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Nasjonal Samling was a Norwegian far-right political party active from 1933 to 1945. It was the only legal party of Norway from 1942 to 1945. It was founded by former minister of defence Vidkun Quisling and a group of supporters such as Johan Bernhard Hjort – who led the party's paramilitary wing (Hirden) for a short time before leaving the party in 1937 after various internal conflicts. The party celebrated its founding on 17 May, Norway's national holiday, but was founded on 13 May 1933. Nasjonal Samling was made illegal and disbanded at the end of World War II, on 8 May 1945.
Vidkun Abraham Lauritz Jonssøn Quisling was a Norwegian military officer, politician and Nazi collaborator who nominally headed the government of Norway during the country's occupation by Nazi Germany during World War II.
Johan Bernhard Hjort was a Norwegian supreme court lawyer. Having joined the law firm of Harald Nørregaard in 1932, he continued the firm after World War II as Advokatfirmaet Hjort, which today is one of Norway's leading law firms. Hjort was also noted for his involvement with the fascist party, Nasjonal Samling, in the 1930s, but left the party in 1937 and became an active member of the anti-Nazi resistance during World War II. He was imprisoned by the Nazis and is credited with saving the lives of many prisoners through his involvement with the White Buses. After World War II, he rose to become one of Norway's preeminent lawyers, and was noted for his defence of gay rights and controversial artists, as chairman of the Riksmålsforbundet language society, and as a liberal public figure.
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Adolf Egeberg Jr. was a Norwegian journalist and national socialist. Egeberg worked as a correspondent for Nationen in Germany circa 1930, and he took courses in the SA in Munich, and SS in Berlin. He was involved in the short-lived Norwegian fascist party National Legion in 1927–28, before he founded the National Socialist Workers' Party of Norway (NNSAP) in 1930, modelled on the German Nazi Party (NSDAP). He gained financial support for his party from Eugen Nielsen, publisher of Fronten, in 1932. Egeberg left the party to join the founding of Nasjonal Samling (NS) in 1933, and got a position as editor of Vestlandets Avis (1934–36), the NS-paper published in Stavanger. He was part of a circle, some of whom founded the periodical Ragnarok, that sought to push NS in a national socialist direction.
Yngvar Fyhn was a Norwegian national socialist. He was leader of the National Socialist Workers' Party of Norway (NNSAP) from 1935 until 1940 when that party became defunct and he joined Nasjonal Samling (NS). Fyhn became editor of the NS-paper Hirdmannen in 1941, turning the paper more pan-Germanist, militantly national socialist with an emphasis on "socialist", with fronts against Freemasonry, Jews and capitalists. Fyhn was considered for a cabinet position in the failed pro-German coup attempt by Leif Schøren and Egil Holst Torkildsen, leaders of Germanske SS Norge, against Vidkun Quisling and NS in January 1945. Fyhn committed suicide on 8 May 1945.
Stein Barth-Heyerdahl was a Norwegian art painter and Nazi. A reluctant member of Nasjonal Samling (NS) briefly after its founding in 1933–34 and from 1941, he was mostly active in the National Socialist Workers' Party of Norway (NNSAP) during the 1930s. He was editor of the short-lived NNSAP-paper Nasjonalsocialisten in 1934–35. Barth-Heyerdahl lived in Berlin for extended periods during World War II, and became part of the circle around the NS-critical periodical Ragnarok, which espoused pan-German and neopagan ideologies. Along with Per Imerslund, he was one of Norway's strongest proponents of racialist pagan ideas.
Egil Kristian Holst Torkildsen was a Norwegian national socialist editor and activist.
References
- ↑ Shaista Shaheen Zafar (2016). "Nazi Influence Outside Germany before and during the Second World War". Journal of European Studies. 32 (2).
- 1 2 Sørensen, Øystein (1989). Fra Hitler til Quisling. Oslo: J.W. Cappelens Forlag. pp. 94–95. ISBN 82-02-11992-8.
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