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Moldova,officially the Republic of Moldova,is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe,on the northeastern corner of the Balkans. The country spans a total of 33,483 km2 and has a population of approximately 2.5 million as of January 2023. Moldova is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north,east,and south. The unrecognised breakaway state of Transnistria lies across the Dniester river on the country's eastern border with Ukraine. Moldova is a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic with its capital in Chișinău,the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre.
Vladimir Voronin is a Moldovan politician. He was the third president of Moldova from 2001 until 2009 and has been the First Secretary of the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM) since 1994. He was Europe's first democratically elected communist party head of state after the dissolution of the Eastern Bloc.
Vasile Tarlev is a Moldovan politician.
The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova is a communist party in Moldova led by Vladimir Voronin. It is the only communist party to have held a majority government in the post-Soviet states. It has been variously described as communist,Moldovenist,populist,Russophile,and pro-Soviet.
The Our Moldova Alliance was a social-liberal political party in Moldova led by Serafim Urechean,former mayor of Chișinău. It merged into the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova (PLDM) during April 2011.
Moldova elects a legislature at national level. The Parliament (Parlamentul) has 101 members,elected for a four-year term by proportional representation with a 6% electoral threshold. The President used to be elected for a four-year term by a constitutional majority of 60% members of the Parliament,but a Constitutional Court's ruling on 4 March 2016,reverted the election method of the President to a two-round system direct election.
The European Social Democratic Party is a centre-left,populist social-democratic political party in Moldova. Established in 1997,the party holds pro-European views,and is an associate member of the Party of European Socialists (PES) and a full member of the Socialist International. According to its statute,the PSDE pleads that Moldova is an independent,sovereign,and democratic state,based on law,and integrated in the united family of European democracies. Reflecting former leader Marian Lupu's views,but also the strong influence of the Moldovan Orthodox Church,the party is more conservative on social issues,such as LGBT rights.
The ȘOR Party was a populist political party in Moldova. Known from its foundation in 1998 until October 2016 as the Socio-Political Movement "Equality",the party held Eurosceptic and Russophilic stances.
The Parliament of Moldova is the supreme representative body of the Republic of Moldova,the only state legislative authority,being a unicameral structure composed of 101 elected MPs on lists,for a period or legislature of 4 years. The Parliament of Moldova is elected by universal vote,equal directly,secret and freely expressed. The president of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova is elected by the Parliament,with a minimum of 52 votes.
Mihai Ghimpu is a Moldovan politician who served as Speaker of Parliament and Acting President of Moldova from 2009 to 2010. He was member of Parliament of Moldova from 1990 to 1998 and from 2009 to 2019. Ghimpu held the position of leader of Liberal Party (PL) from 1998 to 2018.
Parliamentary elections were held in Moldova on 5 April 2009. The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM) won a majority of seats for the third consecutive occasion. Turnout was 59%,exceeding the 50% necessary for the election to be valid.
Early parliamentary elections were held in Moldova on 29 July 2009. The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM) won 48 of the 101 seats,but lost the majority they had won in the April elections.
The Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova is a democratic socialist political party in Moldova. A populist party,it holds Eurosceptic and Russophilic views,both of which are reflected by its long-time former leader Igor Dodon. It is contrasted to like-minded centre-left European parties for its conservative views on social issues,reflecting the country's strong social conservatism and the influence of the Moldovan Orthodox Church.
Vladimir Filat,commonly referred to as Vlad Filat,is a Moldovan businessman and politician,founder of Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova. He was the Prime Minister of Moldova from 25 September 2009 to 25 April 2013. He also was appointed as the Interim President of Moldova for a brief period of time in 2010. Following his conviction on charges of accepting bribes,Filat was released from jail in December 2019,6 years earlier than his initial sentence.
A nationwide referendum was held in Moldova on 5 September 2010 on whether or not the country should amend the Constitution of Moldova to return to direct popular election of the president. Since 2001,the president had been indirectly elected by Parliament,with a supermajority of 61 seats required for election. The voters are asked to answer the following question:"Would you agree with the Constitutional amendment,which would allow the election of the President of the Republic of Moldova by the entire population?" Voters chose one of the proposed options:"Yes (for)" or "No (against)". Of those who had cast their vote,87.83% chose "Yes". However,the referendum did not pass because only 30.29% of voters turned out,short of the necessary 33% for the referendum to be considered valid.
Veaceslav Untilă is a Moldovan politician.
Aurel Băieşu is a Moldovan jurist and politician,former deputy to the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova and deputy chairman of the Parliamentary Commission,Appointments and Immunities from August 2009 to December 2010.
Presidential elections were held in Moldova on 16 December 2011. The president was elected by the parliament in an indirect election. After the election on 16 December failed,a second attempt was made on 15 January 2012. However,that vote was annulled as being unconstitutional since it had not been held in a secret vote. On 16 March,parliament elected Nicolae Timofti as president by 62 votes out of 101,with the PCRM boycotting the election,putting an end to a political crisis that had lasted since April 2009.
Capital punishment in Moldova was abolished in 2005.
Snap parliamentary elections were held in Moldova on 11 July 2021. Following the resignation of Ion Chicu,the position of Prime Minister became vacant,with the Parliament being obligated to form a new government within three months. After the expiration of the constitutionally mandated period and two failed attempts to win parliamentary approval for the proposed cabinets,the Constitutional Court ruled on 15 April that the circumstances justifying a dissolution of the parliament were met. President Maia Sandu signed the decree dissolving the Parliament on 28 April and snap parliamentary elections were called on.
References
- ↑ "Socialist Gaik Vartanean leaves PSRM. The party asks him to hand in his parliamentary mandate". Ziarul de Gardă. 19 December 2022.
- ↑ "Mr Gaik VARTANEAN (Republic of Moldova, UEL)". Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.
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