that HMS Solebay recaptured on 24 November 1799.
Vengeur was a French privateer brig of six long 4-pounders and ten 18-pounder carronades, and a crew of 102 men that Indefatigable captured on 12 June 1800.^[8]Indefatigable shared the prize money with Sirius (1797).^[9]
Vengeur was a French privateer lugger of two large swivel guns and 17 men that the hired armed cutter Swan captured on 1 March 1801.^[10]
Vengeur was a privateer that HMS Mermaid captured on 11 January 1800.

Napoleonic Wars

Vengeur was a privateer lugger of 14 guns and 56 men that HMS Cruizer captured on 13 November 1806.
Vengeur was a felucca-rigged privateer of one gun and some 50 men that the boats of HMS Success captured on 20 November 1805; Vengeur sank as she was being towed.^[11]
Vengeur was a privateer of 16 guns and 48 men that HMS Beagle captured on 24 January 1809. She had been the schooner HMS Tobago, which the French had captured in 1806.^[12]
Vengeur was a lugger privateer that HMS Revenge captured on 17 October 1810.^[13]

Citations

↑ "No. 14067". The London Gazette . 21 November 1797. p. 1114.
↑ Demerliac (1999), p. 309, N°2904.
↑ Houghton, Roger. "A Peoples' History 1793 – 1844 from the newspapers" . Retrieved 6 July 2018.
↑ Lloyd's List, no,2753, - accessed 3 March 2015.
↑ "No. 14033". The London Gazette . 1 August 1797. p. 732.
↑ Naval Chronicle, Vol. 1, pp.245-6.
↑ Demerliac (1999), p. 215, №1691.
↑ "No. 15271". The London Gazette . 28 June 1800. p. 749.
↑ "No. 15334". The London Gazette . 3 February 1801. p. 151.
↑ "No. 15342". The London Gazette . 3 March 1801. p. 254.
↑ "No. 15998". The London Gazette . 7 February 1807. p. 157.
↑ "NMM, vessel ID 377475" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol x. National Maritime Museum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
↑ "No. 16487". The London Gazette . 21 May 1811. p. 943.

Related Research Articles

HMS Indefatigable was one of the Ardent-class 64-gun third-rate ships-of-the-line designed by Sir Thomas Slade in 1761 for the Royal Navy. She was built as a ship-of-the-line, but most of her active service took place after her conversion to a 44-gun razee frigate. She had a long career under several distinguished commanders, serving throughout the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. She took some 27 prizes, alone or in company, and the Admiralty authorised the issue of four clasps to the Naval General Service Medal in 1847 to any surviving members of her crews from the respective actions. She was broken up in 1816.

HMS Sirius was a 36-gun fifth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. Between 1797 and 1805, the Sirius was engaged in maintaining the blockade of Napoleonic Europe. She was lost in 1810 when her crew scuttled her after she grounded during the Battle of Grand Port.

Jean Bart may refer to one of the following ships of the French Navy or privateers named in honour of Jean Bart, a French naval commander and privateer.

Révolutionnaire, was a 40-gun Seine-class frigate of the French Navy, launched in May 1794. The British captured her in October 1794 and she went on to serve with the Royal Navy until she was broken up in 1822. During this service Revolutionnaire took part in numerous actions, including three for which the Admiralty would in 1847 award clasps to the Naval General Service Medal, and captured several privateers and merchant vessels.

HMS Martin was a 16-gun sloop of the Royal Navy. She served at the Battle of Camperdown in 1797 and captured two privateers before she disappeared in 1800.

HMS Atalante was a 16-gun brig-sloop of the Royal Navy. She was formerly the French Atalante, captured in 1797. She served with the British during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, and was wrecked in 1807.

His Majesty's Hired armed lugger Duke of York served the Royal Navy from 14 October 1794 to 2 January 1799 when she foundered in the North Sea. She was of 5744⁄94 tons (bm) and was armed with eight 4-pounder guns.

During the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, British vessels captured at least 12 French warships and privateers named Espoir, which means “Hope” in French. In only one case was there mention of an exchange of fire or casualties. In general, the privateers tried to escape, and failing that surrendered.

HMS Dolphin was 10-gun cutter that served the Royal Navy from 1793 to 1802, first as a hired armed cutter, and then after the Navy purchased her, as HMS Dolphin. During her almost decade of service Dolphin patrolled the English Channel protecting British trade by capturing French privateers and recapturing their prizes.

HMS Avenger was a 16-gun ship-sloop of the British Royal Navy. Previously she was the French privateer Marseillaise and then naval corvette Vengeur, which the British Army captured during the battle for Martinique in 1794. The Admiralty sold her in 1802.

HMS Resolution was a cutter that the Royal Navy purchased in 1779. She captured two French privateers in 1781 and a Dutch privateer in 1783 after a single ship action. Resolution captured one more small French privateer in June 1797; later that month Resolution went missing in the North Sea, presumed to have foundered.

Numerous French naval vessels have borne the name Résolue, the French for "Resolute", as have several privateers.

Seven ships of the French Navy have borne the name Sans-Culotte in honour of the Sans-culottes:

His Majesty's hired armed schooner Lady Charlotte served the British Royal Navy on contract between 28 October 1799 and 28 October 1801. She had a burthen of 120 85⁄94 tons (bm), and was armed with twelve 12-pounder carronades. As a hired armed vessel she captured several privateers and recaptured a number of British merchant vessels. After her service with the Royal Navy, she apparently sailed as a letter of marque until the French captured her in 1806.

HMS Swallow was an 18-gun Albatross-class brig-sloop of the British Royal Navy, launched in 1795 and sold in 1802. During her naval career she captured a number of French privateers while on the Jamaica station. After her sale she became an armed whaler sailing under a letter of marque. As a privateer she captured two French whaling vessels but then is no longer listed after 1810.

HMS Pilote was a cutter launched for the French Navy at Dunkirk in 1778. The British Royal Navy captured her in 1779 and took her into service under her existing name. It sold her in 1799.

HM hired armed cutter Flora served the British Royal Navy under contract from 16 August 1794 until a French privateer captured her on 1 December 1798.

HMS Eugenie was the French privateer Nouvelle Eugénie, launched at Nantes in 1796 that the British Royal Navy captured in 1797 and took into service. As a brig-sloop she served in the Channel, primarily escorting convoys, and was sold in 1803.

Between 1793 and 1805, five cutters served the British Royal Navy as hired armed vessels under the designation HM hired cutter Rose:

HMS Stag was a 32-gun fifth-rate frigate built for the Royal Navy. She was ordered in 1790 and work began in March 1792 at Chatham Docks. Completed in August 1794, Stag spent much of her service in home waters, where she worked to protect British shipping from French privateers. In an action on 22 August 1795, Stag engaged, and forced the surrender of, the Dutch frigate Alliante, and took part in the chase that ended with the capture of Bonne Citoyenne by HMS Phaeton on 10 March 1796.

References

Demerliac, Alain (1999). La Marine de la Révolution: Nomenclature des Navires Français de 1792 A 1799 (in French). Éditions Ancre. ISBN 2-906381-24-1.
Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours, 1671 - 1870. Group Retozel-Maury Millau. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.

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[1] "No. 14067". The London Gazette . 21 November 1797. p. 1114.

[FOOTNOTEDemerliac1999309N°2904-2] Demerliac (1999), p. 309, N°2904.

[3] Houghton, Roger. "A Peoples' History 1793 – 1844 from the newspapers" . Retrieved 6 July 2018.

[4] Lloyd's List, no,2753, - accessed 3 March 2015.

[5] "No. 14033". The London Gazette . 1 August 1797. p. 732.

[6] Naval Chronicle, Vol. 1, pp.245-6.

[FOOTNOTEDemerliac1999215№1691-7] Demerliac (1999), p. 215, №1691.

[8] "No. 15271". The London Gazette . 28 June 1800. p. 749.

[9] "No. 15334". The London Gazette . 3 February 1801. p. 151.

[10] "No. 15342". The London Gazette . 3 March 1801. p. 254.

[11] "No. 15998". The London Gazette . 7 February 1807. p. 157.

[NMM-WH-377475-12] "NMM, vessel ID 377475" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol x. National Maritime Museum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2011.

[13] "No. 16487". The London Gazette . 21 May 1811. p. 943.

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