Gaia (king)

Gaia ⵀⵢ
King of Eastern Numidia
Possibly a coin of the Numidian king Gaia
King of the Massylli
Reign	260 BC–207BC
Predecessor	Zelalsan II [1]
Successor	Oezalces [2]
Born	3th century BC Macomades, Eastern Numidia (present-day Ain Fakroun, Algeria) [3]
Died	207 BC Hippo Regius, Eastern Numidia [4]
Spousse	Berber Prophetess [5]
Issue	Masinissa Massiva [6] Feriel
House	Massylii
Dynasty	Massyllian
Father	Zelalsan II [7]
Military career
Conflicts	Second Punic war

Gaia (Numidian: GYY) ^{[8] [9]} was a Berber king of the Massylii, an eastern Numidian realm in North Africa. He was the father of King Masinissa, ^[10] and the brother of Oezalces and Naravas. ^{[11] [12]} Greco-Roman authors give his name as "Gala", but an inscription in Dougga indicates it may have instead been "Gaia". ^[13]

See also

• List of Kings of Numidia

Notes

1. Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland Anthony (1975). The Cambridge History of Africa. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-21592-3.
2. Eckstein, Arthur M. (2023-04-28). Senate and General: Individual Decision Making and Roman Foreign Relations, 264-194 B.C. Univ of California Press. ISBN   978-0-520-33534-9.
3. Boutammina, Nas E. (2020-11-05). On the Trail of the Berbers (in French). BoD. ISBN   978-2-322-25652-5.
4. Yahiaoui, Med Kamel (2019-06-25). Berbers and Arabs, the Controversial History: The Forgotten History of Glorious Ancestors and the Identity Controversy (in French). BoD. ISBN   978-2-322-03979-1.
5. Augoustakis, Antony (2010-07-22). Motherhood and the Other: Fashioning Female Power in Flavian Epic. OUP Oxford. ISBN   978-0-19-161497-2.
6. Walker, Ernest L. (2003). Master of Horse. Trafford Publishing. ISBN   978-1-55395-404-0.
7. Banhakeia, Hassan (2016). History of North African Thought (in French). L'Harmattan. ISBN   978-2-343-08248-6.
8. Huß, Werner (Bamberg) (2006-10-01), "Massylii", Brill’s New Pauly, Brill, retrieved 2022-01-20
9. Sanctis, Gaetano De (1968). Storia dei Romani: L'età delle guerre puniche. (2 Pt.) (in Italian). "La Nuova Italia" editrice. p. 505.
10. Livius, Titus; Freinsheim, Johann (1815-01-01). The history of Titus Livius, with the entire supplement of J. Freinsheim; tr. into Engl. p. 536.
11. Fage, J. D. (1979-02-01). The Cambridge History of Africa. Cambridge University Press. p. 180. ISBN   9780521215923.
12. Hoyos, B. Dexter; Hoyos, Dexter (2005). Hannibal's Dynasty: Power and Politics in the Western Mediterranean, 247-183 BC. Psychology Press. p. 153. ISBN   978-0-415-35958-0.
13. Roller, Duane W (2004). The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene: Royal Scholarship on Rome's African Frontier. Routledge. p. 12. ISBN   9781134402960 . Retrieved 15 September 2015.