GEO-Mobile Radio Interface

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GEO-Mobile Radio Interface (GEO stands for Geostationary Earth Orbit), better known as GMR, is an ETSI standard for satellite phones. The GMR standard is derived from the 3GPP-family terrestrial digital cellular standards and supports access to GSM/UMTS core networks. It is used by ACeS, ICO, Inmarsat, SkyTerra, TerreStar and Thuraya. [1]

Contents

There are two widely deployed variants of GMR, both heavily modeled after GSM

GMR-1 is the technology used by Thuraya. GMR-1 3G is the technology used for TerreStar and SkyTerra. GMR-2 is used by Inmarsat iSatPhonePro.

GMR was developed by TIA and ETSI. [1]

Air Interface Ciphers

Versions of standard and cipher used: [1] [2]

References

  1. 1 2 3 IEEE Xplore
  2. Chini, Paolo (2009). "A survey on mobile satellite systems". International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking. 28: 29–57. doi:10.1002/sat.941. S2CID   40203171.
  3. 1 2 Tews, Erik (2012-02-02). "Don't trust satellite phones – The GMR-1 and GMR-2 ciphers have been broken". Cryptanalysis – breaking news. Archived from the original on 2023-09-23. Retrieved 2023-12-15.