Genc Ruli | |
---|---|
Minister of Finance | |
In office July 1991 –December 1991 | |
Minister of Finance and Economy | |
In office March 1992 –November 1993 | |
Minister of Economy,Trade and Energy | |
In office September 2005 –September 2009 | |
Minister of Agriculture,Food and Consumer Protection | |
In office September 2009 –September 2013 | |
Personal details | |
Political party | Democratic Party of Albania |
Alma mater | University of Tirana |
Occupation | politician |
Profession | Professor of Finance and Accounting |
Genc Ruli (born April 11,1958) is an Albanian academic,a founding member of the Albanian Democratic Party [1] a former politician who served as finance minister in the first governments after the fall of communism in the country and a former member of Parliament.
Ruli holds a degree in economics and law from the University of Tirana. From 1983 to 2005 he taught Finance and Accounting at the Faculty of Economics at the University of Tirana. [1] Ruli resigned from his position as finance minister on 9 November 1993,following allegations of corruption. [2] as a result of a conflict with the president of Albania at that time,Mr. Sali Berisha. [3] . Further on,he became minister in two of Berisha's governments,from 2005 to 2013.
In 1997,Ruli established alongside Artan Hoxha [4] the "Institute of Contemporary Studies",one of the most important think tanks in Albania. Ruli has been engaged in many national and international activities,with well-known organizations and institutions. He has hold various positions,such as chairman of the supervisory board of the Insurance Institute (INSIG);chairman of the Parliamentary Commission of Economy and Finance;EBRD Governor for Albania;member and vice president of the Albanian Olympic Committee etc. Ruli has written several publications in the areas of economics and public policies. [5]
Enver Halil Hoxha was an Albanian communist revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985. He was the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania from 1941 until his death,a member of its Politburo,chairman of the Democratic Front of Albania,and commander-in-chief of the Albanian People's Army. He was the twenty-second prime minister of Albania from 1944 to 1954 and at various times was both foreign minister and defence minister of the country.
Ramiz Alia was an Albanian politician serving as the second and last leader of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania from 1985 to 1991,serving as First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania. He was also the country's head of state from 1982 to 1992. He had been seen as a successor by Enver Hoxha and took power after Hoxha died.
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The University of Tirana is a public university located at the central borough of Tirana 10 in Tirana,Albania. It was established as the State University of Tirana (SUT) in 1957 through merging of five existing institutes of higher education.
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Gramoz Pashko was an Albanian economist and politician. He co-founded the Democratic Party of Albania in 1990 and later served as rector of the University of New York,Tirana. Pashko was married to Mimoza Ruli,sister of politician Genc Ruli.
Genc Pollo is an Albanian conservative politician. An Orthodox Christian and trained historian,Pollo was co-founder and first spokesman of the Albanian Democratic Party. He first became a member of the Albanian Parliament in 1996 and has held various ministerial posts since 2005.
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The People's Socialist Republic of Albania,officially as the People's Republic of Albania from 1946 until 1976,and as the Republic of Albania from 1991 to 1992,was the communist state in Albania from 1946 to 1991. It succeeded the Democratic Government of Albania (1944–1946).
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Albania and the United States formally established diplomatic relations in 1922,a decade after the Albanian Declaration of Independence from the Ottoman Empire. German and Italian occupation of Albania during World War II severed cooperation,and the establishment of an Albanian communist government in 1946 kept diplomacy paused for most of the 20th century. During the fall of communism in Albania and the dissolution of the Soviet Union,the two nations re-established relations in 1991.
The fall of communism in Albania,the last such event in Europe outside the Soviet Union,started in December 1990 with student demonstrations in the capital,Tirana,although protests started in January that year in other cities like Shkodër and Kavajë. The Central Committee of the communist Party of Labour of Albania allowed political pluralism on 11 December and the largest opposition party,the Democratic Party,was founded the next day. March 1991 elections left the Party of Labour in power,but a general strike and urban opposition led to the formation of a "stability government" that included non-communists. Albania's former communists were routed in elections in March 1992 amid economic collapse and social unrest,with the Democratic Party winning most seats and its party head,Sali Berisha,becoming president.
In 1991,the Socialist Party of Albania,with specific social democratic ideology took control of the country through democratic elections. One year later the Democratic Party of Albania won the new elections. After 1990,Albania has been seeking a closer relationship with the West. What followed were deliberate programs of economic and democratic reform,but the implementation of capitalism led to the proliferation of pyramid schemes. Chaos in late 1996 to early 1997,as a result of the collapse of these pyramid schemes,alarmed the world and prompted the influx of international peacekeeping forces. In 1995,Albania was accepted into the Council of Europe and requested membership in NATO and is a potential candidate country for accession to the European Union. The workforce of Albania has continued to emigrate to Western countries,especially Greece and Italy.
ALBtelecom Mobile,formerly known as Eagle Mobile,was a mobile communication company that operates in Albania. Back in March 2008,it was first founded as a subsidiary of ALBtelecom,which had been privatized in October 2007,with a majority of shares sold by the Albanian government to a consortium of two Turkish companies;Calik Holding and Türk Telekom. Calik possesses 80% of the company and Türk Telekom the remaining 20%.
Arben Malaj has been Minister of Finance and Economy in the Republic of Albania different times from 1997 until 2005. He is known for transforming the Albanian economy into a European profile,after the hard social-economic crisis that this country passed during the year 1997. He served as a Member of the Albanian Parliament from 1997 to 2013 chairing the Parliamentary Committee on Economy and Finance.
Indirect presidential elections were held in Albania on 30 May,4,8 and 11 June 2012,the seventh such elections since the collapse of the communist regime in 1991. The first through third rounds of voting were inconclusive. The fourth round resulted in the incumbent party's member Bujar Nishani being elected as President.
The Bufi Government better known as the Government of Stability was an interim government formed after the resignation of the previous Nano government due to the aggravated situation in the country after the events of 2 April 1991 where 4 opposition supporters were killed in Shkodër during a anti-communist protest that led to the burning of the Shkodra Labor Party Committee. The Nano government resigned on 4 June 1991,and the next day the then-President Ramiz Alia,began negotiations to form a comprehensive government whose main objective would be to restore stability to the country,from which it took the name "Stability Government". Ylli Bufi was accepted also by the opposition to be appointed as Prime Minister,while one of the most prominent figures of the Democratic Party,such as Gramoz Pashko,was appointed Deputy Prime Minister.